中考英语语法(句子类型)

中考英语语法(句子类型) | 楼主 | 2017-07-14 14:19:43 共有3个回复
  1. 1中考英语语法汇总——句子的类型
  2. 2【中考英语语法大汇总】:句子的类型复合句
  3. 3中考英语语法讲解资料及练第13讲:句子的种类(二)

深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节,深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节,常用状语从句有以下几种类型,中考英语语法大汇总句子的类型,和指人在从句中作主语不能省略,指物在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。

中考英语语法汇总——句子的类型2017-07-14 14:17:45 | #1楼回目录

深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节

【中考英语语法汇总】句子的类型(一)句子类型概述

句子的类型一共有三种:简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句中的宾语从句与状语从句是中考的重要考查内容。

宾语从句考点:(1)一连词的选择;(2)主句与从句时态的呼应;(3)宾语从句的语序问题;(4)宾语从句和状语从句的区分。

状语从句考点:(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题;(2)连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词:while/as/when引导时间状语从句;because/since/as/for引导原因状语从句;if/unless引导条件状语从句;so...that/such...that引导结果状语从句等。

(二)基础知识梳理

1.简单句

只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。如:

NeitherBrucenorSusancanspeakFrench.

Motherboughtanewschoolbagformeatthebeginningofthisterm.

2.并列句

由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。常见的并列连词有and,but,or,so,for等。如:

Gostraightonandyouwillfindatoilet.

Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIcan't.

Hurryoryouwillbelate.

Shepracticeseveryday,sosheplaysthepianoverywell.

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.

3.复合句

由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。主句是句子的主体,从句是句子的一个成分,不能独立使用。下面总结一下初中阶段的主要从句。

1)宾语从句

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词有以下几种形式:

(1)由that引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,没有实际意义,可以省略。如:

Weknow(that)therearetwokindsofsports.

Hedecided(that)hewasnotgoingtosayanythingaboutit

(2)由whether或if(是否)引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,但不能省略。如:

细节决定未来1

深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节

Nooneknowswhether/iftheyhavedecidedonthedateofthemeeting.

(3)由连接代词who,whom,what,which,whose和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导的宾语从句,这些连接词除了起连接主句和从句的作用外,还可在句中充当某个成分,不能省略。如:

CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestsubwaystation?

Shetoldmewhatshehadseeninthemuseum.

(4)由it作形式宾语的从句。如:

Ithinkitnecessarythateverybodyshouldtryhisbesttohelpfightpollution.

(5)由形容词sorry,afraid,sure,glad等引出的宾语从句。如:

WeweresurprisedthatPeterwasthefirsttocome.

Iamsurethatyouwillbeasucceinthefuture.

2)状语从句

在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。常用状语从句有以下几种类型:

(1)由when,while,as,since,until,assoonas等连词引导的时间状语从句。如:It'smorethantenyearssincetheycametoShanghai.

PleasesendmeanE-mailassoonasyouarriveinSwitzerland.

(2)由if,unless等词引导的条件状语从句。如:

Weshallgoforapicnicifitdoesn'traintomorrow.

Iwon'tbuythedreunleitfitsmewell.

(3)由because,since,as,nowthat等词引导的原因状语从句。如:

Heaskedforleavebecausehehadtoseethedentist.

Nowthateveryoneishere,shallwebeginourdiscussion?

(4)由though/although引导的让步状语从句。如:

Althoughitwasverylate,hewentonworking.

(5)由sothat,inorderthat引导的目的状语从句。如:

HeranasfastashecouldsothatthepeopleinAthenscouldlearnthenewsearlier.

(6)由so...that,such...that等词引导的结果状语从句。如:

Heransoquicklythatwecouldn'tkeepupwithhim.

Thebusbrokedown,sowehadtowalktothecinema.

Englishissuchausefullanguagethatitisspokeninmanycountries.

(7)比较状语从句。常用的句型有as...as与morethan结构。

3)定语从句

在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句。定语从句一般直接跟在被修饰的名词之后。被修饰的名词称为“先行词”。定语从句一般由关系代词who,whom,that,which引导,它位于先行词与定语从句之间,本身又在定语从句中充当某个成分。

细节决定未来

2

深度关注孩子成长的每一个细节

如:

先行词关系代词作主语

先行词关系代词作宾语

(1)who和whom指人,who在从句中作主语,不能省略。而whom在从句中作宾语,一般可以省略。如:

Thewomanwhowillgiveusatalktomorrowisafamousprofessor.

Doyouknowthegirl(whom)wemetoutsidetheschoolgate?

(2)which指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:Thestorywhichtellsaboutthreemonkeysisveryinteresting.

Themagazine(which)Iborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlypublished.

(3)that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:Thepicturesthathangonthebackwallwereallpaintedbyher.

Therestaurants(that)theyhavesetuparewelcomedbychildren.

(4)如果先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词all,everything,nothing等以及only修饰时,关系代词必须用that。如:

Allthatweneedisfreshwater.

I'llneverforgetthefirstjobthatIfound.

JudyisthemosthonestgirlthatIhaveeverseen.

细节决定未来

3

【中考英语语法大汇总】:句子的类型复合句2017-07-14 14:17:21 | #2楼回目录

【中考英语语法大汇总】:句子的类型

(一)句子类型概述

句子的类型一共有三种:简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句中的宾语从句与状语从句是中考的重要考查内容。

宾语从句考点:(1)一连词的选择;(2)主句与从句时态的呼应;(3)宾语从句的语序问题;(4)宾语从句和状语从句的区分。

状语从句考点:(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题;(2)连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词:while/as/when引导时间状语从句;because/since/as/for引导原因状语从句;if/unless引导条件状语从句;so...that/such...that引导结果状语从句等。

(二)基础知识梳理

1.简单句

只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。如:

NeitherBrucenorSusancanspeakFrench.

Motherboughtanewschoolbagformeatthebeginningofthisterm.

2.并列句

由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。常见的并列连词有and,but,or,so,for等。如:

Gostraightonandyouwillfindatoilet.

Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIcan't.

Hurryoryouwillbelate.

Shepracticeseveryday,sosheplaysthepianoverywell.

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.

3.复合句

由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。主句是句子的主体,从句是句子的一个成分,不能独立使用。下面总结一下初中阶段的主要从句。

1)宾语从句

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词有以下几种形式:

(1)由that引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,没有实际意义,可以省略。如:

Weknow(that)therearetwokindsofsports.

Hedecided(that)hewasnotgoingtosayanythingaboutit

(2)由whether或if(是否)引导,只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,但不能省略。如:

Nooneknowswhether/iftheyhavedecidedonthedateofthemeeting.

(3)由连接代词who,whom,what,which,whose和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导的宾语从句,这些连接词除了起连接主句和从句的作用外,还可在句中充当某个成分,不能省略。如:

CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestsubwaystation?

Shetoldmewhatshehadseeninthemuseum.

(4)由it作形式宾语的从句。如:

Ithinkitnecessarythateverybodyshouldtryhisbesttohelpfightpollution.

(5)由形容词sorry,afraid,sure,glad等引出的宾语从句。如:

WeweresurprisedthatPeterwasthefirsttocome.

Iamsurethatyouwillbeasucceinthefuture.

2)状语从句

在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。常用状语从句有以下几种类型:

(1)由when,while,as,since,until,assoonas等连词引导的时间状语从句。如:

It'smorethantenyearssincetheycametoShanghai.

PleasesendmeanE-mailassoonasyouarriveinSwitzerland.

(2)由if,unless等词引导的条件状语从句。如:

Weshallgoforapicnicifitdoesn'traintomorrow.

Iwon'tbuythedreunleitfitsmewell.

(3)由because,since,as,nowthat等词引导的原因状语从句。如:

Heaskedforleavebecausehehadtoseethedentist.

Nowthateveryoneishere,shallwebeginourdiscussion?

(4)由though/although引导的让步状语从句。如:

Althoughitwasverylate,hewentonworking.

(5)由sothat,inorderthat引导的目的状语从句。如:

HeranasfastashecouldsothatthepeopleinAthenscouldlearnthenewsearlier.

(6)由so...that,such...that等词引导的结果状语从句。如:

Heransoquicklythatwecouldn'tkeepupwithhim.

Thebusbrokedown,sowehadtowalktothecinema.

Englishissuchausefullanguagethatitisspokeninmanycountries.

(7)比较状语从句。常用的句型有as...as与morethan结构。(参见形容词、副词一章)

3)定语从句

在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句。定语从句一般直接跟在被修饰的名词之后。被修饰的名词称为“先行词”。定语从句一般由关系代词who,whom,that,which引导,它位于先行词与定语从句之间,本身又在定语从句中充当某个成分。如:

Theboywho/thatisreadingunderthetreeismyelderbrother.

先行词关系代词作主语

Thepresentwhich/thatyougavemeformybirthdayisverynice.

先行词关系代词作宾语

(1)who和whom指人,who在从句中作主语,不能省略。而whom在从句中作宾语,一般可以省略。如:

Thewomanwhowillgiveusatalktomorrowisafamousprofessor.

Doyouknowthegirl(whom)wemetoutsidetheschoolgate?

(2)which指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:

Thestorywhichtellsaboutthreemonkeysisveryinteresting.

Themagazine(which)Iborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlypublished.

(3)that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如:

Thepicturesthathangonthebackwallwereallpaintedbyher.

Therestaurants(that)theyhavesetuparewelcomedbychildren.

(4)如果先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词all,everything,nothing等以及only修饰时,关系代词必须用that。如:

Allthatweneedisfreshwater.

I'llneverforgetthefirstjobthatIfound.

JudyisthemosthonestgirlthatIhaveeverseen.

中考英语语法讲解资料及练第13讲:句子的种类(二)2017-07-14 14:17:28 | #3楼回目录

第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com

中考英语语法讲解资料及练习

第13讲:句子的种类(二)

本讲主要讲一下感叹句,祈使句,再顺便提一下强调句.

感叹句注意事项:

感叹句往往由what和how引导。至于what和how的区别则是再好辨别不过了。跟我背一背下面的顺口溜,感叹句你就不再陌生了.

感叹句用法很简单,How和What放句前,How与形、副词类连,What后面名词添.主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见.当然,what感叹句和how感叹句有时可以互相转换。当What修饰单数可数名词时,如果这一名词有形容词修饰,也可用how引导感叹句,但不定冠词a或an需放在形容词之后。如:Whatalargefactory=Howlargeafactoryitis!

祈使句:祈使句所需注意的是:含有第二人称的祈使句的否定句用don't.含有第一、第三人称的祈使句的否定句用Let+not+动词原形或Don'tlet+第三人称代词的宾格或名词。下面稍微提一下常考的强调句:我们学过的强调句是it引导的句子。记住:强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用"who",其余用"that".句式是:Itis(was)被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。判断一个句子是否是强调句,只需看去掉Itbe…that是否还是一个完整的句子。

看下面例题:

Itistwentyyears___MiFengreturnedtoChina.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as答案C.本题易误选为A(that).其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉Itbe…that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉"Itis...that",只剩下tenyearsMiFengreturnedtoChina.不成句。因此本句不是强调句。

句子的种类你掌握的如何?何不试试趁热打铁?

练习:

1.Itwasyesterday_______XiaoMingfinishedallhishomework.

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.at

2.YouarenotinGradeTwo,________you?

A.aren't

B.are

C.do

D.don't

3.Shehasneverreadthebookbefore,_______?

A.hasshe

B.hasn'tshe

C.isshe

D.isn'tshe

第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com

第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com

4.--Iwanttoshoppingthisafternoon.Whataboutyou?___________.A.SodidIB.SoIdidC.SoIdoD.SodoI5.It'stimeforsuppernow.Let's______it.A.stoptohaveitB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.stoppingtohave6._______lovelyshesmiles!A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata7.Thankyoufor_____mewithmyEnglish.A.helpB.helpedC.helpingD.helps8.--Wouldyouplease_______theshoesonthefloor?--I'msorry.Iwon'tdoitagain.A.notthrowB.don'tthrowC.nottothrowD.didn'tthrow9.LilyhasnotvisitedmanyplacesofgreatinterestsinChina.________.A.SohashertwinsisterB.NeitherishertwinsisterC.SohertwinsisterD.Neitherhashertwinsister10.Don't_______booksagain!Youmustbecareful_______nowon.A.lost,fromB.lose,fromC.lost,sinceD.lose,since第一课件网 http://www.oh100.com

实践:

1.WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawthelittleboy_______inthecorner.

A.tostand

B.stands

C.stood

D.standing

2.Itisagreatshameforme_______infrontofsomanypeople.

A.tolaughat

B.tolaughingat

C.tobelaughedat

D.tohavelaughedat

3.Hedarestoclimbthattalltree,________he?

A.doesn't

B.daren't

C.hasn't

D.isn't

4.Please______anythingyoucanrememberabouttheaccident.

A.fillin

B.drawout

C.writein

D.putdown

5.-Willthecloudsliftintheafternoon?--_______.

A.Ihopeso

B.Ihopeit

C.Ihopethat

D.Ihopesuch

6.Wehadtostayathome______theheavyrain.

A.as

B.since

C.becauseof

D.because

7.Theywillvisitourschool______nextweek.

A.sometimes

B.sometime

C.sometimes

D.sometimes

8.Althoughhetriedhard,hewas______maths.

A.goodat

B.doingwellin

C.weakin

http://www.oh100.com erestedin

9.Thestars______inthedaytime.

A.can'tsee

B.can'tbeseen

C.canbeseen

D.see

10.Thiskindofcars_______inShanghai.

A.ismade

B.aremade

C.aremaking

D.ismaking

11.MrBlack'sjustcomebackfromtheEngland,_______he?

A.isn't

B.doesn't

C.hasn't

D.is

12._______tenyearssinceIleftmyhometown.

A.They

B.Itis

C.Therehavebeen

D.Itwas

13.Isthis________lookingfor?

A.youwere

B.thatyouwere

C.whatwereyou

D.whatyouwere

14.TheBlacks_______gototheseasidetohavetheirholidays,butnowtheynolongergothere.

A.wereusedto

http://www.oh100.com edto

http://www.oh100.com ually

D.seldom

15.Don'thurry.Onlyonepersoncanentertheroom________. http://www.oh100.com imeD.ontime

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