2016年成考高起点《英语》预测试题及答案
IV. Reading Comprehension ( 60 points)
Directions:There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by fourquestions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Chooseone best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
根据下面内容，回答题：
Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is
enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.
The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War 11, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as au-tomobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared:the "life-enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy good sand the latest styles in clothing.
On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.
A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Con-sumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance,crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds ,we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good thing son the first four levels.
36According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as ho,using and clothing only when__________.
A.he has saved up enough moneyB.he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC.he has satisfied his hungerD.he has learned to build houses
参考答案：C
参考解析：
根据文中第二段所说，先填饱肚子才能想到保暖：衣物和遮蔽之所。C项是正确的。
37It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War ll,most Americans __________.
A.were very richB.lived in povertyC.did not own automobilesD.had own automobiles
参考答案：C
参考解析：
根据第二段最后三句可知到二战结束前，美国人满足了第--+等级，然后第三个等级才出现。第三个等级是对车子和新房子的需求。c项是正确的。
38What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?
A.The more goods the better.B.The more "luxury" items the better.C.The more mental satisfaction the better.D.The more earnings the better.
参考答案：C
参考解析：
第三段和第四段说前三个需求是物质上的(physical)，而第四个等级的需求是精神上的(mental)。C项是正确的。
39The author tends to think that the fifth level __________.
A.would be little better than the fourth levelB.may be a lot more desirable than the first fourC.can be the last and most satisfying levelD.will become attainable before the government takes actions参考答案：C
参考解析：
最后的等级就是交了税等着政府做事，我们只享受就是了。C项是正确的。由“…spending more on taxes to pay for government actionagainst…”可知，付更多的税给政府，政府再有所行动。不赋税，政府就不行动，第五个等级的满足就不会实现。
根据下面内容，回答题：
Deep inside a mountain near Sweet water in East. Tennessee is a body of water known as theLost Sea. It is listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's largest underground lake.The Lost Sea is part of an extensive and historic cave system called Craighead Caverns.
The caverns have been known and used since the days of the Cherokee Indian Nation. The caveexpands into a series of huge rooms from a small opening on the side of the mountain. Approximatelyone mile from the erttrance, in a room called "the Council Room," many Indian artifacts have been found. Some of the items discovered include pottery, arrowheads ,weapons, and jewelry.
For many years there were persistent rumors of a large underground lake somewhere in a cave,but it was not discovered until 1905. In that year, a thirteen-year~-old boy named Ben Sands crawled through a small opening three hundred feet underground. He found himself in a large cave half filled with water.
Today tourists visit the Lost Sea and ride far out onto it in glass-bottomed boats powered by electric motors. More than thirteen acres of water have been mapped out so far and still no end to the lake has been found. Even though teams of divers have tried to explore the Lost Sea, the full extent of it is still unknown.
40The Lost Sea is unique because it is__________.
A.part of a historical cave systemB.the biggest underground lake in the worldC.listed in the Guinness Book of World RecordsD.the largest body of water in Tennessee
参考答案：B
参考解析：
根据文中第一段第三句，可知.LostSea是世界上最大的地下湖泊。
41The Craig head Caverns have been known __________ .
A.through historyB.since the time of the Indian NationsC.since 1905 "D.since divers explored them
参考答案：B
参考解析：
根据文中第二段第一句“The cavernshave been known and used since the days of theCherokee Indian Nation.”可知，答案为8项。
42Who located the Lost Sea in recent times?
A.The Cherokee Indians.B.Tourists.C.Ben Sands.D.Scientists.
参考答案：C
参考解析：
文中第三段第二、三句讲述了BenSands发现lost Sea的故事。
43It can be inferred from the passage that the Craighead Caverns presently serve as __________ .
A.an underground testing siteB.an Indian meeting groundC.a tourist attractionD.a motor boat race course
参考答案：C
参考解析：
文中第四段写到了游客游览LostSea的情景，结合文章其他段落，可知目前Crai9.head Caverns是一个旅游胜地。
根据下面内容，回答题：
Oceanography has been defined as "The application of all sciences to the study of the sea".
Before the nineteenth century scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between.Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aapects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to goto sea to further his work.
For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question "What is at the bottom of the oceans?" had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a tele-graph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineer had to know the depth profile (形状)of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.
It was to Ma my of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned,in 1853,for information on this matter. In the 1840s ,Ma my had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(测水深) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later,some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.
The cable was laid,but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition( 考察) ,which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea.Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.
44The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on.
A.an academic aspectB.a military aspectC.a business aspectD.an international aspect
参考答案：C
参考解析：
文章第三段第二句中“commercial con—sequence”表明海洋学的研究动力源于商业目的。
45It was__________that asked Meary for help in oceanographic studies.
A.the American NavyB.some early intercontinental travelersC.those who earned a living from the seaD.the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable "--
参考答案：D
参考解析：
文章第四段第一句话表明是大西洋电信公司向Maury求助的。
46The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was
A.to make some sounding experiments in the oceansB.to collect samples of sea plants and animalsC.to estimate the length of cable that was neededD.to measure the depths of the two oceans
参考答案：D
参考解析：
文章第四段第二句表明Maury负责测北大西洋和太平洋的水深。
47This passage is mainly about __________ .
A.the beginnings of oceanographyB.the laying of the first undersea cableC.the investigation of ocean depthsD.the early intercontinental communications
参考答案：A
参考解析：
通过对文章的阅读可知，文章讲述了海洋学从无到有的事实，也就是海洋学的起源。