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中考英语常用不规则动词大汇总
中考英语中有许多不规则动词,它们不能简单通过加ed来获得过去式,你知道的这些不规则动词有哪些呢?百分网小编为大家分享下面的中考英语常用不规则动词大汇总,快来查漏补缺吧!

★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下:
一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
1、过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个)
bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
2、词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
build—built—built
lend—lent—lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent—spent
3、过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个)
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4、把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep—swept—swept
5、把-ell变为-old。(2个)
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6、过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7、过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8、过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9、改变元音字母。(11个)
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10、改变辅音字母。(1个)
make—made—made
11、改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
1、i—a—u变化。(6个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
2、词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3、词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4、过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5、过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
forget—forgot—forgotten
6、过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7、词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8、原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个)
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
come—came—come
become—became—become
run—ran—run
六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
★记忆法二:不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
(come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed)
四、过去式,过去分词相同:
(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾
catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
(5)将stand改为stood
stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
(6)将ay改为aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
(7)将d改为t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
(8)将i改为a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)将ell改为old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
(10)词尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种是不规则的,一种是规则的:
learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n变成过去分词
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词
break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死
八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find找到、发现find/found/found
found创建,成立found/founded/founded
九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
(一)词义相对:
(1)come/came/come来——go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒来
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought买——sell/sold/sold出售,卖
(6)take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought带来
(7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned学习、学会
(8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——find/found/found找到
win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送——get/got/got获得、收到
(二)词义相近:
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败win/won/won赢得、获胜
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,认识
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得
become/became/become变成,成为,变得
go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成
(4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过
pay/paid/paid。支付、交纳
cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
take/took/taken花费
(5)say/said/said说、讲
speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定
talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议论
★记忆法三:
1、无变化,过去式与原形相同。
let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
(shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
2、元音字母的变化。
i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
(strive→strovearise→arose)
i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
o→a:come→came,become→became
oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
3、元音字母组合的变化。
aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
4、元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。
(1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
(2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
(3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
(4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
(5)catch→caught,teach→taught
(6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
5、辅音字母变化。
(1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
(2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
(3)mean→meant,learn→learnt
AAA型:即原型、过去式和过去分词都相同
口诀1:(三句口诀任选一种)(10个单词)
助记口诀①:
花钱cost 切割cut(门窗),(头被)撞击hit,(心)受伤hurt;让let 读书read 放put;安置set 关闭shut 传播spread(厂)
助记口诀②:
2H(hit, hurt) 花钱(cost) 让(let) 3S(set,shut,spread) 放(put)(下)读书(read)(去)切割(cut)
助记口诀③:
让(let)他 放(put)下 砍(cut)刀去 读(read)书,以免 伤害(hurt)头被 撞(hit),还要 花钱(cost)安置(set) 关闭(shut) 传播(spread)厂。
AAA型(原形→原形→原形)
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
cost cost cost 花费,值
cut cut cut 切,割
hit hit hit 撞,击
hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛
let let let 让
put put put 放
read read read 读
set set set 安排,安置
shut shut shut 关闭
spread spread spread 传播,散布
注意:read ---read--- read发音分别是: [ri:d]---[red]---[red]
AAB型:即原型和过去式相同
口诀2:
打败天下无敌手,分加en(1个单词)
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
beat beat beaten 打败
ABA型:即原型和过去分词相同
口诀3:
跑、来、成为、超越,元音字母变成a(4个单词)
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
become became become 成为
come came come 来
run ran run 跑
overcome overcame overcome 超越
ABB型:即过去式和过去分词相同
口诀4:
教书被抓,有a则a, aught (2个单词)
原形→aught →aught
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
catch caught caught 捉,抓
teach taught taught 教
口诀5:
想带来买(个)打架,无a则o, ought (4个单词)
原形→ought →ought
原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
fight fought fought 打架
think thought thought 思考
口诀6:
加速射击喂牛遇见领导,“过分”后一个元音字母去掉
了。(“过分”指过去式和过去分词)(5个单词)
speed(加速)---sped--sped
(speed(加速)---speeded--speeded)
shoot(射击)---shot--shot
feed(喂养,饲养---fed---fed
meet(遇见)---met---met
lead(带路,领路--led---led
口诀7:
坐下临时照看(想)吐痰,“过分”i变a。(3个单词)
sit(坐)---sat---sat,
babysit(代人临时照顾婴孩)---babysat---babysat
spit(吐痰)---spat---spat
口诀8:
挖刺(粘贴)悬挂,原形中间的元音字母变成u。(3个单词)
dig(挖)---dug---dug ,
hang(悬挂)---hung---hung,
stick(粘贴,将……刺入)---stuck---stuck
口诀9:
①(清洁工)睡觉(时还)保持打扫(的)感觉(却)睡过头(eep,eel中间去个e末尾加个t)(5个单词)
②我觉(feel)得,卫生靠平时保持(keep),睡觉(sleep)时就不要想着扫(sweep)地了,可以睡过头(oversleep)。
feel(觉)---felt---felt
keep(保存)---kept---kept
sleep(睡)---slept---slept
oversleep(睡过头)---overslept---overslept
sweep(扫)---swept---swept
口诀10:
①建造借出送花费,“过分”都是原形末尾的d变t。(4个单词)
②我花钱(spend)建造(build)的房子,可以借(lend)给你 ,不能送(send)给你。
build(造)---built---built
lend(借)---lent---lent
send(邮寄,发送)---sent---sent
spend(花费)---spent---spent
口诀11:
丢失闻拼写原形末尾的字母换成t。(3个单词)
lose(丢失)---lost---lost
smell(嗅)---smelt--smelt
spell(拼写)---spelt---spelt
口诀12:
①梦见着火学习对付意思,“过分”原形后面加个t,梦见着火学习点燃也可以加ed。(6个单词)
②“‘燃烧’(burn)意思是(mean)什么?” 我没有学会(learn),我做梦(dream)了,该怎么对付(deal)
burn(着火)---burnt---burnt,
dream(做梦)---dreamt---dreamt,
learn(学习)---learnt---learnt,
deal(对付)---dealt---dealt
mean(意思是)---meant---meant
light(点燃)---lighted/---lighted,
light(点燃)---lit/---lit,
口诀13:
听见“过分”直接加个d, 制造是k变d。(2个单词)
hear(听见)---heard---heard
make(制造)---made---made
口诀14
①放置(产卵)说付钱,ay变成aid。(3个单词)
②一只下蛋(lay)的鹅说(say):“赶快付钱(pay)”。
lay(放,搁)---laid---laid,
pay(付报酬)---paid---paid,
say(说,讲)---said---said
口诀15:
照耀赢了,i变o,发现i变为ou。(3个单词)
shine(照耀)---shone---shone
win(赢)---won---won,
find(发现)---found---found
口诀16:
①站立理解an变为oo。(2个单词)
②站(stand)着就听明白(understand)了。
stand(站立/忍受/坐落)---stood---stood,
understand(理解)---understood---understood
口诀17:
①告诉卖(老头)ell变old。(2个单词)
②告诉(tell)他不要卖(sell)那个老古董。
sell(卖)---sold---sold
tell(告诉)---told---told
口诀18:
得到握住e,o互换,have的ve变为d, leave的ave变为ft。(4个单词)
get(成为/得到/到达)---got---got
hold(握,抓住)---held---held
have(有/吃/进行)---had---had
leave(离开/遗留/剩下)---left---left
ABC型:即原型、过去式和过去分词不相同
口诀19:
①游泳喝酒唱歌开始打电话(谁知)下沉了。i---a---u(原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变为a,在过去分词中变为u。)(6个单词)
②铃响(ring)后,开始(begin)唱歌(sing),游泳(swim)时,不要喝(drink)太多的水,否则会下沉(sink)的。
begin(开始,着手)---began---begun
drink(喝,饮)---drank---drunk
ring(响铃/打电话)---rang---rung
sing(唱歌)---sang---sung
sink(下沉)---sank---sunk
swim(游泳)---swam---swum
口诀20:
①长大后画画知道扔吹飞,过变ew,分加n(以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在过去式中变成ew,过去分词则在原形后加-n。)(6个单词)
②长(grow)大后,才知道(know),不要乱扔(throw)乱吹(blow)乱画(draw)。
blow(刮风)---blew---blown
grow(成长/种植)---grew---grown
know(知道)---knew---known
throw(投)---threw---thrown
draw(绘画)---drew---drawn
fly(飞)---flew---flown
注意:飞
口诀21:
生育穿戴,ear过变ore,分变orn(原形-ear,过去式-ore,过去分词-orn。)(2个单词)
bear(生育)---bore---born
wear(穿)---wore---worn
口诀22:
偷盗醒来结冰打破选择说忘记,过去元音变成o,偷盗打破说未成还要e尾随,分词“过”后加n。(7个单词)
break(打破)---broke---broken,
choose(选择)---chose---chosen,
freeze(结冰)---froze---frozen,
speak(说)---spoke---spoken,
forget(忘记)---forgot---forgotten,
steal(偷盗)---stole---stolen,
wake(醒来)---woke---woken,
注意:忘记分词要双写t
口诀23:
升起驾驶骑车写字,过i变o(眼睁大),分加en, 注意骑车写字双写辅音(d和t)。(4个单词)
rise(升起/出现)---rose----risen
drive(驾驶/驱赶)---drove---driven
ride(骑)---rode---ridden
write(写)---wrote---written
口诀24:
规则的撒谎,不规则的躺,躺下就下蛋,下蛋不规则。(3个单词)
lie(躺/平放/位于)---lay---lain,
lie (撒谎、说谎)---lied ---lied
lay (放置,产卵,下蛋)---laid ---laid
口诀25:
是给吃看见落下,隐藏弄错摇动拿,分词结尾是en。(9个单词)
be(是)---was/were---been
give(给)---gave---given
eat(吃)---ate---eaten
see(看见)---saw---seen
fall(落下)---fell---fallen
hide(隐藏)---hid---hidden
mistake(弄错)---mistook---mistaken
shake(摇动)---shook---shaken
take(拿)---took---taken
口诀26:其他变化形式(3个)
do, did, done, go, went, gone, 我们常常见;show,showed,shown展示看
do(做/干)---did---done
go(去/到达)---went---gone
show(出示)---showed---shown
没有过去分词的动词(情态动词)
口诀27:
can(能/可能)---could, may(可以/可能)---might
shall(将/会)---should, will(将/愿意)---would
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