大学英语四级考试真题第一套答案
52.During the recession, BurgerKing's promotional strategy ofofferinglow-priceditemSoften proved ineffective.
在经济衰退时期，汉堡王提供低价食品的促销策略常常被证明是没有效果的。
由题干中的Burger King，strategy和low-priced items定位到文章E)段画线处。
E)Some fast-food companies alSo sacrificed their own profits by tryingto give customers better value.During the recession companies setprices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers throughthe door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items.But in many cases that strategy did not work.Last year BurgerKing franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over itsdouble-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them tobe required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make.In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King.Nevertheless, thecompany may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choiceSover more expensive ones because items on its "value menu" nowaccount for around 20% of all sales, up from 12% last October.
53.Fast-foodrestaurantscanmakealotofmoney by sellingbreakfast.
通过卖早餐，快餐店能够赚很多钱。
由题干中的selling breakfast定位到文章H)段画线处。
H) As fast-food companies shift from "super size" to "more buys", they needto keep customer traffic high throughout the day.Many see breakfast as abig opportunity, and not just for fatty food.McDonald's will start sellingporridge (粥) in America next year.Breakfast has the potential to bevery profitable, says Sara Senatore of Berustein, a research firm, becausethe margins can be high.Fast-food companies are alSo adding midday andlate-night snacks, such as blended drinks and wraps.The idea is that by having a greater range of things on the menu, "we can sell to consumers products they want all day, "says Rick Carucci, the chief financial officer of Yum ! Brands.
54.Manyfast-foodcompaniesnowexpect to increase their revenue byintroducing higher-priced items.
很多快餐企业现在期望通过推出高价产品来增加收益。
由题干中的introducing higher-priced items定位到文章F)段画线处。
F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly thisyear.But the downturn is malting companies rethink theirstrategies.Many are now introducing higher-priced itemsto entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials.KFC, adivision of Yum! Brands, which alSo owns Taco Bell and Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costsaround $ 5.And in May Burger King introduced barbecue (烧烤) pork ribs at $ 7 for eight.
55.A newly-passed law asks bigfast-food chains to specify thecalorie count of what theyserve on the menu.
一项新通过的法律要求大型快餐连锁企业在菜单上详细标明它们供应的食品卡路里含量。
由题干中的a newlypassed law，specify the calorie count和menu定位到文章J)段画线处。
J) In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be goodenough."Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know isconcerned about regulation right now," says Mr.Palmer of UBS.America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed thisyear, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put thecalorie-content of items they serve on the menu.A study by theNational Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effectSon Starbucks of a similar calorie-posting law in New York City in2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6%and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a DunkinDonuts outlet was nearby--a sign, it is said, that menu-labellingcould favour chains that have more healthy offerings.
Passage One
(56)如果你认为高指数的防晒霜能够使你免遭有害射线的辐射，那你可能就错了。(57)本周《自然》杂查的一项研究表明，尽管防晒指数为50的防晒霜能够减少黑瘤的数量，并延缓其出现，但却并不能阻止其发生。黑瘤是最具侵犯性的皮肤癌。如果你拥有红发或金发、浅色皮肤、蓝色或绿色眼睛，或者容易晒伤，又或者有近亲患此疾病，那么你将有相对较高的患病风险。如果你周期性地暴露于强烈的阳光下，黑瘤则更为常见。长期暴露于阳光下.其他皮肤癌也越来越有可能发生。
对于防晒霜减少黑瘤的有效性一直存在争议——比起对于预防其他类型的皮肤癌，其证据更加乏力。(58)2011年澳大利亚一项涉及l，621人的研究发现，随机抽取的每天使用防晒霜的人群患黑瘤的几率是需要时才使用面霜的人群的一半。第二项研究则将l，167名患有黑瘤的人和l，101名未患这种癌症的人进行对比，发现日常使用防
晒霜，并且同时使用帽子、长袖衫、躲在阴凉地方等其他防护措施的人，的确对这种疾病具有某些防护性。这项研究指出，其他形式的防晒措施——不是防晒霜——似乎最为有益。(59)此研究基于人们对他们一生中每个十年所采取防晒措施的记忆，因此并不完全可靠。但是认为防晒霜给人们错误防晒意识似乎又是合理的。
许多人使用防晒霜的方法也并不正确——用量不足、几小时后未能重新涂抹以及过长时间暴露于阳光下。晒伤才是最令人担忧的问题——最近的一项研究显示，青少年时期五次晒伤的经历就足以增加所有皮肤癌的患病风险。