2016年英语四级翻译真题及答案
在平平淡淡的日常中，我们都离不开试题，借助试题可以为主办方提供考生某方面的知识或技能状况的信息。什么类型的试题才能有效帮助到我们呢？下面是小编收集整理的2016年英语四级翻译真题及答案，欢迎阅读与收藏。
篇一：高考
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
全国大学人学考试(the National College EntranceExamination)，俗称高考，是每年夏天都会举行的一种学术考试，有数百万的考生参加，其中大多数都是高中学生。高考对于那些完成高中教育，想进入大学、学院和其他高等教育机构进行深造的学生来说是一个重要的考试。当学生们的总成绩超过他们所申请的学校的分数线(admission scores line)时，他们就被允许进入自己选择的大学。如果不能取得所需的最低分数，他们可能就无法进人自己选择的大学，甚至失去上大学的机会。
参考译文：
The National College Entrance Examination,commonly known as Gaokao, is an academic testingevent held every summer and joined by millions ofparticipants, a majority of whom are high-schoolstudents. It is an important exam for those who haveaccomplished high-school education and want to go to universities, colleges and other highereducational institutions. Students are allowed to enter the college(s) of their choice when theiroverall scores pass the admission scores line for schools they apply for.If they fail to obtainthe minimum admission scores line, they might not be able to enter the college(s) of their choiceor even lose the chance to attend university.
1.考生：可译为participants.
2.当学生们的总成绩超过他们所申请的学校的分数线时，他们就被允许进入自己选择的大学：“总成绩”可译为overall scores：“申请”可译为apply for：“分数线”可译为admission scores line.
3.如果不能取得所需的最低分数，他们可能就无法进入自己选择的大学，甚至失去上大学的机会：“不能”可用fail to do来表达：“取得”可译为obtain：“上大学”可译为attend university.
篇二：蜡染
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
据说在中国，蜡染(wax printing)早在秦末或者汉初就已经出现，但它最初作为成品出现是在唐朝。蜡染是“丝绸之路”的商品之一，这些商品被出口到欧洲和其他地方。蜡染在中国是代代传承下来的。它是苗族(Miao ethnic minority)独特的绘画和手工染色工艺。作为中国最具有民族特色的艺术之一，蜡染产品的种类很多，有墙上挂饰、邮包、书包、桌套等等。
参考译文：
It is believed that wax printing appeared in China asearly as the late Qin or early Han Dynasty, but it firstoccurred as a finished product during the TangDynasty. It was one of “the Silk Road" goods thatwere exported to Europe and elsewhere.Wax printinghas been passed down from generation to generation in China. It is a unique drawing anddyeing handwork of the Miao ethnic minority. As one of the most characteristic national artsin China, wax printing products are various including wall hangings, letter bags, bags, table-clothes and so on.
1.据说在中国，蜡染早在秦末或者汉初就已经出现：“据说”可译为it is said that 或it is believed that.表示时间状语的词“秦末”和“汉初”分别可译为the late Qin Dynasty和the early Han Dynasty.“早在”可翻译为as early as.
2.但它最初作为成品出现是在唐朝：该句中的“出现”可译为occur，避免与上文重复，其是不及物动词。“成品”可译为afinished product，动词的过去分词可以表示动作已完成。
3.蜡染在中国是代代传承下来的：“代代”可译为from generation to generation，from…to意为“从一个到另一个 ”流传”可译为pass down.
4.中国最具有民族特色的艺术之一：“最…之一”可翻译为“one of the+形容词最高级”的形式。“民族特色的艺术”可译为characteristic national art.
英语四级听力真题答案
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.
B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.
C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.
D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.
2. A) At Mary Johnson’s. C) In an exhibition hall.
B) At a painter’s studio. D) Outside an art gallery.
3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.
B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.
C) The man had better talk with the students himself.
D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.
4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.
B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.
C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.
D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.
5. A) He doesn’t get on with the others. C) He has been taken for a fool.
B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm. D) He has found a better position.
6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.
B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.
C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.
D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.
7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.
B) The man’s apartment is ready for rent.
C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.
D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.
8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call.
B) The woman is waiting for a call.
C) The woman is doing some repairs.
D) The man knows the mechanic very well.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) She had a job interview to attend.
B) She was busy finishing her project.
C) She had to attend an important meeting.
D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.
10. A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.
B) Hand in her roommate’s application form.
C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.
D) Help her roommate with her report.
11. A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located. C) Directions to the classroom building.
B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quite well.
B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extra hours.
13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00 one.
B) The 6:30 one. D) The 7:30 one.
14. A) It is an awful waste of time.
B) He finds it rather unbearable.
C) The time on the train is enjoyable.
D) It is something difficult to get used to.
15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to the daily news.
B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning the day’s work.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. A) Ignore small details while reading.
B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.
C) Develop a habit of reading critically.
D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. A) Choose one’s own system of marking.
B) Underline the key words and phrases.
C) Make as few marks as possible.
D) Highlight details in a red color.
18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again.
B) By reviewing only the marked parts.
C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.
D) By comparing notes with their classmates.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.
B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.
C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.
D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.
B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due to an accident.
21. A) His extraordinary physical condition.
B) His mother’s injury just before his birth.
C) The unique surroundings of his living place.
D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22. A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.
B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.
C) She developed a strong interest in finance.
D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.
23. A) She made a wise investment in real estate.
B) She sold the restaurant with a substantial profit.
C) She got 1.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.
D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. A) She was extremely mean with her money.
B) She was dishonest in business dealings.
C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.
D) She abused animals including her pet dog.
25. A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.
B) She built a hospital with her mother’s money.
C) She made huge donations to charities.
D) She carried on her family’s tradition.
Section C
Direction: In the section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are (26)______ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to (27)______ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly (28)_______. Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the (29)______ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombian, a speaker of English would have to know that when he (30)________ height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is (31)_______ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand (32)_________ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter, in Colombia this gesture is (33)_________ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand (34)_________ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also (35)________ moment. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.
Part Ⅰ Writing
The First Place I Will Show in My Hometown—the Central Avenue
My hometown is Harbin. The most interesting place which I would like to take my foreign friends to is the Central Avenue, if they come to my hometown. The reasons for this can be illustrated as below.
To begin with, as the symbol of Harbin, the Central Avenue not only has a long history, but also a famous food palace. There are a variety of delicious foods for you to choose. Just take the ice-cream brick of Ma Dieer as an example. Many of tourists to the Central Avenue sing their praises for the ice-cream brick of Ma Dieer. In addition, the brilliant historic culture of the Central Avenue can widen people’s vision and enhance their knowledge, which lays a solid foundation for the understanding of this fabulous city—Harbin.
I believe my foreign friends will enjoy themselves in the Central Avenue. Not only can they appreciate the wonderful landscape of Harbin but also taste authentic northeast food. No better place can be chosen than the Central Avenue!
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1-5: BDDCD
6-10: ADBAC
11-15: ACBCA
16-20: DABDC
20-25: BCDAB
26. identical
27. approach
28. back and forth
29. opposite
30. indicates
31. referring to
32. parallel to
33. reserved
34. at the right angle
35. embarrassing
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.
[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.
[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.
[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”
[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.
[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.
[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.
[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.
[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.
[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.
[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.
36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.
37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.
38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.
39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.
40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.
41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.
42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.
43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.
44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.
45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.
答案：
36.D
37. J
38. L
39. A
40. E
41. K
42. I
43.B
44. G
45. C
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