2016年同等学力申硕考试英语练习题与答案
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【阅读理解】
篇一：
Iron production was revolutionized in the early eighteenth century when coke was first used instead of charcoal(木炭) for refining iron ore.Previously the poor quality of the iron had restricted its use in architecture to items such as chains and tie bars for supporting arches，vaults (拱顶)，and walls.With the improvement in refining ore, it was now possible to make cast-iron beams and columns.During the nineteenth century further advances were made, notably Bessemer’s process for converting iron into steel，which made the material more commercially feasible.
Iron was rapidly adopted for the construction of bridges, because its strength was far greater than that of stone or timber，but its use in the architecture of buildings developed more slowly.By 1800 a complete internal iron skeleton for buildings had been developed in industrial architecture replacing traditional timber beams，but it generally remained concealed.Apart from its low cost，the appeal of iron as a building material lay in its strength，its resistance to fire，and its potential to span vast areas.As a result，iron became increasingly popular as a structural material for more traditional styles of architecture during the nineteenth century，but it was invariably concealed.
Significantly，the use of exposed iron occurred mainly in the new building types produced by the Industrial Revolution：in factories，warehouses，commercial offices，exhibition halls，and railroad stations，where its practical advantages far outweighed its lack of status.Designers of the railroad stations of the new age explored the potential of iron，covering huge areas with spans that surpassed the great vaults of medieval churches and cathedrals.Paxton’s Crystal Palace，designed to house the Great Exhibition of 1851, covered an area of 1848 feet by 408 feet in assembled units of glass set in iron frames.The Paris Exhibition of 1889 included both the widest span and the greatest height achieved so far with the Halle des Machines，spanning 362 feet，and the Eiffel Tower 1，000 feet high.However，these achievements were mocked by the artists of Paris as expensive and ugly foolishness.Iron，despite its structural advantages，had little aesthetic(审美的) status.The use of an exposed iron structure in the more traditional styles of architecture was slower to develop.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
A) Advances in iron processing in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
B) The effects of the Industrial Revolution on traditional architectural styles.
C) Advantages of stone and timber over steel as building materials.
D) The evolution of the use of iron in architecture.
2.Iron replaced stone and timber in the building of bridges because iron was considered ___________.
A) more beautiful B) new and modern
C) much stronger D) easier to transport
3.According to paragraph 3，the architectural significance of the Halle des Machines was its___________.
A) wide span B) great height
C) unequaled beauty D) assembled units of glass
4.How did the artists react to the buildings at the Paris Exhibition?
A) They tried to copy them. B) They laughed at them.
C) They praised them.D) They refused to pay to see them.
5.It can be inferred that the delayed use of exposed iron structures in traditional styles of architecture is best explained by ______________.
A) the impracticality of using iron for small，noncommercial buildings
B) the association of iron architecture with the problems of the Industrial Revolution
C) the general belief that iron offered less resistance to fire and harsh weather than traditional materials
D) the general perception that iron structures were not beautiful in appearance
【答案解析】
1.D)。通观全文可以看出文章的主题是不是iron，因此可以排除B)和c)。A)的中心词是process，D)是use，文章的主体部分，即第二和第三段是在讲iron在建筑中的作用，因此选D)。
2.c)。题中比较了iron、stone和timber，根据这三个关键词可以找到原文的第二段…its(即iron's)strength was far greater than that of stone or timber一句的意思即it is much stronger。
3.A)。对应原文的第三段，其中提到the Paris Exhibition of 1889具有两大特点the widest span和the greatest height，分别对应the Halle des Machines和the Eiffel Tower。因此答案是A)。
4.B)。根据最后一段倒数第三句话，巴黎的艺术家们说这些建筑是expensive and ugly foolishness，可见mock在此处的意思不是“模仿”，而足“嘲笑”。
5.D) 题干中提到的the delayed use of exposed iron structures in traditional styles of architecture与文章最后一句The use of an exposed iron structure in the more traditional styles of architecture was slower to develop意思是一致的。根据最后一段倒数第二句话所说的little aesthetic status不具备什么审美价值，可选出答案为D)。
篇二：
Four months before Crown Prince Felipe says“si” (‘yes’in Spanish) to television journalist Letizia Ortiz，royal wedding fever is gripping Spain.
Shops are offering the biggest variety of wedding souvenirs (纪念品)，from plates and bottleopeners to copies of the couple’s engagement ring.
The couple have made only a few carefully staged public appearances to reduce the scrutiny(仔细检查).\;
Spanish people waited for more than a decade for the 36-year-old son of King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia to find a suitable bride.And more important，the May 22 wedding will be a landmark event in other ways.
Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano，31，is the daughter of a nurse and a journalist.So, she will be the first commoner on a throne once occupied by Queen Isabella, who sent Christopher Columbus to the Americas.
The pretty，elegant former news anchor(新闻主持人) will also become Spain’s first home-grown queen in more than a century.The lively and professionally accomplished Letizia has been welcomed by Spanish people as a new type of queen for a modern monarchy.
Spanish people were accustomed to seeing her in television news broadcasts and she arouses tremendous curiosity.Journalists are investigating even the most ordinary aspects of her past which resembles that of so many other young Spanish professional women.
Spanish people have also taken note that she tried to interrupt the prince when they talked to the press after getting engaged in November.“Let me talk，” she told the heir to the Bourbon throne.
Such behavior is regarded as uuderstandable in a woman who went to Mexico by herself at age 23 and later reported on the September 11 terrorist attacks and the Iraq war for state television TVE.
Her strong character，frankness and critical mind could also be disadvantages for a royal who is rarely expected to speak her mind，reporters have said.
The palace has struggled to protect her from scrutiny and to give her time to adapt to her new role.
1.By saying“royal wedding fever” (Line 2，Para.1)，the author means“ ______ ”.
A) a lot of royal weddings follow
B) the Spanish people are surprised at the royal wedding
C) the royal wedding makes a stir in the whole country
D) the royal wedding becomes a fashion
2.The most important reason why royal wedding causes such a great interest is that___________.
A) a commoner is married into a royal family B) the prince finally finds his bride
C) a famous TV journalist gets married D) the wedding is expensive
3.Letizia used to be a news anchor who was ____________.
A) world-famous B) frank C) serious D) capable
4.Letizia’s interruption of the prince when they talked to the press was most probably prompted by her____________.
A) curiosity B) innocence C) outspokenness D) rudeness
5.The difficulty for Letizia to fit in the royal life may lie in__________ .
A) how to meet the requirements of the Queen
B) how to change her character to fit in the royal family
C) how to continue her career after marriage
D) how to face her former audience as a princess
【答案解析】
1.C)。royal wedding fever 的说法出现在第一段，因此可以考虑在第一段或者在紧随其后的第二段中找相关解释。第二段举例说国内商店出售很多与 Crown Prince Felipe and Letizia Ortiz 婚礼有关的各种各样的纪念品，可见他们的婚礼给全国带来了轰动。
2.A)。文章第四段 more important 以及 landmark 提示我们这次婚礼的特别之处在下一段会得到进一步的解释。从第五段中的'关键部分 the first commoner on a throne 可得出答案是 A)。
3.D)。第六段中对 Letizia 的职业生涯的评价是 professionally accomplished，换言之就是 capable“能干的”。
4.C)。倒数第二、三段提到新闻主播的工作促成了 Letizia 本人的 strong character，包括 frankness 和 critical mind。此题中所说的她面对媒体打断 prince 的说话正是她 frank 或 outspoken 的性格使然。
5.B)。根据文章倒数第二段 Her strong character，frankness and critical mind could also be disadvantages for a royal who is rarely expected to speak her mind 可知 Letizia 要适应皇家生活，如何在自己的个性与皇室要求之间找到平衡是最重要的。
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