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英语语法中用作介词或连词的分词归纳

时间:2018-10-23 15:46:47 基础英语 我要投稿

英语语法中用作介词或连词的分词归纳

  1.considering

  就……而论、照……来看;考虑到,既可用作介词,又可用作连词。例:I hear he is more than 70, but he is still very strong, considering his age.

  听说他已经 70 多岁了,但从他的年纪来看,他仍然很结实。

  Considering ( that ) he did not study hard, he did well on the test.

  考虑到他没有用功,他考得还不错。

  另: considering 还可用作副词,通常置于句尾,意为从各方面看。例:

  She seems ( to be ) very bright, considering.

  从各方面看,她似乎很聪明。

  2. providing / provided

  倘若……;在……的条件下,用作连词,引导条件状语从句,但从句不用虚拟语气。例:

  We'll visit Europe next year, provided / providing ( that ) we have the money.

  如果我们有这笔钱,我们明年将去欧洲游览。

  I shall go provided / providing ( that ) it does not rain.

  倘若天不下雨,我就去。

  3. supposing / suppose

  假如、假定用作连词,引导条件状语从句,从句可用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气。例:

  Supposing / Suppose ( that ) the weather were bad, where would you go?

  假如天气不好,你去什么地方?

  Supposing / Suppose ( that ) she doesn't come, what should we do?

  假如她不来我们该怎么办?

  supposing 可用在一个简单句中,相当于 What would / will happen if … / What does it matter if …例:

  Supposing I don't see her. ( = What will happen if I don't see her? )

  假如我见不到她,那该怎么办?

  suppose 意为假定;万一;倘若;不妨;何不。例:

  ( Let us ) Suppose ( that ) his statement is right.

  假定他的陈述是正确的。

  4. according to /by

  根据…… / 按照……,用作连词。例:

  According to my watch, it's 4 o'clock.

  按照我表上的时间,现在是 4 点钟。

  You may go or stay, according as you decide.

  去还是留,由你来决定。

  You may / will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad.

  根据工作好坏你将会受到奖惩。

  according to 与 according by 的区别在于:

  ( 1 ) according by 不可与表示人的名词或代词连用; according to 可与表示人的名词或代词连用。

  ( 2 ) according to 只能表示来自他处的信息,而不能表示来自说话者本身的`信息。

  例:

  According to (不能用 by ) my clock, it is 12 o'clock.

  根据我表上的时间,现在是 12 点。

  According to (不能用 by ) her (不能用 me ), the war broke out in 1923.

  根据她所说的,那场战争在 1923 年爆发。

  5. compared with / to

  将……与……比较,用作介词。例:

  Compared with / to her mother, she is tall.

  和她母亲比起来,她算很高了。

  6. including

  包含,用作介词。例:

  I have to prepare food for seven people, including me.

  我必须准备包括自己在内 7 个人的食物。

  7. owing to

  由于……因为……,用作介词。 seeing ( that )由于……;既然……;因为……,用作连词。例:

  Owing to unfavourable weather, I was unable to carry on with it.

  由于天气不好,我不能把它进行下去。

  Seeting ( that ) he is ill, he's unlikely to come.

  由于生病的缘故,他可能不来了。

  8. judging from / by ( =to judge by )

  由……来判断,用作介词。例:

  Judging from / by what he said, he must be an honest man.

  由他所说的来判断,他一定是个诚实的人。

  Judging from / by his accent, he must be from Guangdong province.

  从他的口音来判断,他一定来自广东。

  9. regarding ( =as regards, in regard to, with regard to ) / respecting ( =as respects, in respect to, with respect to ) / concerning ( =as concerns ) / relating to

  均用作介词,意为关于,就……而言,相当于 about, 但比 about 正式。例:

  Regarding this point, he is correct.

  关于这一点,他是对的。

  Respecting your salary, we shall come to a decision later.

  关于你的工资,我们将在以后做出决定。

  Concerning your letter, I am pleased to inform you that your plans are quite acceptable.

  关于来信,我很高兴地通知你,我们觉得你的计划是可接受的。

  10. given

  如果有……,假定……,考虑到……,既可用作介词,也可用作连词。例:

  Given that they are inexperienced, they have done a good job.

  考虑到他们经验不足,他们的工作做得还不错。

  Given his support, I think we'll win the election.

  若能获得他的支持,我想我们会赢得这次选举。

  11. granted / granting

  用作连词,意为就算……,假定……,纵使……,姑且承认

  例 Granted / Granting you are right, I won't do it.

  就算你说的是正确的,我也不打算做那事。

  12. assuming / say

  (用于句首,与 Let's 连用)意为假定……假使例:

  Assuming / Say ( Let's say ) that war breaks out, what do you do?

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