英语语法之因果关系
因果逻辑是一种强逻辑，几乎在所有类型的文章中都会出现。在英文写作中，为了支持某个观点，我们通常会用到因果论证，而且可能会不只用一次。以下是小编收集整理的英语语法之因果关系相关内容，欢迎阅读！
英语语法之因果关系 1
1. 使用常见的显性连接词
如because, because of, since, as, now that, in that, due to, owing to, therefore, hence, so, as a result, as a consequence, resultingly, consequently, accordingly, so that。
在使用这些连接词时，同学要注意将它们按词性分类，如连词、介词、副词，只有弄懂了词性的差异，才不会犯语法错误（如标点错误）。这个层面的知识基本是中学里的，但能把这些全用对的也不多。
最常见的错误就是therefore的用法。例如：Some people relentlessly cut down trees, therefore some animals are in danger of losing their habitat.
其实，这里只能用so，因为therefore是副词，不能连接两个句子。或者改成：
Some people relentlessly cut down trees. Therefore, some animals are in danger of losing their habitat.
2. 使用相对罕见的显性连接词
这一点其实主要是考大家的词汇量。如on the ground that / on grounds that（根据/基于）, on the basis of / based on（在……的基础上），in view of / in light of / given / given that / considering（鉴于）。同样，使用时要注意介词后面接n或doing，带有that的词组后面接完整的句子。
例如：Given that he overachieved the sales target, he was promoted to Sales Manager.
3. 显性的动词或形容词
意为“导致”、“引起”的词包括cause, lead to, contribute to, bring about, result in, give rise to等。这些动词前面加“因”，后面加“果”。“因”和“果”皆需n或doing，如果原因只能用句子表达，则需接定语从句。
例如：Some people relentlessly cut down trees, which has led to an alarming loss of animal habitat.
或更简洁的方式则是Relentless deforestation has caused an alarming loss of animal habitat.
还有一种就是“B可归因于A”，是上面一种的逆向表达。相关的表达式有can be attributed to, be attributable to, be owed to, result from, stem from, root in等。
例如：The closure of many physical stores（很多实体店的关闭） is attributable to the covid-19 pandemic.
(其实，看到这里，已经有足够的表达式供我们写作时用了。继续往下看，掌握更多的形式，不仅有助于提升表达的多样性，而且对英语阅读中快速抓取因果关系<往往是考点>也有很大的'帮助。)
4. 负向归因
负向归因可翻译成“怪罪于”。相关表达有be responsible for（为……负责）, be blamed on（怪罪于）, be the culprit behind（……是……的罪魁祸首）
例如：The sedentary lifestyle is the culprit behind / is responsible for the increasing obesity rate.
The increasing obesity rate is blamed on the sedentary lifestyle.
（不断上升的肥胖率应归罪于久坐不动的生活方式）
5. 关于“使能够”的表达
如allow, enable, make it possible for sb to do。例如：The extension of the metro line allows the people living in the suburb to reach the city center within one hour.
这一句中，the extension of the metro line就是“因”，the people living in the suburb reach the city center within one hour就是“果”。
6. 关于“取决于”的表达
如depend on, be contingent on, be determined by。
例句：Whether you will be enrolled by the university depends on your performance in the interview as well as your academic scores.
7. 其他隐性动词
如breed（酿成）, foster（促成）。
例如：Long-time unemployment bred his resentment against the government.
(长期失业导致他对政府心生怨恨)
Doing volunteer work can foster students’ sense of responsibility.
8. 定语从句
例如：Those who are always conscientious at work will be rewarded by the company.
看出来了吗：“因”就是“工作敬业”，“果”就是“得到公司的奖赏”。
又如：This book, from which I can communicate withthe late wise men(已故的智者), is a spiritual guide in my life.
9. 副词或副词词组
例如no wonder, unsurprisingly。
He spent 4 hours dancing every day last year. No wonder he won the first prize in the talent competition.
10. 虚拟语气
例句：If it had not been for your help, I would not have won the bid.
这句话等于Due to your help, I won the bid.
看到这里，相信大家多少了解了因果逻辑的多样性表达。当然，实际情况肯定是多于以上10种，而且以上10种不是在任何情况下都是通用的，但是体现的逻辑是十分相似的。
英语语法之因果关系 2
一、英语中表示因果关系的副词 /词组有so, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result/consequence,etc,意为因此,所以。
1.The shops were closed, so I couldn’t buy anything. 商店都关门了,所以我什么也没买到。(so therefore,consequently都可用于句首表结果,因此---)
2. He worked hard,and therefore/thus/consequently,he got good results.
3. Our house burnt down in a fire. As a result, we lived with my aunt.我们的房子在一次火灾中烧毁。因此,我们和姑妈住在一起。As a result须用“,”与句子隔开。
二.高中英语引出原因的介词短语,除了常见的because of , 还有thanks to , as a result of , on account of , due to, owing to 等,这些词语后接名词或名词性短语。
例:1.He walked slowlybecause of his bad leg. 由于他的胆怯,他走得很慢。
2.It was all a great success thanks to a lot of hard work. 由于尽心竭力,这才获得了巨大的成功。
3. As a result of her injuries, she died. 她由于受伤而死。
4.The team’s success was largely due to he r efforts. 这个队的成功很大程度上是由于她的努力。(due to 必须放在句中或句末, 其它介词短语位置不限。)
5.The game was cancelled owing to the heavy rain.因为下大雨,比赛被取消了。
三.表示因果关系的动词/词组:cause, result from/in, lie in, owe……to……等。
例:1.What caused the plants to die?这些植物死于何种原因?
2.He owes his success to hard work.他把成功归因于勤奋。
3.The trouble lies in the engine.麻烦出在发动机上。
He knows where his interest lies.他知道他的兴趣所在。
4. Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrowers.因疏忽引起的任何损失应由借用者负责赔偿。
5. Their dispute resulted in war. 他们的争论导致了战争
四、教科书中表示原因的连词主要是because， as，since， for，它们表原因的语气 依次由强变弱，并且引出的表原因的从句与主句出现的情况依时间关系有所不同。区分要点：
(1)Because从句发生在主句时间之前，且直接导致主句/结果。
(2)As从句表原因时，不强调直接构成唯一的因果关系，这种原因是对方知道的一个原因。
(3)Since 从句 表原因时，从句常是现在情况，对今后(主句)情况产生影响，构成因果。
(4)for 引出显而易见 的情况或常识，作为支持说明主句或作推测的理由，且for从句放在句末，用“,”与主句隔开。
例:1. I did it because he told me to.因为他让我做，所以我做了那件事。 注:“他告诉我”发生在过去，直接导致“我做事”，because强调直接必然原因。
2.As you were out, I left a message.因为你出去了,所以我留了言。注:“你出去”是“我留言”的一般,其中一个原因,直接原因是“有事”,As引出的从句是主句发生的一般的,其中之一原因,且对方常常知道这种原因,不强调直接导致结果。
3.(1) We thought that ,since we were in the area ,we should stop by and see them.我们认为,既然我们在这个地区,我们就应该停下来去看看他们。
(2)Since you are from China, please say something about Chinese tradition.既然你来自中国,就请你说些有关中国传统的情况。(Since =Now that 引出表当时现存情况,导致对将来作出安排和决定)
4.(1)It must have rained yesterday, for the ground are wet.昨天一定下雨了,因为地很湿。
(2)It is spring now , for the flowers are out. 现在是春天了,因为花开了。
五.其他表因果关系的短语，如now that，so…that…,such…that…，too…to…，enough…to…，why…，in case…，for fear that-…，etc. 应用解析如下:
1.He came back late not the rain, but he was much too tired.
A.because, because ofB.because of, becauseC.for, forD.because, for (选B)
2. you have got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A.Now thatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.As soon as (选A)
3.Mother was worried because Alice was ill, especially …Father was away in France .(1994)
A.asB.so thatC.asifD.unless(选A)
4.(1) I hurriedI wouldn’t be late for class.
A.sinceB.so that C.as ifD. Unless(选B)
(2)Wedid well in the exams we were praised by the teacher.
A.ifB.becauseC.sinceD.so that(选D)
(3)Heisagreat poet weall admire him.
A.such…that B.so…that C.too…toD.enough…to(选A)
(4)He is sleepy he can hardly keep his eyes open.
A.such…that B.so that C.too…to D.enough…to(选B)
(5)finish the task on time,we worked hard.
A.So as to…B.So that… C.In order to…D.In order that(选C)
5. (1).Heis faryoung go on his own.
A.too…to…B.enough…toC.so…as to(选C)
(2) Have you madecopiesgive us each one.(选项同上)(选B)
例:He is brave enough to fetch the case at night 他很勇敢,足可以在晚上去取箱子。
(3) I will have everthing ready not keep youwaiting.
A.enough…toB.too…to…C.so as…to D.in order…to(C,D均正确)
6.(1)He started very early.It washewas the first to come here
A. whyB. becauseC.asD. the reason (选A)
(2) He turnedback. he left his key at home.
A.It is whyB,ItwasbecauseC.Thereasonwas that-D.The resultwasthat (选B和C)
7. A.in case B. for fear that
(1)He isworkinghardhe should fail.(选B)
(2) I ‘ll taketh e umbrella it rains.(选A)
8.The oil must be out,thelight wentout .
A.asB.for C.becauseD.since
注:选B,as ,because,since引导原因状语从句放在句末都不用“,”隔开。For 引出原因,放在句末,用“,”隔开。主句:“油一定用尽了”是推测的结论,这是后句 “灯灭”推理得到的,符合for的用法。