2017翻译资格考试中级口译仿真试题
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SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes)
Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content.You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer your have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1~5
Some children do not like school. So what else is new? But in Japan that familiar aversion has reached alarming proportions. About 50,000 unhappy youngsters a year (out of a total school-age population of 20 million) suffer what Japanese behavioral experts call school phobia. School phobia is distinguished from other common childhood and adolescent psychological and emotional disorders by the patient's reaction to, and fear of, the idea of going to school. Typically, it begins with fever, sweating, headaches, and diarrhoea; it often progresses to complete physical inertia, depression, and even autism.
A doctor on a house call found a thirteen-year-old Tokyo boy who had not been to school in more than a year. He lives in a darkened room, receiving his food through a slot under the door and lashing out violently at his parents if they came too close. Once the boy was placed in a psychiatric ward treatment, he again became an open, seemingly healthy youngster. When he was sent home, however, his symptoms returned, and he was never able to go back to school.
School phobia can be cured, usually with tranquilizers and psychotherapy. Rehabilitation takes about two years. Yet victims who are put in clinics or mental wards often prefer to stay there. Their day is filled with activities like knitting, painting, music, free time, and sports. Nurses try to create a familiar environment in which the children can feel that they are taking a certain amount of responsibility for their lives and can find some sense of self-worth.
The causes of school phobia are not precisely known. In a few severe cases brain disorders have been diagnosed. A more common factor may be the overprotective Japanese mother who, some psychiatrists say, leaves her children ill-prepared to face the real world. Many researchers point to the unrelenting pressures for success faced by both children and adults in Japan, where stress-related disorders of all sorts are common. In addition, the Japanese educational system is one of the world's most rigid, suppressing a child's individual creative and analytical development. Says Dr. Hitoshi Ishikawa, head of the department of psychosomatic medicine at Tokyo University, “The problem won t be cured until Japanese society as a whole is cured of its deep-rooted social ills.”
1. The author chooses to write about school phobia because .
(A) it is something new in Japan.
(B) Most children have developed the disease
(C) Its symptoms are not easily perceptible
(D) An alarming proportion of Japanese children suffer from it
2. Which of the following is the purpose of the second paragraph?
(A) To show that school phobia can be cured.
(B) To suggest a way to deal with school phobia.
(C) To describe the cause of school phobia.
(D) To present a typical case of school phobia.
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
(A) School phobia, which is widespread in many countries, is no cause for alarm.
(B) The problem of school phobia in Japan can not be solved unless it gets rid of its social evils.
(C) Despite school phobia the Japanese educational system remains on of the best in the world.
(D) Unrelenting pressures in the Japanese society contribute greatly to success.
4. From the last paragraph, we know that the causes of school phobia .
(A) can be easily determined
(B) are complex and manifold
(C) lie exclusively in the Japanese educational system
(D) originate from the Japanese way of bringing up children
5. The world “unrelenting” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to .
(A) unreasoning (B) continuous http://tr.hjenglish.com/
(C) limitless (D) unpleasant
Questions 6~10
I left hospital in a taxi on the tenth day with Octavia in my arms and Lydia by my side. I was excited at the thought of getting home and having my baby to myself, but the cold of the outside air must have startled her, for she began to scream and screech violently in the taxi, and when we got home I did not quite know what to do. In hospital she had always been so quiet and sweet. I laid her down in her basket, but the mattress was a different shape from the hospital cot, and she looked strange and uncomfortable and screamed all the more fiercely. She looked odd, too, in her own Viyella nighties, after the regulation garments she had worn all her life until that afternoon. She went on and on crying, and I began to think that she would never adapt to real life.Lydia was getting almost as worried as I was,and after a while she said,as we both sate miserably and watched this small furious person,“Why don t you feed her? That would shut her up, wouldn't it?”
I looked at my watch; it was half past four.
“It's not time to feed her yet,” I said. “In hospital, we had to feed them on the dot at five.”
“Oh,”said Lydia,“half an hour one way or the other can't make much difference.”
“Don't you think so?” I said. “But then she'll wake half an hour early at the next feed, and the next, and the next, and then what will I do?”
“It wouldn't matter, would it?”
“I don't know. I somehow feel thins would get all muddled and never get straight again. She was good and reasonable in hospital. And then she'll get confused, and how will she ever know when it's night time? How will she ever learn that it s night?”
“I should feed her,” said Lydia. “It looks to me as though she's going to have a fit.”
I didn't think she would have a fit, but I couldn t stand the sound of her crying, so I picked her out and fed her, and she became quiet at once, and fell asleep afterwards looking as though her mattress and nightdress were very comfortable after all. On the other hand, she did wake half an hour early at the next feed, and went on and on waking earlier, until we worked right back round the clock, for the truth was that she never went four hours but only three and a half. Looking back on it, it doesn't seem to matter at all, but it seemed very important at the time. I remember. It took her ages, moreover, to learn about night and day, and in the end I concluded that they and been giving her secret bottles in the night at the hospital.
However, on the whole, things worked out very well. I had a subsidized home help to begin with, and after a fortnight or so this woman whom Lydia had discovered, an amiable fat lady named Mrs Jennings, came in two days a week while dashed off to the library between feeds. Mrs Jennings adored babies, and I found that all her chat little darling tiny things, and where's here little tootsie, fell quite naturally and indeed gratefully upon my ears.
6. Octavia looked odd to her mother because .
(A) the Viyella nighties were newly bought
(B) her nightie was the wrong size
(C) her clothes weren't her usual ones
(D) the mattress was bigger than the one in the cot
7. Why did Lydia suggest feeding the baby?
(A) She found it was almost feeding time.
(B) She obviously didn't like the noise.
(C) She could see Octavia was hungry.
(D) She believed it was better to feed her more.
8. The mother didn t want to feed the crying baby because the thought .
(A) it was too early to feed her
(B) the baby wanted to be fed at five
(C) the baby couldn't be hungry at the moment
(D) it would stop the baby sleeping at night
9. The mother believed that in the hospital .
(A) they had told her all the truth
(B) they had confused the baby
(C) the baby had been underfed at night
(D) there were things she hadn t been told
10. We learn from the passage that Mrs. Jennings .
(A) first came in on a fortnight s trial
(B) helped the author with the baby
(C) was found by Lydia in the library
(D) was not qualified for baby-sitting
Questions 11~15
When the television is good, nothing — not the theatre, not the magazines, or newspapers nothing is better. But when television is bad, nothing is worse. In invite you to sit down it front of your television set when your station goes on the air and stay there without a book, magazine, newspaper, or anything else to distract you and keep your eyes glued to that set until the station signs off. I can assure you that you will observe a vast wasteland.You will see a procession of game shows, violence, audience-participation shows, formula comedies about totally unbelievable families,blood and thunder,mayhem,more violence, sadism, murder,Western badmen,Western goodmen, private eyes, gangster, still more violence,and cartoons.And endlessly, commercials that scream and cajole and offend. And most of all, boredom. True, you will see a few things you will enjoy. But they will be very,very few.And if you think I exaggerate, try it.
Is there no room on television to teach,to inform,to uplift,to stretch,to enlarge the capacities of our children? Is there no room for programs to deepen the children understatanding of children in other lands? Is there no room for a children's news show explaining something about the world for them at their level of understanding ?Is there no room of reading the great literature of the past, teaching them the great traditions of freedom?
There are some fine children's shows, but they are drowned out in the massive doses of cartoons, violence, and more violence. Must these be your trademarks? Search your conscience and see whether you cannot offer more to your young beneficiaries whose future you guard so many hours each and every day.
There are many people in this great country, and you must serve all of us. You will get no argument from me if you say that, given a choice between a Western and a symphony, more people will watch the Western. I like Westerns and private eyes, too but a steady diet for the whole country is obviously not in the public interest. We all know that people would more often prefer to be entertained than stimulated or informed. But your obligations are not satisfied if you look only to popularity as a test of what to broadcast. You are not only in show business; you are free to communicate ideas as well as to give relaxation.You must provide a wider range of choices, more diversity, more alternatives. It is not enough to cater to the nation's whims you must also serve the nation's needs.The people own the air. They own it as much in prime evening time as they do at six o'clock in the morning. For every hour that the people give you you owe them something. I intend to see that your debt is paid with service.
11. The word “wasteland” (para.1) is used to describe .
(A) western badlands (B) average television programs
(C) TV film studios (D) theatrical plays
12. Concerning programs for children, it may be inferred that the author believes that such programs should .
(A) include no cartoons at all
(B) include cultural and educational elements
(C) be presented without commercial interruption
(D) not deal with the Old West
13. The statement “The people own the air.” (para. 4) implies .
(A) Since they pay for watching television,they have a right to choose their favorite programs
(B) They want to enjoy fresh air, because the air in the TV studio is polluted
(C) They have the right to insist on worthwhile TV programs
(D) They are obliged to air their views on public affairs
14. Which of the following is NOT suggested in the passage
(A) The needs of minorities must be met by television.
(B) TV programs should be not only entertaining but also informative.
(C) Violence is not a good ingredient for children's television show.
(D) Children's television programs are uniformly terrible.
15. The passage is most probably part of .
(A) a scientific report (B) a newspaper editorial
(C) a public speech (D) an academic paper
Questions 16~20
With rapid growth identified as the most pressing of global population problems, the scene shifts immediately to villages in rural Kenya or urban slums in Karaas or bedrooms in Sedale where couples are making decisions about their reproductive behavior.Unlike other global issues which can be shaped directly by the actions of national and international power brokers, resolution of the problems posed by the magnitude and pace of contemporary population growth in the world ultimately depends upon the actions and behavior of a very large number of individual actors.Rapid population growth is the direct result of regular decistions made in private by literally many millions of persons throughout the world.
Hence, we are all actors in the population drama. Each of us has the potential to aggravate the problem of rapid growth just as each of us can change the distribution of populations simply by moving. Population trends therefore represent nothing more than the combined decisions of many individuals, couples,and families.And,because these decisions are shaped and conditioned by commonly held values, goals, and aspirations, there are patterns to them and the actors appear to follow the broad outlines of a script.
It is then evident that efforts to decrease the rate of population growth must eventually influence the decisions and behavior of many millions of couples if they are to be successful. Values and attitudes — the script that guides this behavior — must be a altered. To be even more specific, it means that couples, overwhelmingly poor and predominantly rural, in Africa, Asia, and Latin America where population growth is so high, must choose to limit the number of their children to fewer than three and must have the means to accomplish their goal.Similarly, couples in Europe, North America,and other low-fertility regions must continue to maintain their present patterns of having small families. Each couple must stick to its decision for some twenty to thirty years,or throughout their reproductive life span.In the economically less-developed world, this decision will be one that stands in stark contrast to those made by their parents and to the weight of cultural tradition.
16. It can be concluded from the passage that .
(A) large families may be considered as a heavy burden by the rural poor
(B) the actions of national and international power brokers have an important effect upon the decision made by the rural poor
(C) the actions of those with the highest fertility, the rural poor, ultimately determine the rate of population growth
(D) having large families had more advantages than disadvantages in those poor areas
17. The word “aggravate” (para 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.
(A) make clear (B) encounter
(C) settle (D) make serious
18. According to the author, the most effective way to decrease the rate of population growth is .
(A) by making it a national policy that each couple must not give birth to more than three children
(B) by exerting more international pressure upon those high-fertility regions
(C) by modifying the widely held values which guide the actions of many individuals and couples
(D) by providing the rural poor with means for limiting the family size
19. It is obvious that the author of the passage .
(A) shows indifference to the situation in the developed countries
(B) is very concerned about global population problems
(C) feels confident that the problem of population growth can be soon resolved
(D) is pessimistic about the future of those high-fertility
20. The author has written the passage mainly for .
(A) general readers (B) power brokers
(C) economists (D) decision makers
Questions 21~25
Sixty percent of all ethnic minorities in Britain live in London. Ethnic minorities only make up a small fraction of Britain's population as a whole, but coming to London you could quite easily be mistaken for thinking there were many more.I have taken this for granted having grown up with this fantastic diversity of culture, background and influence. I have people all around me who talk with varying accents,speak different languages,share distinct foods and celebrate special festivals. However, London is far from being without its racial problems.
The Campaign Against Racism and Fascism (CARF), a London based group,tells me that there is little doubt that,with the massive upsurge of xenophobia against asylum-seekers too, the fallout is affecting anyone perceived to be foreign or different. Recent attacks on black people have a ferocity that appalls police and community organizers a like. On March 4th this year, a 19-year-old Sudanese student,unconcernedly chatting to his white friend on a bus traveling through Wardsworth in south London, was suddenly stabbed in the stomach three times by a white youth brandishing a knife.
Police investigations on this and other racist attacks have left many doubting the police's supposed commitment to tackling racial crime.Some say it has all been talk about target indicators with few results on the ground. But on March 24th this year, the Met. Police's Racial and Violent Crimes Task Force,drawing on the slow,painstaking intelligence on racial harassment gathered by their 32 Community Safety Units,carried out its first large-scale operation.In dawn raids on homes in all over London,one hundred people were arrested for offenses including racially aggravated criminal damage, grievous bodily harm, distributing racist literature and threats to kill. Over thirty people have been charged with racial offenses.
Every year on our August public holiday,London, especially Notting Hill, comes alive for the Carnival. This celebration of variety, difference and the end of slavery—where I have seen people of all backgrounds,mixing,laughing and dancing together —is,I hope,the future of inter-racial relations in London.
20. The word “this” in “I have taken this for granted” (para. 1) refers to which of the following?
(A) Sixty percent of all ethnic minorities in UK live in London.
(B) Minorities only constitute a small part of UK's population.
(C) There are more minority people in Britain than it appears.
(E) It is unwise for many more to come to London.
21. The killing of the Sudanese student is to illustrate .
(A) the brutality of attacks on black people
(B) the fallout affecting anyone in poverty
(C) the traffic problems in south London
(D) the unconcerned attitude of police
23. The word “xenophobia” (para. 2) means “ .”
(A) partiality (B) arbitariness
(C) discrimination (D) antipathy
24. The word “intelligence” (para. 3) is closest in meaning to “ .”
(A) mentality (B) aptitude
(C) information (D) interpretation
25. What is the main topic of this passage?
(A) The increasing rate of crime in London.
(B) The center of England's cultural diversity.
(C) The people's criticism of London police.
(D) The poor inter-racial relations in London.
Question 26~30
Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary.According to established formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization.However,the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is very different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act.Shakespeare's Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is picasso's painting Guernica primarily a prepositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism. What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, in an innovative way, the limits of an existing form, rather than transcend that form.
This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value,comes to mind. More generally,however,whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata,are of signal historical importance,but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozart s The Marriage of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means.It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limits — the rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bach — in strikingly original ways.
26. The author considers a new scientific theory to be the .
(A) basis for reaffirming a well-established scientific formulation
(B) byproduct of an aesthetic experience
(C) tool used by a scientist to discover a new particular
(D) result of highly creative scientific activity
27. The autho implies that Beethovens music was strikingly original because Beethoven .
(A) strove to outdo his predecessors by becoming the first composer to exploit limits
(B) fundamentally changed the musical forms of his predecessors by his own strategy
(C) distorted the melodies of several of the great composers who preceded him
(D) manipulated the established musical conventions in a highly innovative fashion
28. The passage states that the operas of the Florentine Camerata are .
(A) unjustifiably ignored by musicologists
(B) not generally considered to be of high aesthetic value
(C) among those great works in which popular historical themes were portrayed
(D) often inappropriately cited as examples of great musical works
29. The author implies that an innovative scientific contribution is one that .
(A) is accepted immediately by the scientific community
(B) dies not relegate particulars to the role of data
(C) presents a new scientific fact
(D) introduces a new valid generalization
30. The word “transcends”(para.1) in the sentence “highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form…” is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A) go beyond (B) fit into (C) subject to (D) set up
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Twenty years ago, Motorola looked upon the Japanese with something close to fear.The Chicago company's television-manufacturing division had been large and profitable in the 1960s. By the early 1970s, however,high costs and a rising tide of inexpensive Japanese TVs were taking a heavy toll. “The Japanese were very aggressive”, recalls Motorola spokesman Mario Salvadori. “They wanted to get market share.” With cutthroat pricing, they did — eventually running nearly every U.S. electronic companyout of the TV business. Motorola sold its Quasar TV unit to a Japanese company in 1974.But while other U.S. companies were floored for foreign competition, Motorola refocused its energies, It turned to wireless communications — an industry it had pioneered (with mobile radios and walkie-talkie) in the 1920s. It was a prescient move.
SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions:Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
据调查，我国有40 %的青少年除了课本外不看其他书籍。对此，我感到极为震惊。虽然有关人士声称调查具有科学性，我仍不敢相信。不过尽管怀疑，事实却是，越来越多的`年轻人在业余时间已不再读书，而是看电视、跳舞、打电子游戏机，或者“侃大山”。高尔基说过：“书籍是人类进步的阶梯。”众所周知，书籍是人类智慧的结晶。尽管现代传媒(如电视、计算机)在信息的传播速度上有许多优势，但到目前为止，还没有哪一种在传播知识的深度方面能取代书籍。
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