材料科学与工程专业英语词汇
在现代科学技术中，材料科学是国民经济发展的三大支柱之一。主要专业方向有金属材料、无机非金属材料、高分子材料、耐磨材料、表面强化、材料加工工程等等。以下是yjbys为大家推荐的材料科学与工程专业英语词汇，希望大家喜欢。
材料科学与工程专业英语词汇 篇1
材料的类型Types of materials, metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, elastomer.
部分材料性质复习(Review of selected properties of materials)
电导率和电阻率conductivity and resistivity,
热导率thermal conductivity,
应力和应变stress and strain,
弹性应变elastic strain,
塑性应变plastic strain,
屈服强度yield strength,
最大抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength,
最大强度ultimate strength,
延展性ductility,
伸长率elongation,
断面收缩率reduction of area,
颈缩necking,
断裂强度breaking strength,
韧性toughness,
硬度hardness,
疲劳强度fatigue strength,
蜂窝honeycomb,
热脆性heat shortness,
晶胞中的原子数atoms per cell,
点阵lattice, 阵点lattice point,
点阵参数lattice parameter,
密排六方hexagonal close-packed,
六方晶胞hexagonal unit cell,
体心立方body-centered cubic,
面心立方face-centered cubic,
弥勒指数Miller indices,
晶面crystal plane,
晶系crystal system,
晶向crystal direction,
相变机理Phase transformation mechanism:
成核生长相变nucleation–growth transition,
斯宾那多分解spinodal decomposition,
有序无序转变disordered-order transition,
马氏体相变martensite phase transformation，
成核nucleation,
成核机理nucleation mechanism,
成核势垒nucleation barrier,
晶核，结晶中心nucleus of crystal,
金属组织的')基体quay,
基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,
子晶，雏晶matted crystal,
耔晶，晶种seed crystal,
耔晶取向seed orientation,
籽晶生长seeded growth,
均质核化homogeneous nucleation,
异质核化heterogeneous nucleation,
均匀化热处理homogenization heat treatment,
熟料grog,
自恰场self-consistent field
固溶体Solid solution:
有序固溶体ordered solid solution,
无序固溶体disordered solid solution,
有序合金ordered alloy,
无序合金disordered alloy.
无序点阵disordered lattice,
分散，扩散，弥散dispersal,
分散剂dispersant,
分散剂，添加剂dispersant additive,
分散剂， 弥散剂dispersant agent
缺陷defect, imperfection,
点缺陷point defect,
线缺陷 line defect, dislocation,
面缺陷interface defect, surface defect,
体缺陷volume defect,
位错排列dislocation arrangement,
位错阵列dislocation array,
位错气团dislocation atmosphere,
位错轴dislocation axis,
位错胞dislocation cell,
位错爬移dislocation climb,
位错滑移dislocation slip, dislocation movement by slip,
位错聚结dislocation coalescence,
位错核心能量dislocation core energy,
位错裂纹dislocation crack,
位错阻尼dislocation damping,
位错密度dislocation density,
体积膨胀volume dilation,
体积收缩volume shrinkage,
回火tempering,
退火annealing,
退火的，软化的softened,
软化退火，软化(处理)softening,
淬火quenching,
淬火硬化quenching hardening,
正火normalizing, normalization,
退火织构annealing texture,
人工时效artificial aging,
细长比aspect ratio,
形变热处理ausforming,
等温退火austempering,
奥氏体austenite,
奥氏体化austenitizing,
贝氏体bainite,
马氏体martensite,
马氏体淬火marquench,
马氏体退火martemper,
马氏体时效钢maraging steel,
渗碳体cementite,
固溶强化solid solution strengthening,
钢屑混凝土steel chips concrete,
水玻璃，硅酸钠sodium silicate,
水玻璃粘结剂sodium silicate binder,
硅酸钠类防水剂sodium silicate waterproofing agent,
扩散diffusion,
扩散系数diffusivity,
相变phase transition,
烧结sintering,
固相反应solid-phase reaction,
相图与相结构phase diagrams and phase structures ,
相phase,
组分component,
自由度freedom,
相平衡phase equilibrium,
吉布斯相律Gibbs phase rule,
吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy,
吉布斯混合能Gibbs energy of mixing,
吉布斯熵Gibbs entropy,
吉布斯函数Gibbs function,
相平衡phase balance,
相界phase boundary,
相界线 phase boundary line,
相界交联 phase boundary crosslinking,
相界有限交联phase boundary crosslinking,
相界反应phase boundary reaction,
相变phase change,
相组成phase composition,
共格相 phase-coherent,
金相相组织 phase constentuent,
相衬phase contrast,
相衬显微镜phase contrast microscope,
相衬显微术phase contrast microscopy,
相分布phase distribution,
相平衡常数phase equilibrium constant,
相平衡图phase equilibrium diagram,
相变滞后phase transition lag, Al-Si-O-N
系统相关系phase relationships in the Al-Si-O-N system,
相分离phase segregation, phase separation,
玻璃分相phase separation in glasses,
相序phase order, phase sequence,
相稳定性phase stability,
相态phase state,
相稳定区phase stabile range,
相变温度phase transition temperature,
相变压力phase transition pressure,
同质多晶转变polymorphic transformation,
相平衡条件phase equilibrium conditions,
显微结构microstructures,
不混溶固溶体immiscible solid solution,
转熔型固溶体peritectic solid solution,
低共熔体eutectoid，crystallization,
不混溶性immiscibility,
固态反应solid state reaction,
烧结sintering,
相变机理Phase transformation mechanism:
成核生长相变nucleation–growth transition,
斯宾那多分解spinodal decomposition,
材料科学与工程专业英语词汇 篇2
A
奥氏体 austenite
奥氏体本质晶粒度 austenite inhorent grain size
奥氏体化 austenitization, austenitii zing
B
白口铸铁 white cast iron
白铜 white brass, copper-nickel alloy
板条马氏体 lath martensite
棒材 bar
包晶反应 peritectic reaction
薄板 thin sheet
薄膜技术 thin film technique
贝氏体 bainite
本质晶粒度 inherent grain size
比强度 strength-to-weight ratic
变质处理 inoculation, modification
变质剂 modifying agent,modificator
表面处理 surface treatment
表面粗糙度 surface roughness
表面淬火 surface quenching
表面腐蚀 surface corrosion
表面硬化 surface hardening
玻璃 glass
玻璃态 vitreous state, glass state
玻璃钢 glass fiber reinforced plastics
玻璃纤维 glass fiber
不可热处理的 non-heat-treatable
不锈钢 stainless steel
布氏硬度 Brinell hardness
C
材料强度 strength ofmaterial
残余奥氏体residual austenite
残余变形 residual deformation
残余应力 residual stress
层状珠光体 lamellar pearlite
超导金属 superconducting metal
成核 nucleate, nucleation
成形forming, shaping
成长 growth, growing
磁材料magnetic materials
冲击韧性 impact toughness
纯铁 pure iron
粗晶粒 coarse grain
脆性 brittleness
脆性断裂 brittle fracture
淬火 quenching, quench
淬透性 hardenability
淬硬性 hardenability
D
带材 baud, strip
单晶 single crystal, unit crystal
单体 monomer, element
氮化层 nitration case
氮化物 nitride
刀具 cutting tool
导磁性 magnetic conductivity
导电性 electric conductivity
导热性 heat conductivity, thermal conductivity
导体 conductor
等离子堆焊 plasma surfacing
等离子弧喷涂 plasma spraying
等离子增强化学气相沉积 Plasma chemical vapour deposition (PCVD)
等温转变曲线 isothermal transformation curve
低合金钢 low alloy steel
低碳钢 low carbon steel
低碳马氏体 low carbon?martensite
低温回火low tempering
点阵常数grating constant, lattice constant
电镀electroplating, galvanize
电弧喷涂 electric arc spraying
电子显微镜 electron microscope
定向结晶directional solidification S
端淬试验end quenching test
断口分析 fracture analysis
断裂强度 breaking strength, fracture strength
断裂韧性 fracture toughness
断面收缩率 contraction of cross sectional area,
锻造 forge, forging, smithing
多晶体 polycrystal
E
二次硬化secondaryhardening
二元合金 binary alloy, two-component alloy