英语阅读理解翻译加答案解析
阅读理解是英语各题型中的重中之中。备考考研英语阅读理解,关键是扩大英语阅读的练习，下面是小编给大家准备的英语阅读理解真题的翻译加答案解析，欢迎大家阅读练习!
Talk to any parent of a student who took an adventurous gap year (a year between school and university when some students earn money, travel, etc.) and a misty look will come into their eyes. There are some disasters and even the most motivated, organised gap student does require family back-up, financial, emotional and physical. The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experience that has matured their offspring; it is vicarious living. We all wish pre?university gap years had been the fashion in our day. We can see how much tougher our kids become; how much more prepared to benefit from university or to decide positively that they are going to do something other than a degree.
Gap years are fashionable, as is reflected in the huge growth in the number of charities and private companies offering them. Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped, but the trend has been gathering steam for a decade. The range of gap packages starts with backpacking, includes working with charities, building hospitals and schools and, very commonly, working as a language assistant, teaching English. With this trend, however, comes a danger. Once parents feel that a well-structured year is essential to their would?be undergraduates progress to a better university, a good degree, an impressive CV and well paid employment, as the gap companies blurbs suggest it might be, then parents will start organising—and paying for—the gaps.
Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies' umbrella organisation, the Year Out Group, it is usually because of poor planning. That can be the fault of the company or of the student, he says, but the best insurance is thoughtful preparation. “When people get it wrong, it is usually medical or, especially among girls, it is that they have not been away from home before or because expectation does not match reality.”
The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies. Kids don't mature if mum and dad decide how they are going to mature. If the 18-year-old's way of maturing is to slob out on Hampstead Heath soaking up sunshine or spending a year working with fishermen in Cornwall, then thats what will be productive for that person. The consensus, however, is that some structure is an advantage and that the prime mover needs to be the student.
The 18-year-old who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks'notice to Canada to learn to be a snowboarding instructor at a cost of ￡5,800, probably came back with little more than a hangover. The 18-year-old on the same package who worked for his fare and spent the rest of his year instructing in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland, and came back to apply for university, is the positive counterbalance. [502 words]
16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that parents of gap students may____.
[A] help children to be prepared for disasters
[B] receive all kinds of support from their children
[C] have rich experience in bringing up their offspring
[D] experience watching children grow up
17. According to the text, which of the following is true?
[A] The popularity of gap years results from an increasing number of charities.
[B] Prince William was working hard during his gap year.
[C] Gap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years ago.
[D] A well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success.
18. The word “packages” (Line 3, Para. 2) means________.
[A] parcels carried in traveling [B] a comprehensive set of activities
[C] something presented in a particular way [D] charity actions
19. What can cause the disasters of gap years?
[A] Intervention of parents. [B] Irresponsibility of the companies.
[C] A lack of insurance. [D] Low expectation.
20. An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year when he/she.________
[A] lives up to his/her parents'expectations
[B] spends time being lazy and doing nothing
[C] learns skills by spending parents'money
[D] earns his or her living and gains working experience
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
核心词汇
at two weeksnotice 提前两周通知;at short(a moments) notice随时，提前很短时间通知 例：We are ready to start at short notice.我们已准备好，接到通知就可以出发。
back?up n./ a. *① 支援(者)，支持(者) ② 备用品 例：a backup plan/system/pilot备用计划/备用系统/候补飞行员
back up ① 支持(某人)，证实(某说法) ② 备份，复制(磁盘) ③ 向后移动
counterbalance n./v. 平衡，抗衡;平衡抵消物; counter? 前缀，表示“相反的，相对的”如 counter?attack v. 回击，counterpart n. 地位、职务等相当的人，对等物
look up ① 抬头看 ② 尊敬，仰望 例：look up to sb. as ones teacher把某人尊为老师 *③ (形势等)好转 例：Things are looking up now.情况正在好转。 ④ (在字典、参考书等中)查寻 例：look up a word in a dictionary在字典中查一个词
package n. ① 包，盒，袋 *② a set of related things or services sold or offered together(必须整体接受的)一套，一揽子 例：a benefits package 一套福利措施 / an aid package 综合援助计划 / package deal 一揽子交易
pick up ① 拾起，拿起 例： pick up the phone拿起话筒 ② (偶然、无意地)获得(收益、知识、消息等) pick up a tip from my mother 从妈妈那学到一个窍门 ③ 接收(讯号)，收听(广播等)例：pick up the BBC World Service 接收英国广播公司国际广播节目 *④ (情况等)好转，改进 例：Trade is picking up nicely.生意很有起色。
structure n. ① 结构，构造，体系 *② a situation in which everything is carefully organized and planned组织性，条理性 例： Kids need some sort of structure to their day. 儿童的日常生活需要有点条理性。
vt. 构造;组织;安排 例：You need to structure your arguments more carefully.你需要更仔细地组织好自己的论据。/ well structured精心组织的，安排周密的
umbrella organization an organization that includes many smaller groups伞状机构、组织
超纲词汇
a gap year (中学和大学之间)学业间断的一年，间断年
backpack v.背包旅行 例：go backpacking n.背包
blurb n. ① (印在书籍封套上的)简介 *② 夸大的广告或介绍词
hangover n. 遗留的感觉(或风俗、习惯等)(常后跟介词from) 例：the insecure feeling that was a hangover from her childhood 她儿时留下的不安全感
slob n. 懒惰而邋遢的人 *vi. slob out/around游手好闲，无所事事
toil n.辛苦，劳累;苦活，难事 例：some books are a toil to read.有些书读起来真费劲。 v.苦干，辛苦从事(于……) 例：toil at/on ones task辛苦工作
vicarious a. ① 代理的，代表的;代理人的 例：vicarious authority代理的职权 *② (想象别人的苦乐等而)产生同感或共鸣的 例：He got a vicarious thrill out of watching his son score the winning goal.他看到儿子射入致胜一球时，也同样感到欣喜若狂。
语篇分析
本文题材涉及青少年教育。作者介绍了现在十分时兴的“学业间断年”现象，先分析它存在的问题，然后提出实现一个有意义的学业间断年的方法。这是一篇现象解释型文章，按照“提出现象—解释现象—提出建议”的脉络展开论述，可以分成三大部分。
第一段为第一部分，提出现象，引入话题。
以父母为切入点，间接提出一种现象：学业间断年。一方面，由于学业间断年存在着危机，家庭需要给予孩子各方面的支持。另一方面，父母从孩子身上感受到了一种新的生活方式(vicarious living)，他们看到孩子们①变得更坚强(become tougher);②为大学生活作了更充分的准备(more prepared to benefit from university);③打算做除了获得学历之外的事情(do something other than a degree)。
第二、三段为第二部分，解释现象，分析学业间断年现象的现状及存在的问题。
第二段：内容上分成了两个部分。第一部分指出学业间断年现在很流行，其表现是：组织团体和公司增多。其原因是：①威廉王子的宣传效应;②经过十年的发展声势逐渐强大。第二部分从with this trend, however... 开始，指出学业间断年的潜在问题之一：父母干预孩子的成长。其具体表现为：父母组织并资助间断年期间的活动(start organizing and paying for the gaps)。其原因是：受公司宣传的影响，以为这个阶段对孩子未来的学业和就业都非常重要。
第三段：延续第二段后面部分的内容，引用专家(Richard Oliver)的观点，指出学业间断年存在的第二大问题：缺乏周密的计划(poor planning)。其表现是：健康问题、从未离开过家、期望与现实不符。解决方法：做好审慎的准备(thoughtful preparation)。
第四、五段为第三部分，提出建议，即让年轻人自己来组织和安排学业间断年。