考研基础阶段该如何复习英语

　　考研英语的复习已经拉开了序幕，每年的3月至6月底我们称之为基础阶段，考生们应该规划好复习计划。小编为大家精心准备了考研基础阶段英语指南攻略，欢迎大家前来阅读。

考研基础阶段该如何复习英语

　　考研基础阶段英语启程规划指导

　　首先我们来说一下考研英语的题型分布：完形填空(10分)，传统阅读(40分)，新题型(10分)，翻译(英语一10分，英语二15分。)，作文(小作文英语一10分，大作文20分;英语二小作文大作文15分。)虽然英语一和英语二在题目的分值和做题方法上有所区别，但在目前基础阶段，英语一和英语二考生都是打基础的阶段，没有涉及到解题技巧因而没有任何的区别，英语一和英语二考生的复习重点应该一致。那这个复习重点是什么呢?这个阶段的重点应该是主攻词汇、长难句和基础阅读。为什么呢?因为完型填空考的就是单词就是搭配就是基础。阅读考的就是单词和长难句及解题思路。翻译最根本要求也是处理长难句，作文也就是将积累的词汇长难句和大量的知识输出的过程。所有的题型都离不开词汇长难句。那具体怎么复习呢?

　　一、选定一本考研词汇书，至少背2遍。

　　不管你选择哪本词汇书，一定要坚持下来。根据我们的经验，80%的考研同学第一遍背诵要花掉2个月，第二遍的时候只要1个月就能背完，第3遍7-10天。所以希望同学们坚持坚持再坚持。同时给出3条小建议：

　　1. 背考研词汇书前，可以复习一下自己四级或6级的词汇书。可以再背一遍，看看以前的笔记。为什么呢?因为考研英语单词就包括了2000-3000的四级六级单词。这遍查漏补缺的工作还是很重要的。

　　2. 背到自己认识的单词的时候，从后往前看1-2个单词释义。为什么呢?因为考研英语阅读之所以很难选对答案的一个原因就是虽然单词认识，但是不知道这个单词在语境中的'具体意思，也就是我们俗称的单词的熟词僻意。如果遇到不认识的单词就从前往后背1-2个释义。一定要注意整理笔记，要有自己的词汇本。

　　3. 建议选的字典最好是有词根记忆的。这样可以帮我们用一个词根记忆一串单词，事半功倍。比如sist这个词根是站的意思。那assist就是去站在旁边也就是帮忙的意思。Persist 就是per(一直)+站着，也就是一直站着，表示坚持以及持续。

　　4. 除了词根，请大家注意前缀和后缀。为什么呢?2014年版英语一考试大纲第2页明确说到：“考试应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容。“附表的内容其中就包括62个前缀和54个后缀。

　　二、夯实长难句基础

　　长难句的基础学习所做的工作就是梳理大家从初中学到现在的语法知识。明白5大语法现象为后期复习工作做打算。

　　这里给大家一个梳理。比如句子成分(主干成分和修饰成分)、非谓语动词(不定时，分词和动名词)、并列连词(累积连词，因果连词，转折连词和选择连词)、三大从句(定从;名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;状语从句)以及特殊结构(虚拟语气，省略，强调和倒装)

　　基础阶段把肖老师给大家指出来的语法全学会即完成了这个阶段的任务。

　　三、具备基本的阅读理解阅读能力和逻辑思维

　　我们知道得阅读者得天下。阅读既然这么重要，那在基础阶段的时候我们就要开始了。但是这个阶段阅读的重点是依托早期的真题(2000年以前的题)复习单词和长难句，学会一些简单的阅读方法和解题技巧，比如定位，灵活运用考研英语中的转折和并列关系，如何精读和略读文章。这都是我们这个阶段的重点。同时建议同学们一篇一篇的翻译早期的文章。这是提高英语的一个很好的方法，贵在坚持。

　　综上所述，基础阶段重点即是词汇，阅读中的长难句以及基本的解题思路和阅读能力。望大家复习成功。

　　考研英语备考攻略

　　第一，单词周而复始，不放手

　　新大纲既已发布，对于大纲词汇的掌握，绝不能放松。曾有人做个这样的实验，将考纲中所有的词汇在真题中一个一个的划出来，划到最后大纲中规定的词汇在真题中都能复现，所以英语词汇的学习是放在真题里面的，不是单一的记忆词汇，从真题出发，理解记忆，会效果更好，尤其是高频词，基础词和难点词，在复习过程中要进行反复记忆，有方法的记忆。

　　第二，十年真题，反复细作

　　近十年的考研英语阅读真题对于备考来说价值不菲，我们还曾建议考生留下最近三年的考题作为最后的模拟。其中，考研英语的阅读在整张试卷中所占的比重最大，除了40分值的传统阅读理解题型，分值为10分的新题型也不简单。而且，从某种程度上说，翻译与完形填空的解答与阅读能力的高低也有着直接的联系。因此，提高阅读能力，是考研英语备考的重中之重。对于真题中涉及到的每一篇文章，每一道题目，每一个选项，都要从文字和精读的角度，真正理解和掌握文章的单词、句子，将答案中的关键点与材料中、题干中的关键词结合起来，仔细分析，找出其中的联系，这就是思路。

　　第三，对错时常有，情绪要稳定

　　当偶尔发现自己的错题过多的时候，不要慌张，不到最后我们不能给自己设定结果。考题的难度势必会凌驾于考生所掌握的知识总量之上的，考生要做的就是反复练习，规整思路，重新来做，在自己的能力范围内拿到较高的分数。之所以做错题目只能说明自身对于真题的钻研还不够，每天我们都会做错很多题，但不要被正确和错误题目的数量所干扰，坚持正确的方法，继续利用真题，踏踏实实提高自己。

　　英语考研大纲样题

　　Directions:

　　In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

　　Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some

　　mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. 41) ________ Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. The kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its climate.

　　42) ________. Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing.

　　43) ________ There were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.

　　44) ________. Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.

　　45) ________.

　　About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals, though now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.

　　[A]The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.

　　[B]Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils. From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.

　　[C]The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.

　　[D]The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large areas of the world.

　　[E]The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the star-fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.

　　[F]When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea arid there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.

　　[G]Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.

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