感恩节的由来中英文
关于感恩节的介绍大家知道多少呢?时间飞快，感恩节就要来了，下面是小编收集的关于感恩节的中英文介绍，一起来了解一下吧!
Thanksgiving Day in America is a time to offer thanks, of family gatherings and holiday meals.
A time of turkeys, stuffing, and pumpkin pie. A time for Indian corn, holidayparades and giant balloons.
在美国，感恩节是一个感谢恩赐，家庭团聚，合家欢宴的日子;是一个家家餐桌上都有火鸡、填料、南瓜馅饼的日子;是一个充满了印第安玉米、假日游行和巨型气球的日子。
The Pilgrims who sailed tothis country aboard the Mayflower were originally members of the EnglishSeparatist Church (a Puritan sect).
They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland (The Netherlands) to escape religiouspersecution.
There, they enjoyed more religious tolerance, but they eventuallybecame disenchanted with the Dutch way of life, thinking it ungodly.
Seeking abetter life, the Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to financea pilgrimage to America.
Most of those making the trip aboard the Mayflowerwere non-Separatists, but were hired to protect the company's interests. Onlyabout one-third of the original colonists were Separatists.
乘 “五月花”来到这个国度的旅行者(朝圣者)原本是英国分离者教会清教徒，他们的家在英国，因不堪忍受国内的宗教迫害，他们逃亡到荷兰。
在荷兰，他们享受了更多的宗教信仰自由，但最终却意识到在荷兰的这种生活方式是对他们的主的亵渎。为了寻求更好的生活，他们与伦敦贸易公司协商，由该公司资助他们到美国。
在这趟旅途中，船上只有大约1/3的乘客是清教徒，其他大多数人并非分离派清教徒，而是公司雇佣来保护其利益的人员(契约奴)。
The Pilgrims set ground at Plymouth Rock onDecember 11, 1620. Their first winter was devastating.
At the beginning of thefollowing fall, they had lost 46 of the original 102 who sailed on theMayflower. But the harvest of 1621 was a bountiful one.
And the remainingcolonists decided to celebrate with a feast ——including 91 Indians who had helped the Pilgrims survive their first year.
Itis believed that the Pilgrims would not have made it through the year withoutthe help of the natives.
The feast was more of a traditional English harvestfestival than a true “thanksgiving” observance. It lasted three days.
1620年 12月11日，旅行者们在“普利茅斯石”登陆。他们的第一个冬季是灾难性的，第二年秋天来临时，原来的102名乘客只剩下56人。
但1621年他们获得了大丰收，这些幸存的殖民者们决定和帮助他们度过困难的91名印第安人一起飨宴庆祝。
他们相信，若没有当地居民的帮助，他们是不可能度过这一年的。这次节日的盛宴不仅仅是一个“感恩”仪式，它更像英国传统的丰收庆典。庆典持续了三天。
Governor William Bradford sent “four men fowling” after wild ducks andgeese.
It is not certain that wild turkey was part of their feast. However, itis certain that they had venison.
The term “turkey” was used by the Pilgrims to mean any sort of wild fowl.
总督布雷德福派了“四人捕鸟队”去捕捉野鸭和野鹅。我们现在并不能确定是否有野生火鸡在当时的筵席上，但筵席上肯定有鹿肉。当时，朝圣者用“火鸡”一词来代表各种野禽。
Another modern staple at almost every Thanksgivingtable is pumpkin pie. But it is unlikely that the first feast included thattreat. The supply of flour had been long diminished, so there was no bread orpastries of any kind.
However, they did eat boiled pumpkin, and they produced atype of fried bread from their corn crop. There was also no milk, cider,potatoes, or butter.
There was no domestic cattle for dairy products, and thenewly-discovered potato was still considered by many Europeans to be poisonous.But the feast did include fish, berries, watercress, lobster, dried fruit,clams, venison, and plums.
现在，几乎每家感恩节餐桌上都有南瓜馅饼――感恩节的另一种主食。但在当年的第一次庆典上却不可能有这种食品。因为面粉奇缺，所以面包、馅饼、糕点等食物都没有。
但他们却吃了煮南瓜，并用收获的玉米制成了一种油炸面包。也没有牛奶、苹果酒、土豆和黄油。
没有驯养的奶牛，自然没有牛奶;而新发现的土豆被很多欧洲人认为是有毒的`。第一次庆典上有鱼、草莓、豆瓣菜、龙虾、干果、蛤、鹿肉、李子等。
This “thanksgiving” feast was not repeated the following year. But in 1623, during asevere drought, the pilgrims gathered in a prayer service, praying for rain.
When a long, steady rain followed the very next day, Governor Bradfordproclaimed another day of Thanksgiving, again inviting their Indian friends. Itwasn't until June of 1676 that another Day of Thanksgiving was proclaimed.
紧接着的第二年(1622)却没有举行“感恩”庆典。到了1623年，发生了一场严重的旱灾，朝圣者们聚集到一起，举行了虔诚的祁雨仪式，刚好在第二天，一场充沛的大雨从天而降。威廉布雷德福总督宣布再次庆祝感恩节，并再次邀请了他们的印第安朋友。
之后数年无感恩节，直到1676年6月，感恩节才再次被提出。
【感恩节习俗】
Thanksgiving Day is the most truly American of the national Holidays in the United States and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.
感恩节是美国法定假日中最地道、最美国式的节日，它和早期美国历史最为密切相关。
Family Reunion and Feasting??Family feast is an important tradition during Thanksgiving. The entire family sits at the table during dinner and offer prayer to the Lord Almighty for his continuous grace. It is also a time for relatives living in different places to come together and celebrate.
家庭盛宴是感恩节期间的一个重要习俗。全家人围坐在饭桌边一起祈祷，愿上帝施与永不停息的恩惠。这也让身处异地的亲友欢聚一堂，同庆美好时光。
Tradition of Turkey??The traditional stuffed turkey adorns every dinner table during the feast. Pumpkin pie, Cranberry sauce, Corns are some of the dishes cooked everywhere to mark the day. Though historians don’t have an evidence to prove that turkey was eaten during the first Thanksgiving dinner, the thanksgiving celebration will be incomplete without it.
传统的填制火鸡让每个餐桌生色不少，南瓜派、酸果沙司、玉米更是那天必不可少的菜肴。虽然历史学家没有证据证明在第一个感恩节时人们就吃火鸡，但没有火鸡的感恩节是不完美的。
Parades??The traditional Thanksgiving parade probably started with President Lincoln proclaiming it an official day. The full- dress parade is a way to display the country’s military strength and discipline. The main aim of such parades is to lift the spirits of the spectators, provide them with wholesome entertainment. In the present day, parades are accompanied with musical shows and celebrities.
感恩节那天进行的巡游仪式大概始于林肯总统时期，而且这天被宣布为法定节日。隆重的巡游仪式是显示国家军事力量和严明纪律的一个方式，但这样的巡游主要目的是振奋国人，为大众提供一个积极健康的娱乐活动。现代的巡游活动还加入音乐节目，众多名人也参与其中。
Football Games?Watching NFL football during Thanksgiving is a popular tradition. The traditional game between the Detroit Lions and the Green Bay Packers continues. One of the most memorable games having been played on this day.
感恩节观看美国国家足球联盟的橄榄球比赛也是一个习俗。底特律雄狮和绿湾包装工队之间的传统比赛至今仍然保留着。其中最值得纪念的比赛之一就在感恩节这天举行。
中文
节日起源
名称由来
万圣节服装万圣节英语是All Saints Day，天主教和东正教节日之一，是西方国家的传统节日。华语地区常将万圣夜误称为万圣节。“Hallow”来源于中古英语halwen，与holy词源很接近，在苏格兰和加拿大的某些区域，万圣节仍然被称为“All Hallow Mas”。那一天，要举行的弥撒仪式（Mass）是庆祝在天的全体圣人（Hallow）。现在社会上为了商业利益或其他目的，在10月31日夜里组织各种充满妖魔鬼怪的活动，完全背离了万圣节的神圣意义。
关于万圣节由来的，版本繁多，流传较广的是：
两千多年前，欧洲的天主教会把11月1日定为“天下圣徒之日”（All Hallows' Day）。“Hallow”即圣徒之意。传说，居住在爱尔兰、苏格兰等地的凯尔特人（Celts）认为10月31日是夏天正式结束的日子，也就是新年伊始，严酷的冬天开始的一天。那时人们相信，故人的亡魂会在这一天回到故居地在活人身上找寻生灵，借此再生，而且这是人在死后能获得再生的唯一希望。而活人则惧怕死人的魂灵来夺生，于是人们就在这一天熄掉炉火、烛光，让死人的魂灵无法找到活人，又把自己打扮成妖魔鬼怪把死人的魂灵吓走。之后，他们又会把火种、烛光重新燃起，开始新的一年的生活。
万圣节原本其实是赞美秋天的节日，就好像五月节是赞美春天一样。古代高卢、不列颠和爱尔兰的祭司——德鲁伊德有一个赞美秋天的盛大节日，从10月31日的午夜到次日11月1日，持续整整一天。他们认为，在那天晚上他们伟大的死神——萨曼把那年死去人的鬼魂统统召来，这些恶鬼要受到托生为畜类的惩罚。当然，只要想到这种鬼魅的聚会，就足以令当时那些头脑简单的愚民胆战心惊了。于是他们点起冲天的篝火，并严密监视这些恶鬼。万圣节前夜到处有女巫和鬼魂的说法就是这么开始的。至今在欧洲某些与世隔绝的地区，还有人相信这是真的。
古罗马人在11月1日也有一个节日，那是用来向他们的波莫娜女神表示敬意的。他们在熊熊的篝火前烤坚果和苹果。我们的万圣节似乎就是由古罗马人的节日与德鲁伊德的节日糅合而成的。
万圣节的活动原来是非常简单的，而且大部分是在教堂里进行。但在整个欧洲，人们都把万圣节前夜看作尽情玩闹、讲鬼故事和互相吓唬的好机会。于是人们不再把这节日用来赞美秋天，却让它变成神怪、巫婆和鬼魂的节日。
服装由来
万圣节玩具万圣节的服装起源于恶作剧，大人带孩子一起出门（一般是大人驾车停在路边，小孩说：“不给糖就捣蛋（trick or treat）。大人事先要求孩子只许去门口有节日布置的并点了灯的人家，否则不许打扰。另外讨糖过程中必须始终站在大门口等待，不许进屋，讨回的糖也要交给大人检查后才许吃。对接待孩子的人家也要求不给自家制作的食品，也不给未包装的食品。
万圣节的服装，万人万相，不只是单调的大鬼小鬼。制作最简单的鬼服就用一张白床单顶在头上，抠两个洞留出眼睛；若要扮演魔术师，就穿上黑衣黑裤，再戴上黑礼帽，并在礼帽与头顶之间藏一只绒毛小兔备用；小孩穿上白衣白裤，再在背后绑一个手电筒在头上就打扮成了小天使；也有家长把孩子打扮成他们喜欢的卡通形象的。
南瓜灯由来
南瓜灯源于古代爱尔兰。传说一个名叫Jack的人，是个醉汉且爱恶作剧。在万圣节当日，他设圈套将魔鬼困在一棵树上，他不许魔鬼下来，直至恶魔答应永远不让他住在地狱。Jack死后，因他不相信神，他不能进天堂，而魔鬼也不让他入地狱，为了协助Jack找到回人间的路径，魔鬼给了他一块燃烧的炭，Jack将这燃烧的炭放在他以大红萝卜雕刻成的一个灯笼内，这第一个“Jack的灯笼”，帮助找寻他的路径回爱尔兰，但他从没找着，于是他永远带著灯笼流浪人间。
在古老的爱尔兰传说里，这根小蜡烛是在一根挖空的萝卜里放着，称作“Jack Lanterns”，而古老的萝卜灯演变到今天，则是南瓜做的Jack-O-Lantern了。据说爱尔兰人到了美国不久，即发现南瓜不论从来源和雕刻来说都比萝卜更胜一筹，于是南瓜就成了万圣节的宠儿。
中国传统的七月中元节与西方的万圣节相仿，在鬼节这段时间里连许多匪徒都忌讳许多事情，就是为了避免遇到晦气。可见即使在民间信仰中都知道，精灵鬼怪之事最好敬而远之。可惜的是却把它包装成一个狂欢、刺激、放任的节日，在商业利益诱因的推波助澜之下，把万圣节哄抬成除了圣诞节与感恩节之外的第三大节期，每年此时在夜色的掩护下迷惑了世人，随著死亡之舞的节拍膜拜恐惧与死亡。
流行地区
万圣节玩偶
万圣节主要流行于英语世界，如不列颠群岛和北美，其次是澳大利亚和新西兰。如今一些亚洲国家的年轻一辈也开始倾向于过“洋节”，到了万圣节前夕，一些大型外资超市都会摆出专柜卖万圣节的玩具，小商贩也会出售一些跟万圣节相关的玩偶或模型，吸引年轻人的眼光。
各地习俗
节日风俗
不给糖就捣蛋
万圣节前夜是一年中最“闹鬼”的时候，各种妖魔鬼怪、海盗、外星来客和巫婆们纷纷出动。在基督纪元以前，凯尔特人在夏末举行仪式感激上苍和太阳的恩惠。当时的占卜者点燃并施巫术以驱赶据说在四周游荡的妖魔鬼怪。后来罗马人用果仁和苹果来庆祝的丰收节与凯尔特人的10月31日融合了。在中世纪，人们穿上动物造型的服饰、戴上可怕的面具是想在万圣节前夜驱赶黑夜中的鬼怪。尽管后来基督教代替了凯尔特和罗马的宗教活动，早期的习俗还是保留下来了。孩子们带着开玩笑的心理穿戴上各种服饰和面具参加万圣夜舞会，这些舞会四周的墙上往往悬挂着用纸糊的巫婆、黑猫、鬼怪和尸骨，窗前和门口则吊着龇牙咧嘴或是面目可憎的南瓜灯笼。
万圣节前夕，孩子们会提着南瓜灯，穿着各式各样的稀奇古怪的服装，挨家挨户地去索要糖果，不停地说：“trick or treat”（意思是：“给不给，不给就捣蛋。”）要是你不肯给糖果的话，孩子们就会很生气，用各种方法去惩罚你，例如：把垃圾倒在你家里等等的方法去惩罚你，直到你肯给他们糖果为止。而对传统而言人们会扮成精灵，然后逐家逐户去恳求食物。他们的信念是要给予精灵崇拜及食物来讨好它们，否则这些精灵就会捉弄他们，诸如：烟囱堵塞，牛羊失丧﹑被掷黄芽白等等。另一个途径去愚弄或吓跑这些恶灵，就是扮成它们的样子，他们相信这样那些恶灵就不会伤害他们。
万圣节面具自17世纪起，庆祝万圣节的传统在南部英格兰逐渐消失，代之以在11月5日举行的火药阴谋（Gunpowder Plot）纪念会。但在苏格兰，爱尔兰和北部英格兰万圣节依然盛行。直到21世纪初，南部英格兰人才重新开始庆祝万圣节，只是方式完全美国化了。
万圣节前夜最流行的游戏是“咬苹果”。游戏时，人们让苹果漂浮在装满水的盆里，然后让孩子们在不用手的条件下用嘴去咬苹果，谁先咬到，谁就是优胜者。
万圣节源自古代凯尔特民族（Celtic）的新年节庆，此时也是祭祀亡魂的时刻，在避免恶灵干扰的同时，也以食物祭拜祖灵及善灵以祈平安度过严冬。当晚小孩会穿上化妆服，戴上面具，挨家挨户收集糖果。
英语
Origin of the festival
The name origin
Halloween is one of the All Saints Day, Catholic and Orthodox holidays. It is a traditional holiday in Western countries. In Chinese-speaking regions, Halloween is often mistakenly called Halloween. "Hallow" comes from the Middle English halwen, which is close to the etymology of holy, and Halloween is still called "All Hallow Mas" in some parts of Scotland and Canada. On that day, a Mass ceremony (Mass) is held to celebrate all the saints (Hallow) in heaven. Now the society for commercial interests or other purposes, in the night of October 31 to organize a variety of activities full of demons and ghosts, completely deviated from the sacred meaning of Halloween.
About the origin of Halloween, there are many versions, more popular is:
More than 2,000 years ago, the Catholic Church in Europe designated November 1 as "All Hallows' Day." "Hallow" means saint. Legend has it that the Celts, who lived in places like Ireland and Scotland, believed that October 31 was the official end of summer, the day when the New Year began and the harsh winter began. At that time, people believe that the dead will return to the former home on this day to find the living in the living, to regenerate, and this is the only hope that people can obtain regeneration after death. And the living are afraid of the dead soul to take life, so people on this day put out the fire, candlelight, let the dead soul can not find the living, and dressed up as ghosts and ghosts to scare away the dead soul. After that, they will light the fire and candle again and start the New Year's life.
Halloween was originally a celebration of autumn, just as Cinco de Mayo is a celebration of spring. The Druids, priests of ancient Gaul, Britain and Ireland, had a great festival in praise of autumn, from midnight on October 31 to the next day, November 1, lasting a whole day. They think, in that night their great death - Saman that year the ghosts of the dead all called, these evil ghosts to be born as animal punishment. Of course, as long as the thought of such a ghostly gathering, it was enough to make those simple-minded fool at that time scared. So they lit a bonfire to the sky and kept a close watch on the evil spirits. That's how the idea of witches and ghosts everywhere on Halloween began. It is still believed to be true in isolated parts of Europe.
The ancient Romans also had a festival on November 1, which was used to pay homage to their goddess Pomona. They roasted nuts and apples in front of a roaring fire. Our Halloween seems to have been a mixture of an ancient Roman holiday and a Druid holiday.
Halloween activities turned out to be very simple, and most of them were carried out in churches. But all over Europe, people see Halloween as a chance to have fun, tell ghost stories and scare each other. So people no longer use this festival to praise autumn, but let it become a festival of gods, witches and ghosts.
Clothing origin
Halloween toys Halloween costumes originated as pranks in which adults took children out with them (usually when the adults pulled over and the children said, "trick or treat. Adults ask children to go to the door of the festival layout and light the house, otherwise not to disturb. In addition, during the process of begging sugar, you must always stand at the gate and wait. You are not allowed to enter the room. The sugar you get back must be handed over to adults for inspection before you can eat it. Children's hosts are also asked not to give home-made food or unpackaged food.
Halloween costumes, everyone, not just drab big ghost. Making the most simple ghost costume is to use a white sheet on the head, cut two holes for eyes; If you want to play a magician, put on black clothes black pants, and then put on a black hat, and hide a fluffy rabbit between the top of the head; Children wear white clothes and white pants, and then tied a flashlight on the back of the head dressed as a little angel; Some parents dress their children up as their favorite cartoon characters.
Origin of Jack-o '-Lantern
The jack-o '-lantern originated in ancient Ireland. Legend has it that a man named Jack was drunk and fond of mischief. On Halloween, he set a trap to trap the devil in a tree. He would not let the devil down until the devil promised never to let him live in hell. Jack died, because he does not believe in god, he could not go to heaven, and the devil wouldn't let him into the hell, to help Jack to find back to the path of the world, the devil gave him a piece of burning charcoal, Jack put the burning charcoal to him big carrot carved into a lantern, the first "Jack lanterns", to help find his path back to Ireland, But he never found it, so he always wandered the world with his lantern.
"In ancient Irish folklore, these Lanterns were" Jack O- lanterns, "and these ancient turnip lanterns evolved into today's jack-o-lanterns. It is said that soon after the Irish arrived in America, they discovered that pumpkins were superior to turnips, both in origin and in carving, and that pumpkins became Halloween favorites.
The traditional July Hungry Ghost Festival in China is similar to Halloween in the West. During the Ghost Festival, even many bandits abrogate many things, just to avoid encountering bad luck. So even in folk belief, spirits and ghosts are best kept at a respectful distance. It is a pity that it is packaged as a carnival, exciting, laissez-faire holiday, in the commercial incentives to promote Halloween into the third festival after Christmas and Thanksgiving, this time of year under the cover of darkness to confuse the world, along with the dance of death rhythm to worship fear and death.
Endemic areas
The Halloween Doll
Halloween is popular mainly in the English-speaking world, such as the British Isles and North America, followed by Australia and New Zealand. Nowadays, the young generation in some Asian countries also tend to celebrate the "foreign festival". On Halloween eve, some large foreign supermarkets will set up special shelves to sell Halloween toys, and small vendors will also sell some Halloween related dolls or models to attract young people's eyes.
All customs
Festival customs
Trick or treat
Halloween is the most "haunted" time of the year, all kinds of ghosts, pirates, aliens and witches are out in force. Before the age of Christ, the Celts held ceremonies at the end of summer to thank God and the sun for its blessings. Soothsayers lit and practiced witchcraft to drive away the demons and spirits that were said to roam around. Later, the Roman harvest festival of nuts and apples merged with the Celtic festival of October 31. In the Middle Ages, people dressed up in animal costumes and scary masks to drive away the ghosts of the night on Halloween. Although Christianity later replaced Celtic and Roman religious practices, the early customs have survived. Children playfully dress up in costumes and masks for Halloween dances, which are surrounded by papier-mache witches, black cats, ghosts, and skeletons, and by wining or hideous jack-o '-lanterns hanging from Windows and doorways.
On Halloween, children carrying jack-o '-lanterns and wearing all kinds of strange costumes go from house to house asking for candy, saying, "trick or treat." If you don't give them candy, the children will get angry and punish you in various ways, such as taking out the garbage in your house and so on, until you give them candy. Traditionally people would dress up as elves and go from house to house begging for food. Their BELIEF WAS TO GIVE THE ELVES WORSHIP AND FOOD TO PLEASE THEM, OTHERWISE THE ELVES WOULD PLAY TRICKS ON THEM, such AS BLOCKED CHIMneys, cattle AND sheep lost, thrown yellow and white, and so on. Another way to fool or scare away the evil spirits is to act like them, in the belief that the evil spirits will not harm them.
From the 17th century onwards, the tradition of celebrating Halloween died out in southern England, in favour of the Gunpowder Plot, which is celebrated on 5 November. But Halloween is still popular in Scotland, Ireland and northern England. It wasn't until the early 2000s that southern England started celebrating Halloween again, but in a completely American way.
The most popular game on Halloween is "biting for apples". During the game, people let the apples float in a basin filled with water, and then let the children bite the apples with their mouths without using their hands. Whoever bites the apples first is the winner.
Halloween originated from the New Year festival of the ancient Celtic nation. It is also a time to sacrifice the spirits of the dead. While avoiding the interference of evil spirits, it is also a time to sacrifice food to the ancestral spirits and good spirits to pray for a safe winter. That night, the children will wear costumes and masks and go from house to house collecting candy.