2017职称英语考试理工A级阅读理解模拟题
职称英语考试包括词汇选项、阅读判断、概括大意完成句子、阅读理解、补全短文和完型填空六大题型，其中的阅读理解(3道阅读，共计45分)，在六个题型中是最重要的题型，分值占到总分的45%。以下是yjbys网小编整理的关于职称英语考试理工A级阅读理解模拟题，供大家练习。
第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。
第一篇
Privacy in the 21st Century
Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Websites you've visited, or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.
In fact, it's likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission.0 It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen--the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked.
Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it's important to reveal yourself to friends,family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs (碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.
The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is "no".
When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it.
A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is "slipping away, and that bothers me".
But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站 ) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠劵) .
But privacy does matter--at least sometimes. It's like health: When you have it you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.
31. Why does the author list several cases that your information can be accessed without your permission?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To remind the importance of privacy.
C. To inform what 21 st century is like.
D. To call for the action against the spread of website.
32. What does the author mean by saying "the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked"?
A. People's personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.
B. In the 21st century people try every means to look into others' secrets.
C. People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.
D. Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.
33. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?
A. Friends should open their hearts to each other.
B. Friends should always be faithful to each other.
C. There should be a distance even between friends.
D. There should be fewer disputes between friends.
34. Why does the author say "we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret"?
A. Modem society has finally evolved into an open society.
B. People leave traces around when using modem technology.
C. There are always people who are curious about others' affairs.
D. Many search engines profit by revealing people's identities.
35. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?
A. They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.
B. They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.
C. They rely more and more on electronic devices.
D. They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.
第二篇
The Supermarket
You may have wondered why the supermarkets are all the same. It is not because the companies that operate them lack imagination. It is because they all aim at persuading people to buy things.
In the supermarket, it takes a while for the mind to get into a shopping mode. This is why the area immediately inside the entrance is known as the "decompression zone". People need to slow down and look around, even if they are regulars. In sales terms this area is bit of a loss, so it tends to be used more for promotion.
Immediately inside the first thing shoppers may come to is the fresh fruit and vegetables section. For shoppers, this makes no sense. Fruit and vegetables can be easily damaged, so they should be bought at the end, not the beginning, of a shopping trip. But what is at work here? It turns out that selecting good fresh food is a way to start shopping, and it makes people feel less guilty about reaching for the unhealthy stuff later on.
Shoppers already know that everyday items, like milk, are invariably placed towards the back of a store to provide more opportunities to tempt customers. But supermarkets know shoppers know this, so they use other tricks, like placing popular items halfway along a section so that people have to walk all along the aisle looking for them. The idea is to boost "dwell time": the length of time people spend in a store.
Traditionally retailers measure "football" as the number of people entering a store is known,but those numbers say nothing about where people go and how long they spend there. But nowadays, a piece of technology can fill the gap: the mobile phone. Path Intelligence, a British company tracked people's phones at Gunwharf Quays, a large retailer centre in Portsmouth—not by monitoring calls, but by plotting the positions of handsets as they transmit automatically to cellular networks. It found that when dwell time rose l minute, sales rose 1.3%.
Such techniques are increasingly popular because of a deepening understanding about how shoppers make choices. People tell market researchers that they make rational decisions about what to buy, considering things like price, selection or convenience. But subconscious forces, involving emotion and memories, are clearly also at work.
36. In Paragraph 2, "decompression zone" is the area meant to
A. prepare shoppers for the mood of buying.
B. offer shoppers a place to have a rest.
C. encourage shoppers to try new products.
D. provide shoppers with discount information.
37. Putting fruit-and-vegetable section near the entrance takes advantage of shoppers'_________.
A. common sense.
B. shopping habits.
C. shopping psychology.
D. concerns with time.
38. Path intelligence uses a technology to
A. measure how long people stay at a store.
B. count how many people enter a store.
C. find out what people buy in a store.
D. monitor what people say and do in a store.
39. What happened at Gunwharf Quays showed that sales
A. was reversely linked to dwell time.
B. was in direct proportion to dwell time.
C. was affected more by football than by dwell time.
D. was affected more by dwell time than by football.
40. The author argues that shoppers
A. exert more influence on stores than they imagine.
B. are more likely to make rational choices than they know.
C. have more control over what they buy than they assume.
D. tend to make more emotional decisions than they think.
第三篇
Graphene's Superstrength.
Big technology comes in tiny packages. New cell phones and personal computers get smaller every year, which means these electronics require even smaller components on the inside.
Engineers are looking for creative ways to build these components, and they've turned their eyes to graphene, a superthin material, made of carbon, that could change the future of electronics.
This year's Nobel Prize for Physics has been awarded to Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov from the University of Manchester, UK. for the discovery of graphene. Graphene isn't just small,it's "the thinnest possible material in this world," says Novoselov. He calls it a "wonder material".
It's so thin that you would need to stack about 25,000 sheets just to make a pile as thick as a piece of ordinary white paper. If you were to hold a sheet of graphene in your fingers, you'd have no idea because you wouldn't be able to see it.
Carbon is one of the most abundant elements in the universe. Every known kind of life contains carbon. Graphene is a sheet of carbon, but only one atom thick. You don't have to look far to find graphene -- it's all around you.
If you want this high-tech wonderstuff (神奇物), all you need is a pencil, paper and a little adhesive tape. Use the pencil to shade a small area on the paper, and then apply a small piece of adhesive tape over the area. When you pull up the tape, you'll see that it pulls up a thin layer of some of the shading from your pencil. That layer is called graphite, one of the softest minerals in the world.
Now stick the same piece of tape on another sheet of paper and pull the tape up- there should be an even thinner layer, this time left on the paper. Now imagine that you do this over and over, until you get the thinnest possible layer of material on the paper. This layer would be only one atom thick, and you wouldn't be able to see it. Graphite is made of layers of grapheme, so when you get to the thinnest possible layer, you've found graphene.
41. What would change the future of electronics according to engineers?
A. Big technology.
B. Creative ways.
C. Graphene.
D. Both A and B.
42. According to the second and third paragraphs, what is true of graphene?
A. It can be used to make paper.
B. It is possible to see it with our naked eye.
C. It is easy to find graphene.
D. It is possibly the thickest material in the world.
43. Which of the following can be used to replace the word "apply" in Paragraph 4?
A. request.
B. polish.
C. use.
D. put.
44. Which of the following is NOT meant in the last two paragraphs?
A. Graphene is made of graphite, one of the softest materials in the world.
B. Graphite is made of layers of graphene, the thinnest material in the world.
C. When we get to the thinnest possible layer of graphite, we find graphene.
D. With a pencil, a sheet of paper and a piece of adhesive tape, we can find graphene.
45. Graphene's superstrength lies in the fact that
A. It is the thinnest material in the world.
B. It is made of the most abundant elements in the world.
C. It can help to make electronic components smaller.
D. It helps engineers to produce more sensitive electronic products.
答案与解析：
第4部分：阅读理解
第一篇
31.A。推理题。题干：为什么作者会列出几个你的信息在未经许可而被获取的例子?本文开头作者先举了一些例子来说明21世纪个人信息很容易泄漏来引入话题，故答案为A。
32.A。词组题。题干：作者说“21世纪等同于裸露”是什么意思?由题干中的naked，即“赤裸裸的，暴露无遗的”，可猜知这句话的意思为“21世纪人们的个人信息总是在无意间被别人获取”，故答案为A。
33.C。推理题。题干：心理学家会对朋友关系作何建议?由“Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy,that it's important to reveal yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.”可知，即使是朋友之间也要保持一定的距离，故答案为C。
34.B。细节题。题干：为什么作者说“我们生活在一个不能保守秘密的世界里”?由“The digital bread crumbs(碎屑)you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are.where vOU are and what you like.”可知，人们在使用现代科技的同时将个人 信息泄露了，故答案为B。
35.D。细节题。题干：美国人会如何保护自己的隐私?由“But people say one thing and do another.”可知，他们说了很多，但基本上什么都没做，故答案为D。
第二篇
36.A。细节题。句意：第二段“decompression zone”指的区域是___________。利用题干关键词“decompression zone”可以定位到第二段。该段指出，“在超市里，顾客静下心来购物需要花点时间。这就是为什么一进超市就有一块被称为decompression zone的地方”。由此可知，“休闲地带”的作用是为人们尽快进入购物状态做好准备，故答案为A(让人们作好购物准备)。
37.C。细节题。句意：把水果和蔬菜放在靠近入口的地方是利用了顾客的___________。由food和fruit可以定位到第三段。该段指出，“结果是挑选食物是购物开始的方式，这让人们后来买些不太健康的东西的负罪感也会少一点”。由此可知，这是利用了消费者的购物心理，故正确选项为C(购物心理)。
38 A。细节题。句意：道路智能(Path intelligence)使用一项技术来___________。由题干关键词Path intelligence可以定位到第五段。该段指出，“Path intelligence不是通过检测电话，而是利用手机技术来跟踪用户的位置。结果他们发现，顾客在店内的逗留时间每增加1%，销售额就会增长1.3%”。由此可知，这项技术是用来测量顾客在店内逗留时间长短的，故正确选项为B。
39.B。细节题。句意：GunwharfQuays发生的事情表明销售___________。由GunwharfQuays可以定位到第五段“It found that when dwell time rose 1 minute，sales rose 1.3%.”，意为“顾客在店内的逗留时间每增加l分钟，销售额就会增长1.3%”。由此可知，顾客在商店逗留的时间与商店的销售额成正比，故正确选项为B。
40.D。细节题。句意：作者认为购物者___________。这个题定位题干不好定位，所以改为定位四个选项。分别定位四个选项可以定位到文章最后——段，意为“这样的技术越来越受欢迎是因为这加深了对顾客如何作决定的理解。人们告诉市场研究者说，他们对买什么做出了理智的决定，包括考虑价格、选择货品以及方便等。但是，包括情感和记忆的潜意识同样也会影响人们的选择”。由此，作者认为人们在购物时比他们想象的要感性得多，故正确选项为D。
第三篇
41.C。细节题。句意：据工程师们的说法，什么会改变电子产品的将来?第一段最后一句提供了答案：工程师将眼光投向石墨烯，一种由碳原子组成的超薄材料，这种材料能够改变电子产品的未来。故选C。
42.c。细节题。句意：根据第二、三段所述，关于石墨烯的描述哪一句是真的?第二段倒数第二句告诉我们，25 000层石墨烯才能堆砌成一张普通白纸的厚度，这是为了说明石墨烯是多么的薄，而不是说它可以用来造纸，所以A不是正确答案;第三段最后一句说明石墨烯就在我们周围，因此C是答案;B和D的表述内容都与该两段内容不符合。
43.D。词汇题。句意：下列哪个单词能替换“apply”?apply…over意为“将……涂(敷)在……上”;因此D为正确选项。
44.A。细节题。句意：下列哪一个不是最后两段暗含的意思?最后两段告诉我们，用一张纸、一支铅笔和一片胶带就能找到石墨烯;无数层石墨烯构成石墨，当铅笔留在纸上的石墨被胶带剥离到最薄一层时，我们就得到了石墨烯。因此只有A不是最后两段的表述内容，故选A。
45.C。细节题。句意：石墨烯的超能在于___________。第一段提供了答案：随着电子产品越来越小，我们需要更小的电子组件(components)，而石墨烯作为碳原子组成的超薄材料，满足这个要求。故选C。
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