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专八阅读理解练习题《声音处理》

时间:2025-04-24 08:31:22 专八 我要投稿
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2018专八阅读理解练习题《声音处理》

  2018年的专八看似很遥远,但是对于难度大的专八考试来说,考生如不及早备考,可是难以取得理想的成绩的。下面,小编就为大家送上一篇2018专八阅读理解练习题,供大家练习。

2018专八阅读理解练习题《声音处理》

  Every year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However. federal rules forbid the practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition, television stations always operate at the highest sound level allowed for reasons of efficiency. According to one NBC executive. no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads and programming. Given this information. whydo commercials sound so loud?

  The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its peak level. Advertisers are skilful at creating the impression of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness of commercials is that much less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak levels.

  Other "tricks of the trade" are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds. advertisers filter out any noises that may drown out the primary message. In addition, the human voice hasmore auditory (听觉的) impact in che middle frequency ranges. Advertisers electronically vary voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so that lots of consonants(辅音) are used, because people are more aware of consonants than vowel (元音) sounds. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly different from those of the programming within which the commercial is buried. Because people become adapted to the type of sounds coming from programming. a dramatic change in sound quality draws viewer attention. For example. notice how many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some type.

  The attention-getting property of commercials can be seen by observing one-to-two-year-old children who happen to be playing around a television set. They may totally ignore the programming. However. when a commercial comes on.their attention is immediately drawn to it because of its dramatic sound quality.1. According to the passage, the maximum intensity of sound coming from commercials________.

  A) does not exceed that of programs

  B) is greater than that of programs

  C) varies over a large range than that of programs

  D) is less than that of programs

  2. Commercials create che sensation of loudness because____________________.

  A) TV stations always operate at the highest sound levels

  B) their sound levels are kept around peak levels

  C) their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges

  D) unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range

  3. Many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some kind because_________________.

  A) pop songs attract viewer attention

  B) it can increase their loudness

  C) advertisers want to make them sound different from regular programs

  D) advertisers want to merge music with commercials

  4. One of the reasons why commercials are able to attract viewer attention is that_____________.

  A) the human voices in commercials have more auditory impact

  B) people like cheerful songs that change dramatically in sound quality

  C) high-frequency sounds are used to mask sounds that drown out the primary message

  D) they possess sound qualities that make the viewer feel that something unusual is happening

  5. In the passage, the author is trying to tell us________________.

  A) how TV ads vary vocal sounds to attract attention

  B) how the loudness of TV ads is overcome

  C) how advertisers control the sound properties of TV ads

  D) how the attention-getting properties of sounds are made use of in TV ads

  答案:

  1.根据文章的内容,电视广告中最高强度的声音_____________。

  A)不会超过电视节目的声音

  B)比电视节目的声音要强

  C)强度在一个比电视节目声音强度要广的范围里发生变化

  D)比电视节目的声音要弱

  [A]第1段2句和第4句分别提到,联邦法律禁止广告声音大于节目的声音;国家广播公司的某个官员称,广告和节目的最大音量并无区别。由此可知,广告的声音强度并没有超过节目,因此A正确。

  2.电视广告让人觉得声音很大,因为__________________。

  A)电视台总是用最大的声音来播出节目

  B) 电视广告的声音被保持在最高峰值

  C) 电视广告的声音被保持在中等波段

  D) 与一般的电视节目不同,电视广告的声音强度在一个很广的范围内变化

  [B]第2段第1句指出,人们对声音的感觉会受音量峰值的影响,后面进一步说明为达到此目的,广告人使用的技巧。再结合本段最后一句,可知B项符合题意。

  3.许多电视广告都以某种快乐的歌曲开始,因为____________________。

  A)流行歌曲能够吸引观众的注意力

  B)它能够提大广告的音量

  C)广告商想要让广告听上去与一般的电视节目不同

  D)广告商想要将音乐与广告融为一体

  [C]第3段例数第2句提到,人们已经适应了节目中传来的那种声音,因此很多广告使用欢快的歌曲作为开头,希望以声音的强烈变化吸引观众的注意力。C正确,其他选项没有原文依据。

  4.电视广告能够吸引观众注意力的其中一个原因是________________。

  A)电视广告中的人的声音能产生更强的听觉影响

  B)人们喜欢声音质量有很大变化的欢快的歌曲

  C)高频的声音是用来修饰那些压过主要信息的声音的

  D)电视广告的声音质量能够让观众感到有什么特别的事情正在发生

  [D]第3段指出,广告人采用与节目明显不同的声音制作广告以吸引人们的注意力。最后一段也指出广告独特的音质能立即吸引人们的注意,因此D正确。A是将音量保持到最高的技巧,因而与题意不符;C明显与文中的表述相悖;B不能由文章推出。

  5.作者在文章中想要告诉我们________________。

  A)电视广告是怎样改变声音来吸引观众的注意力的

  B)电视广告的大声音是怎样被克服的

  C)广告商是怎样控制电视广告的声音特性的

  D)声音吸引人的注意力的特性是怎样在电视广告中得以运用的

  [D]询问文章主旨。从全文来看,作者一开始就提出“为什么商业广告的声音听起来那么大”的问题,然后剖析其中的原因,说明技术人员是怎样利用有特质的声音来制作广告的。因此,D正确。

  附:专八阅读理解怎么做?

  1.善于寻找线索

  在复读解答试题时,考生要根据有关线索查找与试题有关的章节,有三种线索可以帮助尽快找到文中的信息。

  (1) 从试题的题干中找线索,即找到题干中的关键词,然后在文中找到相同的关键词或与关键词有关的词语,往往答案就在附近。

  (2) 从试题的四个选项中找线索。有时试题的题干中找不到什么线索,如:

  Which of the following statements is (not) true?

  The passage is mainly about .

  From the passage we may infer that .

  这时考生可以从四个选择项中去寻找线索。根据通读的初步印象,决定哪一选项最接近正确答案,就先从这个选项中寻找线索,然后回到文中去查找。如果不一致,就对下一个最为可能是答案的选项进行尝试,依次类推,直至找到正确答案。

  (3) 从文中找线索。有时从试题中找不到线索,就只能到文中去找了。要善于找到文中的关键词及与试题关系较密切的段落、篇章,尽快找到答案。事实上,这种快速定位关键词的能力是在平时逐渐锻炼成的。因此,平时多练,考试时的效果就会很好。

  2.善于寻找同义答案,解答细节题

  细节题在阅读理解试题中占了相当大的比例,它的答案一般是同义性的,即试题中的选项在文中可直接找到,但它以另一种形式出现,表示相同的意义,或者是对原意的解释。这种同义形式往往有三种情况:

  (1) 同义单词。即同义词、近义词或同一词根变换成不同词性。

  (2) 同义词组。包括动词词组、介词短语等等。

  (3) 同义结构。有时用不同句型,如: spend ... (in) doing 与 It takes ... to do/Although ... 与 ... as ... (虽然,尽管)等等。有时用不同的语法结构,如陈述语气改成虚拟语气,从句形式用非谓语形式来表示等等。

  3.善于抓住主题句,解答主旨题

  主旨题主要考查考生的综合理解能力,要求考生在理解全文的基础上,分析归纳、概括全文或某一段落的主旨大意。这就要求考生抓住文章的主题句。主题句往往有以下几种情况:

  (1) 最常见的位置在段落的开头,即“总起—分述”型。作者往往用一两句话提纲挈领地提出一个论点,然后进行展开。

  (2) 较常见的位置在段落的结尾,即“分述—总结”型。在结论句之前,往往it is clear that ... , thus, in short, as a result, therefore, for this reason等表示推论关系的词语,可以帮助辨认主题句。

  (3) 有时段落的开头和结尾两个位置上同时出现主题句。

  (4) 有时出现在段落中间,往往以这种顺序叙述: 引子→主题句→阐述说明。即先描述一个事例,或提出一个问题,或提出一个反面观点,然后提出作者自己的论点,阐明主题,接着围绕主题展开描述或说明。

  4.经常阅读各类体裁和题材的文章

  TEM8考试的选材原则是:

  (1) 所选题材广泛,包括社会、文化、教育、政治、经济、科普、军事、外交等方面的知识或常识,几乎包含所有考生日常生活、学习中所可能涉及或关心的领域,尽量贴近考生的实际生活经历,其内容及涉及的背景知识不超过考生在其知识范围内所理解的深度。

  (2) 所选体裁多样,包括记叙文、议论文、说明文、描述文、新闻文体等。

  (3) 文章的语言难度控制在教学大纲所规定的要求以内,以当代英美文体为主。所用词汇基本不超过教学大纲规定的范围。

  (4) 尽量选用内容新颖、富有哲理性、思想性并具有可读性的文章。因此,考生在平时不要拘泥于教材内的文章,要广泛阅读,尽量多地接触各种题材和体裁的文章,打好阅读基本功。

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