定语从句whom例句

　　定语从句也称关系从句、形容词性从句，是指一类由关系词引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句。同学们，你们对whom所引导的定语从句是否了解?以下是关于定语从句whom例句极其相关内容，下面一起去看看吧!

　　定语从句whom例句

　　whom可以代替定语从句里的宾语，来修饰人，下面就讲，which和whom的前面还可以加介词，来修饰前面的物和人。

　　例1：He liked the people whom he lived with.

　　whom只能代替宾语。

　　例2：He liked the people with whom he lived. 把with 和 whom 连起来，加上he lived,

　　放在一起修饰the people。

　　注：. 介词若是和连接词放在一起的定语从句，只能是修饰物用which，修饰人用whom。不能用that，who这两个连接词。也不能省略。

　　定语从句与主句间可以加逗号。

　　介词+which /whom的定语从句用法

　　1. 语法作用：“介词+关系代词”在从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语：

　　(1)表示地点，时间和原因的“介词+which”分别相当于 where，when，why。

　　I have found the book in which the names of all the early satellites are mentioned. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(=I have found the book. The names of all the early satellites are mentioned in it. )

　　The earth on which /where we live is a planet.

　　I”ll never forget the day on which /when I joined the League.

　　I know a wood in which /where you can find roses.

　　Is there any reason for which /why you should have a holiday?

　　(2)way后常用that代替in which，也可省略that。

　　I really don”t like the way that he talks.

　　That was the way in which the old lady looked after us.

　　Do it the way I showed you.

　　2. “of +which”起形容词的作用，相当于whose(用来指物)，其词序通常是“n. +of which”。

　　They live in a house whose door /the door of which opens to the south.

　　He”s written a book whose name /the name of which I”ve com- pletely forgotten.

　　3. 可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

　　There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

　　We carefully studied the photos，in which we could see signs of plant disease. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

　　4. 介词的选择(选择介词时须考虑下列情况)

　　1)介词与先行词的习惯搭配

　　There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(in与way是习惯搭配)

　　2)介词与定语从句中的动词，形容词的习惯搭配

　　These are the wires with which different machines are connected. (be connected with是习惯搭配)

　　The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny. (be familiar with是习惯搭配)

　　3)同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词，形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。

　　I can”t remember the age at which he won the prize.

　　That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.

　　age在前句中意为“年岁”，与at搭配;在后句中意为“时期”，与 in搭配。

　　4)复杂介词须保持其完整形式，常见的复杂介词有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of等。

　　We took a photo of rocket，the length of which was about 30me- tres. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

　　Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.

　　They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument.

　　5)短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，take part in，make use of，take hold of，catch hold of，catch up with，get along with，look forward to等。此时可用which，who，whom或that，也可将他们省略。

　　(误)This is the girl of whom he will take care.

　　(正)This is the girl whom he will take careof.

　　6)当介词与定语从句中的动词或形容词联系紧密(但不是短语动词)时，介词也可放在动词或形容词的后面。但当介词与从句中的动词或形容词联系不紧密时，则需将介词置于关系代词前。比较：

　　The space station which we drove to was in the desert. (SEFC 2A L. 55)

　　I”ll never forget the day in which I joined the Party.

　　后句中的in若置于句尾则有“孤零零”之感，这时宜将介词置于关系代词前;而前句中的to则可后置。

　　5. 关系代词的选择

　　用于介词后的关系代词只有which，whom，前者指物，后者指人。

　　There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(which指代research stations)

　　We questioned the pilot，from whom we learnt that no other planes had been seen. (SEFC 2A L. 55)(whom指代the pilot)

　　who/whom引导的定语从句的用法

　　who、 whom可以引导定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词,在从句中分别充当主语和宾语（在非正式场合下,除非紧跟于介词之后,who经常可以代替在定语从句中作宾语的whom）.例如：

　　1.The visitor who came yesterday is Tom.昨天来访的那个人是汤姆.（who引导修饰visitor的限定性定语从句,并且在该从句中充当主语）

　　2.His friends,who had tried to dissuade him from smoking,did not succeed.他的那些已经尽力劝阻他抽烟的朋友们并没有成功.（who引导修饰friends的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当主语）

　　3.First came Mary,whom few of us had expected.首先来的是我们当中几乎没有人料到的玛丽.（whom引导修饰Mary的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当宾语,这里的whom可以被who所代替）

　　4.He is John to whom you ought to address the request.他是约翰,你应该向他提出此项请求.（whom引导修饰John的非限定性定语从句并且在该从句中充当介词to的宾语,这里紧跟于介词to之后的whom不可以被who代替）

　　注意：that引导限定性定语从句修饰表示人的先行词时,通常可以与who换用.不紧跟在介词后的whom和that通常可以换用（紧跟在介词后的whom不可以被that代替）.例如：The scientist who/that discovers a cure for cancer will be great.发现治愈癌症的`方法的科学家将会因此而伟大.Jim is the man with whom she talked.跟她说过话的那个人是吉姆.

　　高中定语从句讲解：

　　一、只能用that的情况，

　　先行词为everything，all，little，much等不定代词时;

　　先行词被all，every，no，any，some，little，much，one修饰时;

　　先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时;

　　先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;

　　先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时;

　　先行词有人又有物时;

　　当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。

　　二、which，that的用法

　　1,which，that 用来指物(有六种情况只可用that而不用which)

　　(用作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略)，例如：

　　(1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which/that在从句中作主语)

　　(2)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which/that在从句中作宾语)

　　注：which在定语从句中指物，可作主语或及物动词或介词的宾语，作宾语时可省略;that在定语从句中既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时可省略，指人时，相当于who或whom，指物时，相当于which，作介词宾语时，介词不可提到 that前，当介词提前时，需要用which或whom来代替。

　　2、whose

　　(只用作定语)“whose”表示谁(可以为人也可以为物)的(东西)

　　例：A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.双亲都死了的孩子叫做孤儿。(“whose parents”表示那个孩子的双亲)

　　He lives in a room whose window faces south.他住的那个房子的窗户是朝南的。(“whose”表示那个房子的窗户)

　　关系代词：在句中作主语、宾语或定语。

　　1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，“which”代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略“that”在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，“which”在从句省略。[eg：This is the book (which)you want.]

　　2.如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前面，但有的则放在它前面的位置。

　　3. 代表物时的that常被省略;

　　c)被形容词最高级修饰时;既有人又有物时;

　　e)整个句中前面已有“which”，“why”行

　　关系副词：在句中作状语

　　关系副词=介词+关系代词

　　why=for which

　　where=in/ at/ on which(介词同先行词搭配)

　　when=during/ on/ in/……

　　1. “where”是关系副词，当然也不用“that”引导。

　　By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 当你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。

　　I still remember the place where I met her for the first time. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她的地方。

　　Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc. 他每次出差都带着生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等其他东西。

　　2. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用“there is”开头。

　　There is somebody here who wants to talk to you. 这里有人要和你说话。

　　分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。

　　that和which的用法区别:

　　在定语从句中，关系代词which和 that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意：

　　A. 只能用that而不能用which的情形

　　(1) 当先行词为：all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成的复合单词时，只能用that。如：

　　There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 没有事情会阻止我们进步。

　　(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能用that。如：

　　This is the only problem that we can’t work out. 这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。

　　(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。如：

　　This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。

　　(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。如：

　　Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。

　　(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。如：

　　This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。

　　(6) 当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用that。如：

　　Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 你昨天画的那张画是哪一张？

　　B. 只能用which而不能用that的情形

　　(1) 当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时，只能用which。如：

　　The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing. 那个铅笔盒，我上周买的，现在不见了。

　　(2) 关系代词前面有介词时，只能用which。如：

　　The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. 我们过去常在下面休息的那棵树已砍掉了。

　　(3) 先行词为代词that或that所修饰时，只能用which。如：

　　I don’t take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。

　　who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解:

　　在定语从句中，关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物，在一般情况下，可以互换使用，但在下列情况下值得注意：

　　一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形

　　(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐，她在国外学习，就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。

　　(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗？

　　(3) 当先行词为people和those时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。

　　(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时，只能用who (whom)。如：

　　Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

　　(5) 先行词指人，而关系代词在从句中作主语时，一般多用who。如：

　　The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。

　　(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom)。如：

　　There are students in our class who / whom you have met. 我们班有些学生你见过。

　　(7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时，若一个定语从句的引导词为that, 那么，另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who。如：

　　The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university. 刚才你会到的那个男孩是李明的刚从大学毕业的弟弟。

　　二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形

　　(1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：

　　The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东。

　　(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容词修饰时，引导词只能用that。如：

　　He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一个对老师说“不”的学生

　　(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时，引导词只能用that。如：

　　Who is woman that you talked with just now? 刚才跟你谈话的那位妇女是谁？

　　(4) the same as与the same that

　　the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物；the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物，即：同一事物。如：

　　She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着我几天前所丢失的上衣。(暗含：她偷了我的上衣)

　　She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的上衣。(暗含：她所穿的上衣不是我所丢失的那一件)

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