全国英语等级考试PETS五阅读真题
Part A
Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, Cor D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Text 1
Englands binge-drinking habit is one of the most entrenched in Europe --even Roman invad- ers wrote about it with horror. Many feared that the habit would worsen after the relaxation of licen- sing hours last November. Doctors, academics and newspapers were joined in opposition by the po- lice and judges, who warned that the reforms were "close to lunacy". The government disagreed and abolished a restrictive regime first imposed during the First World War by David Lloyd George, the prime minister, who wanted to prevent munitions workers from getting too drunk.
While ministers never denied that Britons had an unhealthy attitude to liquor, they argued that much of the crime and disorder that blighted city streets at night was caused by hordes of drunkards rolling out of pubs and clubs at the same time and fighting for the same taxi home. They cited the wartime experience in Australia, where an early closing time had led to a phenomenon dubbed the"six oclocks swill", in which people drank themselves silly against the clock. The hope was that, once hours were relaxed, Britons would adopt more civilised, continental habits, sipping delicately at glasses of Chablis rather than downing ten pints. Were the optimists or the pessimists right?
Since the law was changed, around two-thirds of licensed premises have extended their open- ing times, most by an hour or so. (Fewer than 1 percent were granted a 24-hour licence. ) That smoothed the ]lp. m. and 2 a. m. chuck-out peaks and filled in some of the troughs. Local authori- ties in several large, lively cities, including Birmingham, Nottingham and Manchester, report that the streets are no more disorderly than before. One popular drinkers street in Birmingham has seen a dramatic drop in crime (although that may also be because businesses, fearing the worst, paid for street wardens). In London, most strikingly, there has not been a single month since the drinking laws were relaxed when more violent crimes were recorded than in the same month a year earlier. That is also true in Westminster, where many of the capitals
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