2016托业考试阅读资料：简·奥斯汀
简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen，1775年12月16日-1817年7月18日)是英国闻名女性小说家，她的作品首要关注乡绅家庭女性的婚姻和糊口，以女性特有的详尽入微的不雅察看力和活跃滑稽的文字真实地描画了她四周世界的小****。
Jane Austen (1775-1817) is one of the most famous of all English novelists, and today her novels are more popular than ever, with several recently adapted as Hollywood movies. But we do not have many records of what she looked like. For a long time, the only accepted image of Austen was an amateur sketch of an adult Austen made by her sister Cassandra. However, recently a professionally painted, full-length portrait of a teenage girl owned by a member of the Austen family has come up for sale. Although the professional painting is not titled Jane Austen, there are good reasons to believe she is the subject.
简·奥斯汀是最有名的英国小说家之一。时至今日，她的作品变得更受接待了，稀有部被好莱坞改编成片子了。可是对于她的长相却没有太多的记实。很长一段时刻以来，独一被认可的奥斯汀的画像是她妹妹卡桑德拉画的。可是这幅成年奥斯汀素描并不是出自于专业画家。然而，比来一副奥斯汀家族成员持有的画像想要出售。这幅出自专业画家之手的全身画像膳缦沔是一个少女奥斯汀。尽管这幅专业画作上并没有写有简·奥斯汀，可是我们仍是有足够的理由相信画上的人就是她。
First, in 1882, several decades after Austen’s death, Austen’s family gave permission to use the portrait as an illustration in an edition of her letters. Austen’s family clearly recognized it as a portrait of the author. So, for over a century now, the Austen family itself has endorsed the claim that the girl in the portrait is Jane Austen.
首先，在1882年，在奥斯汀弃世几十年后，奥斯汀家族曾经授权这幅画作为她出书的手札集上本人画像。奥斯汀家族当然能够确认胀均画就是作者。所以，一个多世纪曩昔了，奥斯汀家族仍是为这幅画背书，认为这个女孩就是简·奥斯汀本人。
Second, the face in the portrait clearly resembles the one in Cassandra’s sketch, which we know depicts Austen. Though somewhat amateurish, the sketch communicates definite details about Austen’s face. Even though the Cassandra sketch is of an adult Jane Austen, the features are still similar to those of the teenage girl in the painting. The eyebrows, nose, mouth, and overall shape of the face are very much like those in the full-length portrait.
第二，这幅画上人物的面庞和卡桑德拉画的那幅画很相似，而卡桑德拉的画作上的人物确定是奥斯汀。尽管卡桑德拉的画作略显业余，可是仍是很好地描画了奥斯汀面部的细节的.。尽管卡桑德拉的画描画的是成年简·奥斯汀，可是面部细节仍是同这幅画上少女奥斯汀很是相似的。眉毛、鼻子、嘴和整个轮廓都跟这幅全身画作很是相似。
Third, although the painting is unsigned and undated, there is evidence that it was painted when Austen was a teenager. The style links it to Ozias Humphrey, a society portrait painter who was the kind of professional the wealthy Austen family would hire. Humphrey was active in the late 1780s and early 1790s, exactly the period when Jane Austen was the age of the girl in the painting.
第三，机关这幅画没有签名也没有日期，可是确信这幅画的绘制时刻是奥斯汀少女时代。这幅画从气概上看是奥扎厄斯·汉弗里的作品。他是一个专门受雇于奥斯汀这样富有家族的上流社会肖像画家。汉弗里活跃时代是1780末到170岁首，而这个时代刚好恰是简·奥斯汀十几岁的时代。
阅读部门需要提取的不雅概念是：
- Main point: 有一副画膳缦沔的人物是简·奥斯汀
- Sub point 1: 这幅画获得了奥斯汀家族的认可
- Sub point 2: 面庞同简·奥斯汀的另一幅画很像
- Sub point 3: 气概上看是奥扎厄斯·汉弗里的作品，此人活跃时代简·奥斯汀的春秋同画作相符
听力材料：
The evidence linking this portrait to Jane Austen is not at all convincing. Sure, the painting has long been somewhat loosely connected to Austen’s extended family and their descendents, but this hardly proves it’s a portrait of Jane Austen as a teenager. The reading’s arguments that the portrait is of Austen are questionable at best.
所有证实这幅画上人物是简·奥斯汀的证据都是不足信的。当然，这幅画持久以来同奥斯汀家族极其儿女连结着某种意义上的联系。可是，这都不足以证实画中问人是少女简·奥斯汀。
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