感恩节英语由来
关于感恩节的由来大家有了解一些什么吗?下面是小编给大家准备的感恩节的英语由来介绍，有兴趣的朋友可以看一下哦!
【Thanksgiving Day】
thanksgiving day fourth thursday in november almost every culture in the world has held celebrations of thanks for a plentiful harvest. the american thanksgiving holiday began as a feast of thanksgiving in the early days of the american colonies almost four hundred years ago.
in 1620, a boat filled with more than one hundred people sailed across the atlantic ocean to settle in the new world(新大陆). this religious group had begun to question the beliefs of the church of england and they wanted to separate from it. the pilgrims settled in what is now the state of massachusetts. their first winter in the new world was difficult.
they had arrived too late to grow many crops, and without fresh food, half the colony died from disease. the following spring the iroquois indians(美国纽约州东北部易洛魁族印第安人)taught them how to grow corn, a new food for the colonists. they showed them other crops to grow in the unfamiliar soil and how to hunt and fish.
in the autumn of 1621, bountiful crops of corn, barley(大麦), beans and pumpkins were harvested.
the colonists had much to be thankful for, so a feast was planned. they invited the local indian chief and 90 indians. the indians brought deer to roast with the turkeys and other wild game offered by the colonists.
the colonists had learned how to cook cranberries and different kinds of corn and squash dishes from the indians. to this first thanksgiving, the indians had even brought popcorn.
in following years, many of the original colonists celebrated the autumn harvest with a feast of thanks.
after the united states became an independent country, congress recommended one yearly day of thanksgiving for the whole nation to celebrate. george washington suggested the date november 26 as thanksgiving day. then in 1863, at the end of a long and bloody civil war, abraham lincoln asked all americans to set aside the last thursday in november as a day of thanksgiving.
thanksgiving falls on the fourth thursday of november, a different date every year. the president must proclaim that date as the official celebration.
thanksgiving is a time for tradition and sharing. even if they live far away, family members gather for a reunion at the house of an older relative. all give thanks together for the good things that they have.
in this spirit of sharing, civic groups and charitable organizations offer a traditional meal to those in need, particularly the homeless.
on most tables throughout the united states, foods eaten at the first thanksgiving have become traditional.
symbols of thanksgiving
turkey, corn, pumpkins and cranberry sauce(酸果曼沙司)are symbols which represent the first thanksgiving. now all of these symbols are drawn on holiday decorations and greeting cards.
the use of corn meant the survival of the colonies. "indian corn" as a table or door decoration represents the harvest and the fall season.
sweet-sour cranberry sauce, or cranberry jelly, was on the first thanksgiving table and is still served today. the cranberry is a small, sour berry.
it grows in bogs(沼泽), or muddy areas, in massachusetts and other new england states. the indians used the fruit to treat infections. they used the juice to dye their rugs and blankets.
they taught the colonists how to cook the berries with sweetener(甜味佐料)and water to make a sauce. the indians called it "ibimi" which means "bitter berry."
when the colonists saw it, they named it "crane-berry" because the flowers of the berry bent the stalk over, and it resembled the long-necked bird called a crane. the berries are still grown in new england.
in 1988, a thanksgiving ceremony of a different kind took place at the cathedral of st. john the divine. more than four thousand people gathered on thanksgiving night.
among them were native americans representing tribes from all over the country and descendants of people whose ancestors had migrated to the new world.
the ceremony was a public acknowledgment of the indians' role in the first thanksgiving 350 years ago. until recently most schoolchildren believed that the pilgrims cooked the entire thanksgiving feast, and offered it to the indians.
in fact, the feast was planned to thank the indians for teaching them how to cook those foods. without the indians, the first settlers would not have survived.
【感恩节的`美食文化】
Edward Winslow's account details that "they went out and killed five deer" and mentions that "our governor sent four men on fowling" and that "they four, in one day, killed as much fowl as, with a little help beside, served the company almost a week." While it is possible that turkeys may have been killed, it is more likely that ducks or geese were the primary targets.
根据爱德华·温斯洛的记载，他们那时外出捕杀了五头鹿。“长官共派了四个人去抓鸟。这四个人运气不错，一天就找到了几乎够一周吃的东西。”这些人有可能杀火鸡来庆贺，但鸭子和鹅更可能成为那时候人的首选。
In addition, the crops grown by both settler and Native American would have graced that early thanksgiving dinner. Corn, squash, potatoes, yams, even wheat to make bread were, in all probability, shared and enjoyed.
此外，在早期的感恩节晚餐中，当时的移民和美洲土著会用各种农作物，比如玉米、南瓜、土豆、山药、甚至小麦等所有可能的材料去制作面包，然后一起享用。
Today there is such a large variety of food to choose from that a Thanksgiving Dinner can feature almost any main course. True, the traditional turkey is still the meat of choice, yet goose, duck, ham, even some of the sea's harvests can be used. In place of sweet potatoes, peas, greens, and even more exotic vegetables all make their way to this celebration of Thanksgiving and harvest.
如今的感恩节大餐可选的食物可谓五花八门，几乎所有的菜都可以出现在晚餐中。没错，传统的火鸡依旧是肉类的选择，而你还可选用鹅、鸭、火腿以及各种海产品。除了甜土豆之外，豌豆、各种绿色食物甚至国外泊来的蔬菜都成功地登上了感恩节盛宴的饭桌。
The key to a Thanksgiving menu is to choose foods that will represent the idea of giving thanks for a good year, a harvesting of good fortune, and the sharing of the bounty of your efforts with friends and family. In today's world, the only limit on preparing a Thanksgiving Dinner is an individual's imagination and creativity.
感恩节食谱的择选关键在于：食物要有好的寓意，要能够表达出对好年头、对好运气的感恩之心，以及与朋友、家人共同分享的宽宏之心。现如今，人们准备感恩节大餐什么都不缺，唯一可能碰到的困难就是缺乏想象力和创造力。
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