翻译资格考试《高级口译》参考译文
Third, civilizations are inclusive, and such inclusiveness has given exchanges and mutual learningamong civilizations the needed drive to move forward. The ocean is vast for it refuses no rivers.All civilizations are crystallizations of mankind’s hard work and wisdom. Every civilization isunique. Copying other civilizations mechanically or blindly is like cutting one’s toes just to fit hisshoes, which is not only impossible but also highly detrimental. All achievements ofcivilizations deserve our respect and must be treasured.
历史告诉我们，只有交流互鉴，一种文明才能充满生命力。只要秉持包容精神，就不存在什么“文明冲突”，就可以实现文明和谐。这就是中国人常说的：“萝卜青菜，各有所爱。”
History also tells us that only by interacting with and learning from others can a civilizationenjoy full vitality. If all civilizations can uphold inclusiveness, the so-called “clash ofcivilizations” will be out of the question and the harmony of civilizations will become reality. Thisis like what we Chinese often say, “radish or cabbage, each to his own delight.”
中华文明经历了5000多年的历史变迁，但始终一脉相承，积淀着中华民族最深层的精神追求，代表着中华民族独特的精神标识，为中华民族生生不息、发展壮大提供了丰厚滋养。中华文明是在中国大地上产生的文明，也是同其他文明不断交流互鉴而形成的文明。
Having gone through over 5,000 years of vicissitudes, the Chinese civilization has always keptto its original root. Unique in representing China spiritually, it contains some most profoundpursuits of the Chinese nation and provides it with abundant nourishment for existence anddevelopment. Though born on the soil of China, it has come to its present form throughconstant exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations.
公元前100多年，中国就开始开辟通往西域的丝绸之路。汉代张骞于公元前138年和119年两次出使西域，向西域传播了中华文化，也引进了葡萄、苜蓿、石榴、胡麻、芝麻等西域文化成果。西汉时期，中国的船队就到达了印度和斯里兰卡，用中国的丝绸换取了琉璃、珍珠等物品。中国唐代是中国历史上对外交流的活跃期。据史料记载，唐代中国通使交好的国家多达70多个，那时候的首都长安里来自各国的使臣、商人、留学生云集成群。这个大交流促进了中华文化远播世界，也促进了各国文化和物产传入中国。15世纪初，中国明代著名航海家郑和七次远洋航海，到了东南亚很多国家，一直抵达非洲东海岸的肯尼亚，留下了中国同沿途各国人民友好交往的佳话。明末清初，中国人积极学习现代科技知识，欧洲的天文学、医学、数学、几何学、地理学知识纷纷传入中国，开阔中国人的知识视野。之后，中外文明交流互鉴更是频繁展开，这其中有冲突、矛盾、疑惑、拒绝，但更多是学习、消化、融合、创新。
In the 2nd century B.C., China began working on the Silk Road leading to the Western Regions.In 138 B.C. and 119 B.C., Envoy Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty made two trips to thoseregions, spreading the Chinese culture there and bringing into China grape, alfalfa,pomegranate, flax, sesame and other products. In the Western Han Dynasty, China’smerchant fleets sailed as far as India and Sri Lanka where they traded China’s silk for coloredglaze, pearls and other products. The Tang Dynasty saw dynamic interactions between Chinaand other countries. According to historical documents, the dynasty exchanged envoys withover 70 countries, and Chang’an, the capital of Tang, bustled with envoys, merchants andstudents from other countries. Exchanges of such a magnitude helped the spread of theChinese culture to the rest of the world and the introduction into China of the cultures andproducts from other countries. In the early 15th century, Zheng He, the famous navigator ofChina’s Ming Dynasty, made seven expeditions to the Western Seas, reaching many SoutheastAsian countries and even Kenya on the east coast of Africa. These trips left behind many storiesof friendly exchanges between the people of China and countries along the route. In late MingDynasty and early Qing Dynasty, the Chinese people began to learn modern science andtechnology with great zeal, as the European knowledge of astronomy, medicine, mathematics,geometry and geography were being introduced into China, which helped broaden the horizonof the Chinese people. Thereafter, exchanges and mutual learning between the Chinesecivilization and other civilizations became more frequent. There were indeed conflicts, frictions,bewilderment and denial in this process. But the more dominant features of the period werelearning, digestion, integration and innovation.
佛教产生于古代印度，但传入中国后，经过长期演化，佛教同中国儒家文化和道家文化融合发展，最终形成了具有中国特色的佛教文化，给中国人的宗教信仰、哲学观念、文学艺术、礼仪习俗等留下了深刻影响。中国唐代玄奘西行取经，历尽磨难，体现的是中国人学习域外文化的坚韧精神。根据他的故事演绎的神话小说《西游记》，我想大家都知道。中国人根据中华文化发展了佛教思想，形成了独特的佛教理论，而且使佛教从中国传播到了日本、韩国、东南亚等地。
Buddhism originated in ancient India. After it was introduced into China, the religion wentthrough an extended period of integrated development with the indigenous Confucianism andTaoism and finally became the Buddhism with Chinese characteristics, thus making a deepimpact on the religious belief, philosophy, literature, art, etiquette and customs of the Chinesepeople. Xuanzang (Hiuen Tsang), the Tang monk who endured untold sufferings as he went ona pilgrimage to the west for Buddhist scriptures, gave full expression to the determinationand fortitude of the Chinese people to learn from other cultures. I am sure that you have allheard about the Chinese classics Journey to the West, which was written on the basis of hisstories. The Chinese people have enriched Buddhism and developed some special Buddhistthoughts in the light of Chinese culture, and helped it to spread from China to Japan, Korea,Southeast Asia and beyond.