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英语里的礼貌用语短语

时间:2022-10-21 15:16:05 英语短语 我要投稿

英语里的礼貌用语短语

  礼貌用语是指在语言交流中使用具有尊重与友好的词语。礼貌用语是尊重他人的具体表现,是友好关系的敲门砖。老外的礼貌用语,与我们中文表达不太一样,下面,不妨一起去学习一下,外国人的礼貌用语短语。下面是小编帮大家整理的英语里的礼貌用语短语,希望能够帮助到大家。

英语里的礼貌用语短语

  In sociolinguistics and conversation analysis (CA), politeness strategies are speech acts that express concern for others and minimize threats to self-esteem ("face") in particular social contexts.

  在社会语言学角度与会话分析角度下,礼貌策略指的是一种在特定社会背景下表达对他人的感受且将威胁自尊(面子)降低至最小程度的说话方式。

  Positive politeness strategies are intended to avoid giving offense by highlighting friendliness. These strategies include juxtaposing criticism with compliments, establishing common ground, and using jokes, nicknames, honorifics, tag questions, special discourse markers (please), and in-group jargon and slang.

  积极礼貌策略旨在强调友善以避免冒犯,其中包括:扬抑并举、建立共同点、笑话、昵称、敬语、附加疑问句、特殊话语标记(如:请)、圈内行话等。

  Negative politeness strategies are intended to avoid giving offense by showing deference. These strategies include questioning, hedging, and presenting disagreements as opinions.

  消极礼貌策略旨在表示尊敬以避免冒犯,其中包括:询问、说话留余地、用提议的方式表示反对。

  Examples and Observations

  举例与评析

  “Shut up!” is rude, even ruder than “Keep quiet!” In the polite version, “Do you think you would mind keeping quiet: this is, after all, a library, and other people are trying to concentrate,” everything in italics is extra. It is there to soften the demand, giving an impersonal reason for the request, and avoiding the brutally direct by the taking of trouble.

  “闭嘴”这种说法很粗鲁,甚至比“保持肃静”还粗鲁。用礼貌的话来说,应该是“你介意保持安静吗?毕竟这里是图书馆,大家都是来这里专心学习的。”斜体的部分都是多余的。句中的斜体词都是为了缓和语气之用,给出一个非个人的原因,避免产生麻烦。

  再让我们多看一些例子

  "Professor, I was wondering if you could tell us about the Chamber of Secrets."

  “教授,你能多跟我们讲讲《哈利波特与密室》这部电影吗?”

  "Would you mind stepping aside? I got a purchase to make."

  “麻烦让一让好吗?我要买这个东西。”

  "'Sir,' the gentleman asked with a twang in his voice that was unmistakably Southern, 'would it bother you terribly if I joined you?'"

  “‘先生’,这位男士的声音里带有鼻音,没有猜错的话应该是南方口音,‘我加入你们会给麻烦你们吗?’”

  "'Laurence,' said Caroline, 'I don't think I'm going to be much help to you. I've had enough holiday-making. I'll stay for a couple of days but I want to get back to London and do some work, actually. Sorryto change my mind but--'”

  “‘劳伦斯’,凯罗林说,‘我恐怕帮你不了你太多。我的假期已经够长了。我还会再留几天,但是我真的想回伦敦工作了。很抱歉我改变了心意,但是……’”

  总结一下上文几个例子中出现的礼貌委婉用语:

  1、用来提出建议,可以说:

  I was wondering if you could...

  2、用来提出要求,可以说:

  Do you think you would mind...

  Would you mind...

  Would it bother you (terribly/heavily...) to...

  3、用来推脱,可以说:

  I don't think...

  Sorry to...but...

  4、用来提出不同看法,可以说:

  I don't think...

  英语日常用语短语

  一、Identifying Objects 辨别物品

  31. What’s this? 这是什么?

  32. It’s a pen. 是支笔。

  33. Is this your handbag? 这是你的手提包吗?

  34. No, it isn’t. / Yes, it is. 不,它不是。/是的,它是。

  35. Whose pen is this? 这是谁的笔?

  36. It’s Kate’s. 是凯特的`。

  37. Is that a car? 那是一辆小汽车吗?

  38. No, it isn’t. It’s a bus. 不,那是一辆公共汽车。

  39. What do you call this in English? 这个用英语怎么说?

  40. What is the color of your new book? 你的新书是什么颜色的?

  41. How big is your house? 你的房子有多大?

  42. How long is the street? 这条街有多长?

  43. What’s the name of the cat? 这猫叫什么名字?

  44. Where’s the company? 那个公司在哪儿?

  45. Which is the right size? 哪个尺码是对的?

  二、About Belongings 关于所有物

  46. What’s this? 这是什么?

  47. It’s an air-conditioner. 这是空调。

  48. Is this yours? 这是你的吗?

  49. Yes, it’s mine. 是的,是我的。

  50. Where are my glasses? 我的眼镜在哪儿?

  51. Do you know where I’ve put my glasses? 你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗?

  52. Over there. 在那边。

  53. On the desk. 在桌上。

  54. Is this your pen? I found it under the desk. 这是你的笔吗?我在桌下捡的。

  55. No. Mine is blue. 不是。我的是蓝的。

  56. Which is your bag? 哪个是你的包?

  57. The bigger one. 大些的那个。

  58. The one on your right. 你右边的那个。

  59. Are these books all yours? 这些书全是你的吗?

  60. Some of them are mine. 一部分是我的。

  三、Greetings 问候语

  1. Hello! / Hi! 你好!

  2. Good morning / afternoon / evening! 早晨(下午/晚上)好!

  3. I’m Kathy King. 我是凯西金。

  4. Are you Peter Smith? 你是彼得史密斯吗?

  5. Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. 是,我是。/ 不,我不是。

  6. How are you? 你好吗?

  7. Fine, thanks. And you? 很好,谢谢,你呢?

  8. I’m fine, too. 我也很好。

  9. How is Amy / your wife / your husband? 爱米好吗?/你妻子好吗?/你丈夫好吗?

  10. She is very well, thank you. 她很好,谢谢。

  11. Good night, Jane. 晚安,简。

  12. Good-bye, Mike. 再见,迈克。

  13. See you tomorrow. 明天见。

  14. See you later. 待会儿见。

  15. I have to go now. 我必须走了。

  四、Expression In Class 课堂用语

  16. May I come in? 我能进来吗?

  17. Come in, please. 请进。

  18. Sit down, please. 请坐。

  19. It’s time for class. 上课时间到了。

  20. Open your books and turn to page 20. 打开书,翻到第20页。

  21. I’ll call the roll before class. 课前我要点名。

  22. Here! 到!

  23. Has everybody got a sheet? 每个人都拿到材料了吗?

  24. Any different opinion? 有不同意见吗?

  25. Are you with me? 你们跟上我讲的了吗?

  26. Have I made myself clear? 我讲明白了吗?

  27. Could you say it again? 你能再说一遍吗?

  28. Any questions? 有什么问题吗?

  29. That’s all for today. 今天就讲到这里。

  30. Please turn in your paper before leaving. 请在离开前将论文交上。

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