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常用临床医学英文术语

时间:2017-06-12 12:23:06 职业英语 我要投稿

常用临床医学英文术语

  临床医学是研究疾病的'病因、诊断、治疗和预后,提高临床治疗水平,促进人体健康的科学。接下来小编为大家整理常用临床医学术语中英对照,希望对你有帮助。

常用临床医学英文术语

  diseases 疾病

  acute diseases 急性病

  advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病

  chronic diseases慢性病

  communicable diseases 传染病

  complicating diseases 并发病

  congenital diseases 先天性疾病

  acquired diseases 后天性疾病

  contagious diseases接触性传染病

  endemic diseases 地方病

  epidemic diseases 流行病

  functional diseases 机能病、官能病

  infectious diseases 传染病

  inherited diseases 遗传病

  malignant diseases恶性病

  nutritional diseases 营养病

  occupation diseases 职业病

  organic diseases 器质性病

  paroxysmal diseases 阵发性病

  periodical diseases 周期病

  primary(principal)diseases原发(主导)病

  secondary diseases 继发病

  sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病

  terminal diseases 绝症

  wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主诉

  clinical manifestation 临床表现

  delivery history 分娩史

  etiology病因学

  family history 家族史

  history, medical history 病史

  precipitating(induced)诱因

  marital status婚姻状况

  menstrual history 月经史

  menarche 初潮

  menopause闭经

  past history既往史

  pathogenesis 发病机制

  personal history 个人史symptoms 症状

  cardinal symptom 主要症状

  classical symptom 典型症状

  concomitant symptom 伴发症状

  constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症状

  indirect symptom 间接症状

  induced symptom 诱发症状

  local symptom 局部症状

  mental symptom精神症状

  symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 综合症,症候群

  signs体征

  antecedent 前驱征

  assident (accessory) 副征

  commemorative 后遗症

  sign of death 死征

  diagnostic诊断征

  sign of disease 病征

  subjective 自觉征,主观征

  vein sign静脉征vital sign 生命体征

  body length (height of the body) 身高

  body weight 体重

  barrel chest 桶状胸

  cachexia 恶病质

  compulsive position 被动体位

  critical facies 病危面容

  emaciation 消瘦

  enophthalmos 眼球下陷

  entropion 睑内翻

  exophthalmos 眼球突出

  flushed face 面色潮红

  gain (loss) in weight 增加(减轻)体重

  lock-jaw 牙关紧闭

  lordosis 脊柱前凸 医.学教育网整理

  nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动

  nystagmus 眼震

  obesity 肥胖

  pallor 苍白

  scolisis 脊柱侧凸

  agitation 焦急不安

  debility, weakness 虚弱

  diaphoresis 出汗,大量出汗

  dizziness, vertigo 眩晕

  lassitude, fatigue 无力,倦怠

  malaise 不适

  night sweat 盗汗

  numbness 麻木

  rigor, chill 寒冷,发冷

  perspiration, sweating 出汗

  pruritus, itching 痒,

  somasthenia 躯体无力

  tingling 麻刺感abscess 脓肿

  acidosis 酸中毒

  adhesion 粘连

  alkalosis 碱中毒

  allergy 过敏

  coagulation defect 凝血不良

  congestion 充血

  dehydration 脱水

  distention 膨胀

  edema 水肿

  embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成

  fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱

  gangrene 坏疽

  hematoma 血肿

  hemorrhage, bleeding 出血

  infarction 梗塞,梗死

  infection 传染

  inflammation 炎症

  ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒

  metastasis 转移

  perforation 穿孔

  necrosis 坏死

  shock 休克

  response 反应,应答

  reaction 反应,感应

  thrombosis 血栓形成

  ulceration 溃疡fever, pyrexia 发烧,发热

  continuous fever 稽留热

  intermittent fever 间歇热

  low-grade fever 低热

  remittent fever 驰张热

  relapsing fever 回归热pain 痛

  burning pain 灼痛

  chest(flank,…) pain 胸(胁腹…)痛

  cramp-like pain 痉挛性痛

  dull, diffused pain 弥漫性钝痛

  pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛

  radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 绞痛

  cardiac angina 心绞痛

  backache 背痛

  colic 绞痛,急腹痛

  earache 耳痛

  headache 头痛

  neuralgia 神经痛

  migraine 偏头痛

  rebound tenderness 反跳痛

  somatalgia 躯体痛

  sore throat 咽喉痛

  stomachache 胃痛

  toothache 牙痛

  bloody sputum 带血的痰

  cough 咳嗽

  dry cough 干咳

  expectoration 咳痰

  expectoration of blood 咳血

  hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧

  apnea 呼吸暂停,窒息

  asthma 气喘,哮喘

  Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸,潮式呼吸

  dyspnea 呼吸困难

  hyperpnea hyperventilation 过度呼吸,换气过度

  hypopnea 呼吸不全, 呼吸浅表

  hypoxia 低氧,缺氧

  orthopnea 端坐呼吸

  respiratory arrest 呼吸停止

  suffocation 窒息

  tachypnea 呼吸急促

  fetid breath 口臭

  fruity breath 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常,心律不齐

  atelectasis 肺不张,肺膨胀不全

  cardiac arrest 心搏骤停

  cardiac hypertrophy 心脏肥大

  cyanosis 发绀,青紫

  distension of jugular vein 颈静脉怒张

  extrasystole 期外收缩

  gallop rhythm 奔马律

  hemopleura 血胸

  hepatojugular reflux 肝颈静脉回流

  hypovolemia (循环)血容量减少

  palpitation 心悸

  tachycardia 心动过速

  pneumothorax 气胸

  thrill 震颤

  absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失

  dull sound 浊音

  hyperresonant 鼓音

  rale 啰音

  rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音,干啰音

  wheeze 哮鸣音anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振,厌食

  dysphagia 吞咽困难

  eructation 嗳气

  belching 嗳气

  flatulence 气胀

  flatus 肠胃气,屁

  gaseous distention 胃胀气

  hematemesis 呕血

  hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆

  nausea 恶心

  pyrosis 胃灼热

  regurgitation 反胃,回流

  thirsty 口渴

  vomiting 呕吐

  anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂

  ascites 腹水

  board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状腹

  decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱

  exophageal varices 食管静脉曲张

  fistula 瘘,瘘管

  hemorrhoid 痔

  hernia 疝

  hepatomegaly 肝肿大

  intussusception 肠套叠

  jaundice 黄疸

  muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌卫

  peristalsis 蠕动

  loss of peristalsis 蠕动消失

  mass peristalsis 总蠕动