中学英语作文写作指南

　　在日常生活或是工作学习中，大家都跟作文打过交道吧，借助作文人们可以实现文化交流的目的。写起作文来就毫无头绪？以下是小编收集整理的中学英语作文写作指南，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

中学英语作文写作指南

　　中学英语作文写作指南

　　开头句型

　　1.As far as ...is concerned就……而言

　　2.It goes without saying that... 不言而喻，...

　　3.It can be said with certainty that... 可以肯定地说......

　　4.As the proverb says，正如谚语所说的，

　　5.It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，...

　　6.It's generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...

　　7.It's likely that ... 这可能是因为...

　　8.It's hardly that... 这是很难的......

　　9.It's hardly too much to say that... 它几乎没有太多的说…

　　10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是

　　11.There's no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认

　　12.Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…

　　13.what's far more important is that... 更重要的是…

　　衔接句型

　　1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...

　　2.As is often the case...由于通常情况下...

　　3.As stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述

　　4.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……

　　5.But it's a pity that... 但遗憾的是…

　　6.For all that...对于这一切...... In spite of the fact that...尽管事实......

　　7.Further, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，...

　　8.However , the difficulty lies in...然而，困难在于…

　　9.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意...

　　10.not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是

　　11.In view of the present station.鉴于目前形势

　　12.As has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的…

　　13.In this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说

　　14.However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is... 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即 …

　　结尾句型

　　1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…

　　2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信…

　　3.All things considered,总而言之 It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......

　　4.Therefore, in my opinion, it's more advisable...因此，在我看来，更可取的是…

　　5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…

　　6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是，....

　　7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论

　　8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好

　　举例句型

　　1.Let's take...to illustrate this.

　　2.let's take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.

　　3. Here is one more example.

　　4.Take … for example.

　　5.The same is true of….

　　6.This offers a typical instance of….

　　7.We may quote a common example of….

　　8.Just think of….

　　常用于引言段的句型

　　1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。

　　2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.多年来，……一直被视为……，但今天的情况有很大的不同。

　　3. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为…

　　4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意这一观点的… I believe….

　　5. My argument for this view goes as follows.我对这个问题的看法如下。

　　6. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展，越来越多…

　　7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….有一个长期运行的辩论，是否…

　　8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…

　　9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者。

　　10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.在给出我的观点之前，我想有必要看看双方的论据。

　　表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法

　　1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.

　　2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.

　　3. A and B differ in….

　　4. A differs from B in….

　　5. The difference between A and

　　B is/lies in/exists in….

　　6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….

　　7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….

　　8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….

　　9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.

　　10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….

　　11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….

　　演绎法常用的句型

　　1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……，但一般，他们可以归结为三个主要的。

　　2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.有许多因素可能占...但以下是最典型的。

　　3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题，但下面的可能是最有效的。

　　4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说，这些优势可以列举如下。

　　5. The reasons are as follows.

　　因果推理法常用句型

　　1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.

　　2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot.

　　3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we've learned a lot.

　　4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we've learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。

　　5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.

　　6.Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.

　　7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.

　　8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight. 吃太多导致超重。

　　英语作文经典开头方式

　　Type1引述他人观点(为提出自己观点铺垫)

　　[1] It is widely(commonly) accepted(hold)+THAT

　　[2] A widely accepted(commonly) hold idea(point of view,viewpoint, opinion,assumption)is +THAT/NP

　　[3] A/The dominant(prevalent, prevailing)idea(see [2])is NP/to DO

　　[4] It is taken for granted+THAT(or:We often/frequently take it for granted THAT)

　　[5] People(The majority) seem to get accustomed to the idea(see [2]),without questioning,THAT )

　　[6] People are willing to regard NP1 as NP2/ADJ

　　[7] People are willing to DO,while reluctant to DO

　　Type2提出异议

　　[1] However (But),…

　　[2] Such idea(see[1-2]),if not entirely ADJ1,is somewhat ADJ2 and needs careful consideration.

　　ADJI=ueasonable,unacceptable, inappropriate,improper,undesirable,etc;

　　ADJ2=misleading,doubtrul, etc

　　[3] In fact(As a matter of fact),…(follow[2])

　　[4] However, it is not (quite, necessarily)the case. (

　　[5] This (It) is not (quite, necessarily) the case and needs to bo fruther considered/discussed.(or:further consideration/discussion)

　　Type3论述的展开:说明原因和理由,层进,举例,转折

　　[1] The reason lies in several aspects, (

　　[2] The reason why+clause+[1, underlined] (

　　[3] There are several remarkable reasons. (

　　[4] 层进in addition, besides, fruthermore, what's more, on the other hand, meanwhile, for one thing…for another; finally, above all, in short.

　　[5] 举例for example, for instance, such (general term) as (specific terms),a typical (striking) example is that, a case in point

　　[6] 转折however, but, nevertheless,on the contrary

　　[7] 条件if , provided that, unless, as long as,etc

　　Type4 就…而言;关于

　　[1] as far as …is/are concemed: As far as current situation is concerned

　　[2] as t the problem as to NP有关…的问题

　　Type5问题

　　[1] Although much effort has been made, the situation is far from satisfactory (or: the problem remains unsolved, little improvement has been achieved)

　　[2] There is a tendency, as recent study (investigation) has pointed out (shown, revealed, indicated),+THAT

　　[3] There is growing concern about +NP

　　[4] It will inevitably (is likely to )result in (lead to ) unwanted (serious) consequence (or NP)

　　[5] Unfortunately,…

　　[6] We will not be able to afford the risk of overlooking the seriousness of the matter.

　　[7] The process, once initiated, is most likely irreversible.

　　[8] We are constantly (frequently) faced with NP (

　　TYPE6重要与必要;(应)注意与重视

　　[1] NP1 is of great importance (necessity, value) in NP2 (or: NP is of enormous significance) (

　　[2] The importance (necessity) of NP (to do sth.) lies in (the fact) that…

　　[3] NP1 plays, as is known, an irreplaceably important role in NP2

　　[4] The irreplaceably important role NP1 plays in NP2 is significant (obvous)

　　[5] NP1 is an indispensable part of NP2)

　　[6] It is important (necessary) to DO (or:THAT)

　　[7] Special attention should be pay to …(or: We should pay special attention to…)

　　[8] What we should take into consideration is +NP

　　Type7行动

　　[1](immediate, emergent, effective) Measures are being taken (has been taken, should be taken) to DO

　　[2] We have made much effort, there is still more we need to make (cf. We have learnt a lot, there is much more we need to lea123)

　　英语作文的结尾方式示例

　　文章结尾的作用是概括全文内容,进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意义表达得更加深刻。

　　文章结尾的形式也是多种多样的,常见的有以下几种:

　　1、首尾呼应,画龙点睛

　　在文章的结尾,把含义较深的话放在末尾,以点明主题,深化主题,起到画龙点睛的效果。如“I Cannot Forget Her” (我忘不了她)的结尾:

　　After her death,I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away,but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.

　　2、重复主题句

　　结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上,达到强调的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”(我爱家乡)的结尾:

　　I love my home town,and I love its people. They too have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.

　　3、自然结尾

　　随着文章的结束,文章自然而然地结尾。如“Fishing”(钓鱼)的结尾:

　　I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours,but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing,we lay down on the river bank,bathing in the sun. We returned home very late.

　　4、含蓄性的结尾

　　用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法,而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的结尾:

　　Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat,but on every face there was a smile.

　　5、用反问结尾

　　虽然形式是问句,但意义却是肯定的,并具有特别的强调作用,引起读者深思。如“Should We Learn to Do Housework?”(我们要不要学做家务?) 的结尾。

　　Everyone should learn to do housework. Don’t you agree,boys and girls?

　　6、指明方向,激励读者

　　结尾表示对将来的展望,或期待读者投入行动。如“Let’s Go in for Sports”(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾:

　　As we have said above,sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter. A sound mind is in a sound body. Let’s go in for sports.

　　文章的结尾没有一定的模式,可以根据表达主题的需要灵活创造。一般的习惯是,一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法;但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语,以便使文章首尾呼应,结构完整。

　　英语作文记叙文写作技巧

　　记叙文是记人叙事的文章,它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果,即我们通常所说的五个" W "( what, who, when, where, why )和一个" H "( how )。记叙文的重点在于"述说"和"描写",因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚,描写生动形象。下面就谈谈英语记叙文的特点和写好记叙文的基本要领。

　　一、记叙文的特点

　　1. 叙述的人称

　　英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过"我"来传达给读者,使人读后感到真实可信,如身临其境。如:

　　The other day, I was driving along the street. Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast. I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side. But it was too late. The car hit my bike and I fell off it.

　　用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受"我"活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:

　　Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard. On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover. Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short. What could he do? Then he had a good idea.

　　2. 动词的时态

　　在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的,这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。

　　3. 叙述的顺序

　　记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高

　　文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。

　　4. 叙述的过渡

　　过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:

　　In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things. Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao. It is really a beautiful city. There are many places of interest to see. But what impressed me most was the suise.

　　The next morning I got up early. I was very happy because it was a fine day. By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red. In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing. The sun was very red, not shining. It rose slowly. At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball. At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.

　　What a moving and unforgettable scene!

　　5. 叙述与对话

　　引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果: (

　　I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something. Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front. I thought maybe someone was knocking the door. I asked who it was but I heard no reply. After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor. I realized it was the cat. I felt released. 这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把"悬念"给冲淡了。可作如下调整:

　　I was in the kitchen cooking something. "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front. Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply. After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor. "It's you." I said, quite released.

　　二、写好记叙文的基本要领

　　1. 头绪分明,脉络清楚 )

　　写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个" W "和一个" H "有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些" W "和" H ",但动笔之前,围绕五个" W "和" H "进行构思是必不可少的。集整理)

　　2. 突出中心,详略得当

　　在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:

　　One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children. They have not eaten for days." I took some food with me and went.

　　When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger. There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger.

　　写好作文五要素：要点+结构+逻辑+语法+亮点

　　1.要点：缺少要点就会扣分。所以要点要做到全，围绕中心。

　　2.结构：中考最流行的结构就是三段式 “观点——要点——总结”让人一目了然。三段式的第一段：简单明了，开门见山，不超过2句话第二段：可以分析原因。第三段：经过第二段的论证，可以得出结论。但请注意，不能完全照抄第一段，要有升华。也可以提出希望和建议等。

　　3.逻辑：通过使用逻辑词体现文章的思路。

　　4.语法：语法是硬性的。如单词的使用，时态等要注意。

　　5.亮点：高级一点的词汇，词组，句型便是我们得到一等文的最有力的绝招。所以一般词汇要限量用。

　　如何开头

　　1. “开门见山”式开头

　　一般来说，文章的开头应尽量做到“开门见山”，即要用简单明了的语言引出文章的话题，使人一开始就能了解文章要说明的内容。

　　① 对于叙事类的文章，可以在开头把人物、时间、事件和环境交代清楚。如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头可以是：Last month，my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us ten hours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us。

　　② 对于论述性的文章，可以在开头处先阐明自己的观点，接着展开进一步的论述。如“The Time and the Money(时间和金钱)”的开头可以是：Most people say that money is more important than time. But I don't think so. First，when money is used up，you can earn it back，but……

　　2. 回忆性开头

　　在描述事件或游记类的文章中，采用回忆性的开头往往更能吸引人的眼球。这种类型的开头中通常含有描述自己心情或情绪的词汇，如never forget (永远无法忘记)、 remember (记得)、unforgettable (难以忘怀的)、 exciting(令人激动的)、surprising(令人惊讶的)、sad (难过的)……如“A Trip to Huangshan(黄山之旅)”的开头还以这样写：I will never forget my first trip to Huangshan. 或It was really an unforgettable experience I had。

　　3. 疑问性开头

　　在叙事类或论述性的文章中，都可采用疑问型开头，这样既可以吸引阅卷者的注意又容易抓住中心。如“Planting Trees(种树)”的开头可以是：Have you ever planted trees? Don't you think planting trees is…… 再如“Traveling Abroad (出国之旅)”的开头可以是：If you have an opportunity to travel abroad, why not consider Singapore?

　　4. 倒叙式开头

　　在有的文章，特别是叙事类的文章中，可以采用倒叙的写作手法，先写出事件的结果，再陈述过程。如“Catching Thieves (捉贼)”的开头可以这样写：I lay in bed in the hospital. I smiled at my friends even though my legs hurt. Do you want to know what happened to me? Let me tell you. It's a …… story。

　　开头经典句子

　　1. 不用说…… It goes without saying that … = (It is) needless to say (that) …. = It is obvious that …. 例：不用说早睡早起是值得的。

　　It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.

　　2. 在各种……之中，…… Among various kinds of …… /= Of all the …, …

　　例︰在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。

　　Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.

　　3. 就我的看法……；我认为……

　　In my opinion, … = To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, …= I am of the opinion that …. 例：In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health. 就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。

　　4. 随着人口的增加…… With the increase/growth of the population, …

　　随着科技的进步…… With the advance of science and technology, …

　　例：With the rapid development of Taiwan’s economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass. 随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。

　　5. ……是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that …

　　……是重要的 It is important / essential (for sb.) to do / that …

　　……是适当的 It is proper (for sb.) to do / that …

　　……是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …

　　例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.

　　It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.

　　我们应当保持公共场所清洁。

　　6. As we know, we students are very tired because of study.

　　7. Just as the saying goes: “Every coin has its two sides”,television has both advantages and disadvantages.正像谚语所说：“任何硬币都有两面”，电视即有优点也有缺点。

　　8. The problem of ...is important/serious/...to us. Now let me talk something about it.

　　9. It is said that + 句子据说… It is reported that + 句子据报道…

　　10. We' re often told that ......But is this really the case ?

　　我们经常被告知......但事实真是这样吗？

　　11. People used to ......however, things are quite different today.

　　过去，人们习惯......但,今天的情况有很大的不同。

　　12. Some people think that ......Others believe that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth in both sides. But we must realize that...

　　一些人认为......另一些人持相反意见。也许双方的观点都有一定道理。但是我们必须认识到......

　　13. 每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.

　　每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.

　　每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.

　　每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened. 每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.

　　例：Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.

　　= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.

　　每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。

　　14. ……the + ~ est + 名词 +（that）+ 主词 + have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read, etc) /

　　……the most + 形容词 + 名词 +（that）+ 主词 + have ever + seen（known/heard/had/read, etc） Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

　　Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

　　Yao Ming is the tallest basketball player that I have ever seen. 姚明是我所见过的最高的篮球运动员 Liu Xiang is the most hardworking sportsman that I have ever seen. 刘翔是我所见过的最勤奋的运动员。

　　15. Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V/Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V

　　Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。

　　Nothing is more important than to protect our environment. 没有什么比环保更重要的事。

　　Nothing is more important than to gain knowledge. 没有什么比学习知识更重要的事。

　　16. …….cannot emphasize the importance of……. too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。） We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

　　我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

　　We cannot emphasize the importance of education.

　　我们再怎么强调教育的重要性也不为过。

　　17. There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的??）

　　There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

　　不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

　　There is no denying that Lin Zhiling is the most charming actress I have ever seen.

　　不可否认，林志玲是我所见过的最有魅力的女演员。

　　18. It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道??）

　　It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.

　　全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

　　19. There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的??）

　　There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

　　毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

　　20. An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（??的优点是??）

　　An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.

　　使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

　　An advantage of taking exercises is that it can make us keep healthy.

　　锻炼身体的优点是它可以让我们保持健康。

　　21. The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（??的原因是??）

　　The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

　　我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

　　22. So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此??以致于??）

　　So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，它经不起我们浪费。

　　So beautiful is Xi Shi that we all like her. 西施是如此美丽，以致于我们都喜欢她。

　　23. Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然??）

　　Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.

　　{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}

　　虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

　　结尾五方式

　　1. 自然结尾，点明主题

　　随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。如“Helping the Policeman (帮助警察)”的结尾可以是：The two children were praised by the police and they felt happy.再如“The Tortoise and the Hare(龟兔赛跑)” 的结尾可以是：When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise had already been there。

　　2. 首尾呼应，升华主题

　　在文章的结尾可以用含义较深的话点明主题，深化主题，起到“画龙点睛”的效果。如“I Love My Hometown(我爱家乡)”的结尾可以是：I love my hometown, and I am proud of it.

　　3. 反问结尾，引起深思

　　这种方式的结尾虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定的，而且具有一定的强调作用，可引起他人的深

　　思。如 “Learning English can give us a lot of pleasure (学英语能为我们带来许多乐趣)” 的结尾可以是：If we learn English well, we can ?Don’t you think learning English is great fun?

　　4. 表达祝愿，阐述愿望

　　这种方式的结尾常出现在书信或演讲稿的文体中，表示对他人的祝福或对将来的展望等。如“A Letter to the Farmers(给农民们的一封信)”的结尾可以是：I hope the farmers' life will be better and better.

　　5. 另外，书信的结尾常有以下形式的祝福语：Best wishes; I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year; I wish you have a good time等。

　　结尾常用句型

　　1、Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that?

　　把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论?

　　2、Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that?

　　考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论?

　　3、Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that?

　　因此，我们最好得出这样的结论?

　　4、There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.

　　毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。

　　5、All in all, we cannot live without? But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.

　　总之，我们没有?是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。

　　6、It is high time that we put an end to the (trend)。

　　该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。

　　7、It is time to take the advice of ? and to put special emphasis on the improvement of ?

　　该是采纳?的建议，并对?的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。

　　8、Only we in this way can we achieve the goal.

　　只有这样我们才能达到我们的目标。

　　常用过渡语

　　1. 表起始的过渡语:first of all, to begin with, in my opinion, according to, so far, as far as等

　　2. 表时间的过渡语:first, at first, then, later, in the end, finally, afterwards, after that, since then, for the first time, at last, as soon as, the next moment, meanwhile, later on, soon, finally等

　　3. 表空间的过渡语:on the right/left, to the right/left of, on one side of… on the other side of…, at the foot/top/end of, in the middle/centre of, next to, far from, in front of等

　　4. 表因果的过渡语:for, because of, one reason is that… another reason is that…, thus, so, as a result (of)等

　　5. 表转折的过渡语:but, yet, however, after all, in fact, while, on the contrary, instead of, unlike, although, otherwise, nevertheless, in spite of, after all等

　　6. 表列举的过渡语:for example, such as, that is, like, as follows, in other words, and so on等

　　7. 表推进的过渡语:what’s more, on one hand… on the other hand…, in addition to, as well, still, also, in other words, not only…but also…, besides, furthermore, moreover等

　　8. 表总结的过渡语:in short, in a word, in general, in brief, in all, on the whole等

　　常用的名言警句

　　1. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩

　　2. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友

　　3. A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半

　　4. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成

　　5. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马

　　6. Easier said than done. 说起来容易,做起来难

　　7. Easy come, easy go. 来得快,去得快

　　8. Every man has his weak side. 人人都有缺点

　　9. Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母

　　10. Look before you leap. 三思而后行

　　11. Nothing in the world is difficult if you set your mind to it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人.

　　12. A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人若无友,就如同生命中没有太阳.

　　13. All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难.

　　14. Always prepare for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪.

　　15. As you sow, so shall you reap. 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆

　　16. I might say that success is won by three things: first, effort; second, more effort; third, still more effort. 成功要靠三件事才能赢得:努力,努力,再努力

　　17. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 有事莫推明天.

　　18. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧

　　19. Bad news has wings. 好事不出门,坏事传千里

　　20. Honesty is the best policy. 做人以诚信为本.

　　21. You have to believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success. 你必须相信自己,这是成功的关键.

　　22. Don’t judge a man by his looks. 不可以貌取人.

　　23. Lost time is never found again. 岁月既往，一去不回。

　　中学英语作文写作高分技巧

　　1、紧扣主题，短文必须包括提纲中的`全部要点;与主题无关或关系不大的字句必须一律删去。

　　2、文章通顺，前后贯通，语言流畅。

　　3、句子开头多样化，句型多样化。

　　4、无句型结构错误，无语法错误和用语造句等方面的错误。

　　5、短文字数不得少于150个字。

　　对考研英语短文的策略：

　　1.分配好短文各部分篇幅比例

　　根据在40分钟内写150词的《大纲》要求，合理分配各部分篇幅比例显得非常重要。篇幅比例安排大致如下：

　　(1)开头：可控制在4句话之内，以2——3句较为适宜。该部分约占全文篇幅的10%——15%。

　　(2)主体：约占全篇短文的70%——80%。

　　(3)结尾：这部分应控制在2——3句话之内，约占全文篇幅10——15%。

　　2.合理分配时间

　　应该切记短文写作时间仅为40分钟，在这较短的时间内考生需完成120——150词的短文。这就要求考生做到有条不紊、忙而不乱，充分发挥自己应有的水平。从而稳操胜券，驾轻就熟，从容应对。建议考生在动笔之前，用5分钟的时间写个提纲理清思路，然后再动笔。此外，要留出5——6分钟来修改抄写。以避免不必要的笔误，给评卷老师留下良好的印象。

　　3.审题——紧扣主题的关键

　　所谓审题，就是正确理解题意，所写短文要紧扣题目要求。从每年的英文短文考题可看出，除了题目外，还有开头第一句话和一个写作提纲。这个写作提纲就是短文的写作具体范围。考生必须以指定的句子开头，按写作提纲规定的要点和顺序(通常是3个要点)往下写。

　　通常3个要点就是写三段话，每段开头(除第一段已给了外)第一句话必须把该段写作提纲中的主要的词或主要意思包括进去，这就是段落中心句。每段其他句子必须紧扣该段的段落中心句，与段落中心句无关的句子或关系不大的句子必须坚决删去。由于写作提纲中所给的3个要点(即关键词)已包括在每段开头的段落中心句(即每段开头的第一句)中，而每段的其他句子又紧扣段落中心句，这就使每段的内容紧扣主题，而不至离开主题去谈别的问题，这就是抓住主题的关键。

　　中学英语作文写作窍门

　　【开头句式】

　　1.开头万能公式一：名人名言

　　有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”，很好办：编!

　　原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?

　　经典句型：

　　A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言)

　　It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言)

　　更多经典句型：

　　As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

　　2. 开头万能公式二：数字统计

　　原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。

　　原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：

　　According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.

　　看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：

　　Honesty

　　根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。

　　Travel by Bike

　　根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。

　　Youth

　　根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。

　　Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?

　　根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

　　更多句型：

　　A recent statistics shows that …

　　【结尾句式】

　　1. 结尾万能公式一：如此结论

　　说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子：

　　Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.

　　如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!

　　更多过渡短语：

　　to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

　　更多句型：

　　Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

　　2. 结尾万能公式二：如此建议

　　如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!

　　Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.

　　这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢?

　　更多句型：

　　Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

　　Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.

　　【写作绝招】

　　写作的“七项基本原则”：

　　1、长短句原则

　　工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：

　　Asa creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet theprimarry need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectualneed of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

　　如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉?牢记!

　　强烈建议：在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短，且先长后短;在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

　　2、主题句原则

　　国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事!

　　特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!

　　To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

　　3、一二三原则

　　领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

　　1)first, second, third, last(不推荐，原因：俗)

　　2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐，原因：俗)

　　3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐，原因：俗)

　　4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐，原因：俗)

　　5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)

　　6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)

　　7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)

　　8)most important of all, moreover, finally

　　9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)

　　10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

　　建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

　　4、短语优先原则

　　写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如：

　　I cannot bear it.

　　可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.

　　I want it.

　　可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.

　　这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

　　5、多实少虚原则

　　原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：

　　走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room

　　但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room

　　小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room

　　小孩走出房间应该说：dance outof the room

　　老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room

　　所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩!

　　6、多变句式原则

　　1)加法(串联)

　　都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：

　　I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.

　　如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：

　　Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.

　　其它的短语可以用：

　　besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

　　2)转折(拐弯抹角)

　　批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

　　The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.

　　The coat was thin, but it was warm.

　　更多的短语：

　　despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

　　3)因果(so, so, so)

　　昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!

　　The snow began to fall, so we went home.

　　更多短语：

　　then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

　　4)失衡句(头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重)

　　有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。

　　举例：This is what I can do.

　　Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.

　　同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：

　　When to go, Why he goes away…

　　5)附加(多此一举)

　　如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他;或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

　　The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

　　I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.

　　Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.

　　其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

　　6)排比(排山倒海句)

　　文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!

　　Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.

　　Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat,the wind and ocean tides.

　　We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)

　　要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

　　7、挑战极限原则

　　既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀!

　　原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：

　　The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

　　Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

　　如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪!

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