初中英语阅读练习素材
阅读理解【2】
●Our Needs
People are different, but they all have the same needs. Needs are things people must have to live. Our bodies need food and water. We also need air to breathe. We need a place to live to keep us safe. We need clothes to keep us warm. If we did not have these things, we could not survive(生存).
Needs may be different for people who live in different areas. If you live where it is cold, you may need special clothes to keep you warm. If you live where it is hot, you may need more water.
People have found new ways to meet their needs. Farmers grow food that people eat. They used to plant seeds by hand. They used to pick plants by hand. Now they have machines that do this work.
● Our Wants
Wants are things people would like to have but do not need to live. Suppose you hope to get a football for your birthday. A football is a want. You can live without it.
Sometimes we might want something so much that it feels like a need. We have to make choices, though. If you need a new coat for winter, you might not be able to get the football you want. We must choose what we need over what we want.
Sometimes we must make choices between things we want. Suppose you want to go to a birthday party for your uncle. That day, a friend asks you to go to a movie. The movie is at the same time as the party.
If you choose to go to the party, then what would you give up? What would you give up if you went to the movie?
34. Needs are things that people______.
A. don't use every day B. cannot live without
C. get to meet their interest D. have to improve their life
35. Which of the following must be a want?
A. Air. B. Water. C. A coat. D.A movie.
36. Which sentence shows the writer's opinion?
A. We must put what we need before what we want.
B. People from different areas must have different needs.
C. It's easy to make a choice between the things we want.
D. If we want something very much, it can become our need.
37. The writer tells the differences between needs and wants by ______.
A. giving examples B. doing research
C. making a survey D. having interviews
【考点】史地常识类阅读.
【分析】我们的需求
人是不同的，但是他们都有同样的需求.需求是人们赖以生存的东西.我们的身体需要食物和水，我们也需要空气来呼吸，我们需要一个住的地方让我们安全.我们需要衣服来保暖，如果我们没有这些东西，我们不能生存.
需求对于生活在不同地区的人们或许是不同的.如果你生活在寒冷的地方，你可能需要特别的衣服来保暖，如果你生活在热的地方，你可能需要更多的水.
人们已经发现满足需求的新方式.农民种植供人们吃的食物，他们曾经用手播种，用手收割，现在他们有完成这些工作的机器.
我们的欲望
欲望是你想要的但不一定是生活所必须的东西.假设你希望在生日得到一个足球，足球是一个欲望，你没有它也能生活.有时我们可能很想要的东西感觉像个需要，然 而我们必须做出选择.如果你冬天需要一个新外套，你可能就得不到你想要的足球，我们必须选择我们需要的而不是我们想要的.
有时候我们必须在我们想要的东西中做出选择，假设你想去参加你叔叔的生日派对，那天，一个朋友要你去看电影，这个电影和派对是同一时间.
如果你选择去派对，那么你将放弃什么?如果你去看电影那你将放弃什么?
【解答】34.B 根据原文“Needs are things people must have to live.”需求是人们赖以生存的'东西这句话可知，只有B选项和这句话的意义相似，没有它就不能生存，所以选择B.
35.D 这是一个推理判断题.根据文章中关于需求和欲望的定义和举的例子可知，air，water，a coat都是需求的范畴，只有movie是欲望的范畴，不是必需品，用排除法故选择D.
36.A 这是一个归纳总结题.应该从全文来把握作者的观点，整片文章作者都在告诉我们需求和欲望的不同，根据 “Wants are things people would like to have but do not need to live.(欲望是 你想要的但不一定是生活所必须的东西)这句话我们就可看出作者的观点，要把需求放在欲望的前面，所以答案选A.其他三个选项都不是作者的观点.
37.A 从文章内容我们可以知道作者为了阐明需求和欲望的不同，举了大量的例子，比如air，water，clothes，coat，football，movie等等，所以应选答案为A，通过举例子的方式来告诉我们需求与欲望的不同.
【点评】本文主要告诉我们需求与欲望的不同，结合题目既要从整体上把握文章的内容，例如36和37题;又要注意细节的理解，例如35和36题，可以找出与之相关的句子和词语予以支持.但不论侧重点是什么在做题的过程中一定要从原文找答案，忠实于原文，而且前提是一定要读懂.
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