2017小升初英语介词大讲解
英语介词的学习难吗?其实没有同学们想象中的那么难。不过确实须要你释放 ”洪荒之力“跟着yjbys一起来学习呢! 学习介词前，我们须要知道什么是介词。介词是英语中的活跃分子，但不能独立出现，一般放在名词或名词性词语前构成介词短语。许多介词短语都是固定搭配，我们只要熟悉搭配原则，就能举一反三了!
介词可以主要分为以下五个大类：
| 介词种类 | 例词 |
| 时间介词 | at, in, on, before, after, from |
| 方位介词 | at, in, on, under, near, between, behind, beside |
| 方式介词 | by, on, with |
| 动向介词 | to, into, up, down, along, across, over |
| 原因介词 | for, from, of, with |
一、常用时间介词
1.at
表示在几点：at seven o’clock, at a quarter past four, at eleven twenty等。固定搭配单独记：at noon, at night, at the weekend
练习一：
1) My father usually goes to work ________ (at, in, on) 8:00.
2) The party will begin ______ (at, in, on) 2:00pm.
答案：1.on 2.on
2.on
表示在具体某一天：on Monday, on Saturday, On Children’s Day, on June 22, 2006, on weekends
练习二：
1) What is the first lesson________ (at, in, on) Tuesday?
2) Mr. Web will go to Shanghai ______ (at, in, on) Oct. 22nd.
3) He often plays football with his friends _______ (at, in, on) Sunday.
4) Children don’t go to school _______(at, in, on) New Year’s Day.
答案：1.on 2.on 3.on 4.on
3.in
表示在早晨，下午，晚上以及月份，季节，年份,即in+一段时间：in the morning, in the afternoon, in December, in winter, in 2016
练习三：
1) We never go shopping ______ (at, in, on) the evening.
2)We can go swimming_______ (at, in, on) summer.
答案：1.in 2.in
注意: in the morning, in the afternoon，in the evening 如果在这三个短语中加入任何修饰词修饰(morning, afternoon, evening)，其前面的介词都要改为 on, 如:on a cold afternoon, on the morning of July 14th
练习四：
( ) 1. The girl usually plays the piano ________ Saturday morning.
A. on B. in C. at
( )2 .He left home ___ a cold winter evening.
A. at B. on C. in
答案：1.A 2.B
二、常用方位介词
in , on , at 表地点的用法：at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某个范围之内,国家、城市等;on往往表示“在某个物体的表面” ，两者互相接触。
常用的方位介词还有：
over 在某物的上方，两者互相不接触。
under 在某物垂直的'正下方
behind 在某物体的后面
near 在某物体的附近
beside 在······旁边
in front of在......的前面，与behind相反
练习五：
( ) 1. They’re running _______ the playground.
A. at B. in C. on
( ) 2. Can we eat _______ Guangzhou Restaurant today?
A. to B. of C. at
( )3. She studies English ______ Rose School ____ England.
A. at, from B. in, in C. at, in
( )4 .There are many apples ___ the tree. A bird ___ the tree is picking an apple.
A. in ; on B. on ; in C. in ; at
注意:长在树上的用on,外来物用in
答案：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B
三、常用介词的基本用法
1.at
①I go to school at seven o’clock every day. 表示“具体时间点”
②He is standing at the bus stop. 表示“在小地方”
③Please look at me. 固定搭配
④固定搭配：at night 在晚上 at last 最后 at the same time 同时
2.in
①The pencil is in the desk. 表示“在…里面”
②We have four classes in the morning.
固定搭配
③What's this in English? 表示“用”
④in 2002, in spring, in January 表示“在”
⑤Helen is in yellow. 表示“穿着什么颜色的衣服”
⑥固定搭配：in front of 在……前面 in the end 最后 in time 及时
3.on
①There are some apples on the tree. 表示“在…上”
②They go to English class on Sunday. 表示“在”，用在具体某天前
③固定搭配： on duty 值日 on time 准时
4.to
①到，往，向： He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。
②表示时间、数量 “到……为止” Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.
③向，对，给： Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。
5.under
在……下面 What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么?
6.behind
在……之后： There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车
7.after
在……之后： After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。
8.near
靠近，在……附近： My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。
9.by
①在……旁： He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。
②以……方式： I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。
③用于某些固定搭配： one by one 一个接一个 by the way 顺便说一句
10.about
①表示大约时间： It’s about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。
②关于，对于： We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻
11.for
①表示“为，给，替”： I'll make a card for my teacher.
②表示“由于”： Thank you for helping me.
③固定搭配for +三餐： I have bread and milk for breakfast.
12.like
①像……样： what’s your math teacher like?
②怎样： What's the weather like? 天气怎样。
13.of
……的(用于所有格)： This is a photo of my family.
14.with
①表示“和” ： Could you go home with me?
②表示“带有”： Who's that girl with glasses?
四、常见的介词短语
a lot of 许多
ask for 要求
be good at 擅长于
on foot 步行
catch up with 追上
come from 来自
get to 到达
on holiday 度假中
Help yourself to···请随便
one of …之一
这一期我们重点学习了常用的时间介词(at, on, in的区别)和常用的方位介词，以及常用介词的基本用法及固定搭配。
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