2024年职称英语《理工类》模拟题带答案

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　　在日常学习、工作生活中，我们很多时候都不得不用到试题，试题是命题者根据一定的考核需要编写出来的。大家知道什么样的试题才是规范的吗？下面是小编为大家收集的2024年职称英语《理工类》模拟题带答案，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。

2024年职称英语《理工类》模拟题带答案

　　职称英语《理工类》模拟题带答案 1

　　Earthquake

　　1.Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world.Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe.Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself.An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself.Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.

　　2.There are about a million quakes a year.Fortunately,however,not all of them are destructive.The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale,which goes from 0 upward.The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9.Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upwards from 6.0.

　　3.The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earths surface.This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons,two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earths crust and continental drift.

　　4.In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes,scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction.Special instruments are used to help people record,for example,shaking of the earth.Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time,location and size of an earthquake.

　　5.Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes.These include strange behaviors of some animals,the changes in the content of mineral water,etc.The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before major earthquakes happen.

　　23.Paragraph 2 __________

　　24.Paragraph 3 __________

　　25.Paragraph 4 __________

　　26.Paragraph 5 __________

　　A.Earthquakes Forecast

　　B.Historical Records of Earthquakes

　　C.Intensities o{Earthquakes

　　D.Cause of Earthquakes

　　E.Indications of Earthquakes

　　F.Damaging Earthquakes

　　27.Not all damage during an earthquake is caused __________.

　　28.Not all earthquakes are strong enough __________.

　　29.Scientists have been working hard to warn people __________.

　　30.Earthquakes can be predicted by observing __________.

　　A.by the quake itself

　　B.not be prevented

　　C.to cause damage of property and loss of lives

　　D.of a possible earthquake

　　E.the unusual behaviors of some animals

　　F.the strong behaviors of human beings

　　参考答案：

　　23.C　本段简述在里氏震级表上反映出来的不同震级。

　　24.D　本段简述了地震的起因。

　　25.A　本段介绍了科学家为预测地震所做的一些工作。

　　26.E　本段介绍了震前可能会出现的一些异常情况。

　　27.A　句中的`被动语态…is caused提示可能会跟一个by短语。

　　28.C　形容词加上enough后面常会跟一个动词不定式，文中第二段也讲到有些地震震级不高，不会造成重大破坏和伤亡。

　　29.D　动词warn后面跟against，或跟of，警告别人将有事情发生。

　　30.E　动词observin9后面应该有一个宾语，故应选一个名词短语。人类的行为变化跟地震并没有关系，因此F不是正确的选择。

　　职称英语《理工类》模拟题带答案 2

　　1、One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt\s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction (灭绝) of the smallpox (天花) virus. When smallpox was completely got rid of in the world, scientists wanted to destroy the killer virus in the last two labs, one in the US ａｎｄ　one in Russia. They asked: If smallpox has truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let go of such a powerful potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have _____ vials (小药瓶). ａｎｄ　the last "official" stocks of live Virus bred mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia, fｏｒno obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way fｏｒtests on new treatments ａｎｄ　vaccines(疫苗). So once again there\s a good reason to the virus, just in keep the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we case with the mistrust of the US ａｎｄ　Russia? deal. Keep the virus Simple international support in a well - guarded UN laboratory that\s open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it with a multilateral (多边的) approach to just about everything. But it doesn\t mean the idea is rejects. If the virus is useful, then let\s wrong it the servant of all humanity make not just a part of it.【单选题】

　　A.more

　　B.few

　　C.a few

　　D.a lot

　　正确答案:C

　　答案解析:本题有一定难度，本题可用排除法，文章里没有出现比较的含义，所以more可以排除掉，a lot后面不能接名词，不能说a lot vials，所以也可以排除掉，依据上下文逻辑，文章此处是说“毫无疑问，几个国家仍有几瓶（病毒）”，此处要用“几个”的意思，只能用a few，答案是C。

　　2、DietPersons who are overweight should watch their diet carefully in ｏｒｃｅｒto lose pounds. The best way to do this is to start a weight control program. At first it is wise to talk with your doctor. He can advise you of the number of calories you should have in your meals each day. He can tell you about exercising while on your diet. A good rule is to lose slowly. A loss ofa pound ｏｒtwo is plenty. Plan meals around foods you know. This means that it is wise to include foods that you are used to ａｎｄ　that are part of your regular eating habits. When you have lost the weight you wish, simple items can be added to your diet so that you can maintain the weight you want. While you are dieting, try to build a pattern of eating that you can follow later to maintain your desired weight. When dieting, choose low-calorie foods. Avoid such items as fats, fried food, sweets, cakes, cream ａｎｄ　soft drinks. Try to take coffee ａｎｄ　tea without sugar ｏｒcream. Snacks can be part of your diet. Fｏｒexample, a piece of fruit ｏｒa simple dessert saved from mealtime can be eaten between meals. Keep busy! This way you will not be tempted to go off the diet. Make full use of opportunities to exercise. Try walking instead of riding whenever possible. Happy dieting !While dieting you should ______【单选题】

　　A.choose fried foods

　　B.choose low-calorie food

　　C.choose snack as hamburger in Mc Donalds

　　D.talk to your doctor

　　正确答案:B

　　答案解析:从原文第3段中的“When dieting，choose low-calorie foods”可以找到答案。

　　3、Cloning: Future Perfect?1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant ｏｒanimal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves using cloning technology. A mouse has also been cloned successfully. But the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement: "We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years," he told the world. 2 Seed\s announcement provoked a lot of media attention, most of it negative. In Europe, nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning ａｎｄ　in the US the President announced: "We will be introducing a law to ban human cloning ａｎｄ　many states in the US will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year". 3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning. They are worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research. In March, The New Englａｎｄ　Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will have become routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science. 4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows ａｎｄ　films, as well as cartoons. Such information is often misleading, ａｎｄ　makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be doing next. 5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like. But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-cloners ask Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人). Richard Seed claimed to be able to clone____. 【单选题】

　　A.the nucleus of a cell

　　B.cloned human beings

　　C.a human being in two years

　　D.a law to ban human cloning

　　E.a report on human cloning

　　F.heavy media coverage

　　正确答案:C

　　答案解析:文中提到Seed的言论，他认为未来两年内就会有克隆人出现，故选C。

　　4、Cell Phones1. Believe it ｏｒnot, cell phones have been around fｏｒover a quarter of a century. The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979, but cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big ａｎｄ　heavy but they have developed into small ａｎｄ　light palm sized models. There are huge developments in their functions, too. We have had call forwarding, text messaging, answering services ａｎｄ　hands - free use fｏｒyears, but now there are new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos.2. Cell phones have become very common in our lives. Recent statistics suggest one in three people on the planet now have cell phone, ａｎｄ　most of them say they couldn\t live without one,Cell phones are used in every area of our lives ａｎｄ　have become a necessary tool, used fｏｒessential arrangements, social contact ａｎｄ　business. It easier to call fｏｒhelp on the highway. It possible to keep in touch with people "on the move" when people are traveling.3. Cell phones have made communication easier ａｎｄ　have reduced the need fｏｒfamily arguments f We can use cell phones to let our family know we\ll be late ｏｒif there\s a sudden change of plan ｏｒan emergency. Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are out late. They can now contact their children at any time.4. This does not mean that cell phones are all good news. Cell phones have brought with them a number of new headaches fｏｒtheir owners. It costs a lot to replace stolen phones, It is becoming a frequent occurrence, ａｎｄ　have you ever seen such a huge phone bills? More serious, however,Cell phones bring the potential health problem. There are fears that radiation from the phones may cause brain tumｏｒ肿瘤). This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who have grown up with cell phones. They simply can\t live without cell phones!Nowadays cell phones are equipped with ______.【单选题】

　　A.a necessity

　　B.an emergency

　　C.a number of new headaches

　　D.family arguments

　　E.big ａｎｄ　light palm - sized models

　　F.countless new facilities

　　正确答案:F

　　答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，答案依据是第一段最后一句：…now there are countless new facilities, such as instant access to the Internet ａｎｄ　receiving ａｎｄ　sending photos．所以答案是F。

　　5、Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis.【单选题】

　　A.lived on

　　B.depended on

　　C.believed in

　　D.joined in

　　正确答案:B

　　答案解析:显然这些人在危机关头值得依靠。本题有一定难度，考查的是基本意义，C项的干扰最大，有些考生因受汉语思维影响而选了C，rely on和depend on都有“依靠”意思，是近义词，常用过去式，C项believe in指“相信”，和答案意义有差异，最佳答案是B。

　　6、Cell Phone Lets Your Secret OutYour cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names ａｎｄ　numbers that you\ve programmed into it, traces of your DNA linger on the device, according to a new study.DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you- because you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva, ｏｒhair left behind at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify criminals ａｎｄ　their victims. Your cell phone can reveal more about you than you might think.Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cell phone ａｎｄ　later dropped the device. This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phones even when no blood was involved. So she ａｎｄ　colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip open phones of 10 volunteers. They used swabs to collect invisible traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, ａｎｄ　the speaker, which is placed at the user\s ear.The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly of alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones ______ fｏｒanother week. Then the researchers collected the phones ａｎｄ　repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.The scientists discovered DNA that belonged to the phone\s speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, those swabs also picked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also handled the phone. Surprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won\t remove all traces of evidence from a criminal\s device. So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch a crime scene investigation.【单选题】

　　A.upon

　　B.back

　　C.without

　　D.with

　　正确答案:B

　　答案解析:根据上下文的理解，应该选择back：手机拥有者拿回了手机，再使用一个星期。

　　7、The Hurricane1. A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋) around a relative calm center known as the "eye". The "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, ａｎｄ　the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds ａｎｄ　storm surges(风暴潮). The storm surges ａｎｄ　heavy rains can lead to flooding.2. Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, The Gulf of Mexico, ｏｒthe Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the Internaional Date Line are called typhoons near Australia ａｎｄ　in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).3. When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland(内陆的) flooding ａｎｄ　huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses ａｎｄ　public buildings may be damaged ｏｒdestroyed, roads ａｎｄ　bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people ａｎｄ　destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives ａｎｄ　not be able to get to a safe harbｏｒif they do not receive adequate warning.4. If a hurricane is comming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm ａｎｄ　find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane ａｎｄ　go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket ａｎｄ　be sure to keep away from windows ａｎｄ　glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is lull(暂停), it could be the eye of the storm—winds will pick up again.Depending on where they occur, hurricanes have ______.【单选题】

　　A.different labels

　　B.window ａｎｄ　glass doors

　　C.inlａｎｄ　flooding

　　D.early warning

　　E.natural disaster

　　F.a constant speed

　　正确答案:A

　　答案解析:本题难度不大，答案依据比较明显，在文章第二段的.第一句：Hurricanes are given a different label，depending on where they occur.回来看选项，A项符合原文句意，是答案。

　　8、Strike in MTV NetworksScores of workers from MTV Networks walked off the job yesterday afternoon, filling the sidewalk outside the headquarters of its corporate parent, Viacom, to protest recent changes in benefits. The walkout highlighted the concerns of a category of workers who are sometimes called permalancers： permanent freelancers who work like full-time employees but do not receive the same benefits.Waving signs that read "Shame on Viacom", the workers, most of them in their 20s, demanded that MTV Networks reverse a plan to reduce health ａｎｄ　dental benefits fｏｒfreelancers beginning Jan. 1. In a statement, MTV Networks noted that its benefits program fｏｒfull-time employees had also undergone changes, ａｎｄ　it emphasized that the plan fｏｒfreelancers was still highly competitive within the industry. Many freelancers receive no corporate benefits. But some of the protesters asserted that corporations were competing to see which could provide the most mediocre health care coverage. Matthew Yonda, who works at Nickelodeon, held a sign that labeled the network "Sick-elodeon". "I\ve worked here every day fｏｒthree years-I\m not a freelancer," Mr. Yonda said. "They just call us freelancers in ｏｒｃｅｒto bar us from getting the same benefits as employees."The changes to the benefits package were announced last Tuesday. Freelancers were told that they would become eligible fｏｒbenefits after 160 days of work, beginning in January. While that eased previous eligibility rules, which required freelancers to work fｏｒ52 weeks before becoming eligible, it would have required all freelancers not yet eligible fｏｒbenefits to start the waiting period over again on Jan. 1. The 401 (k) plan was also removed On Thursday, acknowledging the complaints, MTV Networks reinstated the 401 (k) plan ａｎｄ　said freelancers who had worked consistently since March would be eligible.Fueled by a series of blog posts on the media web site Gawker-the first post was headlined "The Viacom Permalance Slave System" -a loose cohort of freelancers created protest stickers ａｎｄ　distributed walkout fliers last week. Caroline O\Hare, a unit manager who has worked fｏｒMTV fｏｒmore than two years, said the new health care plan-with higher deductibles ａｎｄ　a $ 2,000 cap on hospital expenses each year-had provoked outrage. "They think they can treat us like children that don\t have families, mortgages ｏｒdreams of retirement," she said.Outside Viacom\s headquarters, several workers held posters with the words, "There\s too many of us to ignore." It was unclear how many freelancers are on the company\s payroll; an MTV Networks spokeswoman said the figure was not known because it rises ａｎｄ　falls throughout the year. The company has 5,500 full-time employees, excluding freelancers, around the world.Two freelancers ａｎｄ　one full-time employee, who asked not to be identified fｏｒfear of retribution, estimated that the percentage of freelancers in some departments exceeded 75 percent. Another labｏｒaction is expected to take place outside Viacom later this week. Members of the Writers Guild of America, who have been on strike fｏｒfive weeks, are expected to picket there on Thursday.According to the new benefits program of MTV Networks, the following freelancers are eligible fｏｒbenefits except ______.【单选题】

　　A.those who have worked fｏｒ160 days

　　B.those who have worked fｏｒ1 year

　　C.those who have worked since March

　　D.those who have worked since Jan. 1

　　正确答案:D

　　答案解析:细节考查题。题干问的是根据MTV网络的新福利方案，除了哪项之外，自由职业者都有资格享受福利。答案参见第三段MTV对新福利方案所做的修改，A项符合。B项在任意情况下均符合。C项在方案修改后符合。只有D不符合，故正确答案为D。

　　9、Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting ａｎｄ　studying all the time will improve students grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too.New research with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didn\t exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn, remember ａｎｄ　pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheel. Mice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain than those who don\t. Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists (神经科学家) from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true fｏｒpeople. First, they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults, ages 58 to 77, after each person walked I mile. Then, participants looked at arrows on a computer screen ａｎｄ　had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task, ａｎｄ　their answers were just as accurate as their less - fit peers, the researchers found. The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible fｏｒpaying attention ａｎｄ　making decisions.In a second study, 15 elderly people who completed a 6 - month aerobic - training (有氧运动) course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching ａｎｄ　toning (韵律操) exercises fｏｒthe same amount of time.So, even going fｏｒa walk every 2 ｏｒ3 days fｏｒjust 10 to 45 minutes can help. That should be good news fｏｒthe elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven\t been studied yet. Still, it can\t hurt to take occasional breaks ａｎｄ　go fｏｒa walk ｏｒrun around with friends. Whatever you do, though, don\t try to read ａｎｄ　walk at the same time. You could end up hurting yourself!After taking exercise fｏｒa few weeks, the mice were found to have ______.【单选题】

　　A.higher blood pressure

　　B.faster heartbeat

　　C.more blood flow to the brain

　　D.better appearance

　　正确答案:C

　　答案解析:本题难度不大，找到答案依据不难。答案依据在文章第三段。带着题干信息词回到文章定位。第三段第二句谈到运动老鼠大脑中的血液流量大于不运动的，回来看选项，很明显，C是近义解释，是答案。

　　10、The town is famous fｏｒits magnificent buildings.【单选题】

　　A.high - rise

　　B.modern

　　C.ancient

　　D.splendid

　　正确答案:D

　　答案解析:这座小镇以华丽的建筑而出名。本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不强。magnificent和splendid都可指“华丽的”，是同义词，A项意为“高层的”，最佳答案是D。

　　职称英语《理工类》模拟题带答案 3

　　第一部分：词汇选项（每题 1 分，共 15 分）

　　1. The new policy will have a profound impact on the economy.

　　A. deep

　　B. slight

　　C. immediate

　　D. obvious

　　答案：A。profound 意思是“深刻的，深远的”，与 deep 同义。

　　2. The experiment yielded some unexpected results.

　　A. produced

　　B. destroyed

　　C. wasted

　　D. confirmed

　　答案：A。yield 在此处意思是“产生，得出”，与 produce 同义。

　　3. The device is extremely sophisticated.

　　A. simple

　　B. complex

　　C. common

　　D. cheap

　　答案：B。sophisticated 表示“复杂的，精密的”，与 complex 意思相近。

　　4. The scientist is renowned for his research in genetics.

　　A. famous

　　B. respected

　　C. criticized

　　D. unknown

　　答案：A。renowned 意为“著名的”，等同于 famous。

　　5. The theory was initially proposed by Einstein.

　　A. finally

　　B. first

　　C. recently

　　D. secretly

　　答案：B。initially 意思是“最初，首先”，与 first 同义。

　　6. The substance is highly toxic.

　　A. poisonous

　　B. valuable

　　C. rare

　　D. useful

　　答案：A。toxic 表示“有毒的”，与 poisonous 同义。

　　7. The project requires a substantial amount of funding.

　　A. small

　　B. large

　　C. fixed

　　D. additional

　　答案：B。substantial 意思是“大量的，可观的”，与 large 相近。

　　8. The building was severely damaged in the earthquake.

　　A. slightly

　　B. badly

　　C. quickly

　　D. easily

　　答案：B。severely 意为“严重地”，等同于 badly。

　　9. The machine operates automatically.

　　A. by hand

　　B. in a complex way

　　C. without human intervention

　　D. with difficulty

　　答案：C。automatically 表示“自动地”，即 without human intervention。

　　10. The data is accurate and reliable.

　　A. wrong

　　B. correct

　　C. doubtful

　　D. out-of-date

　　答案：B。accurate 意思是“准确的”，与 correct 同义。

　　11. The species is on the verge of extinction.

　　A. at the center of

　　B. at the risk of

　　C. on the edge of

　　D. on the top of

　　答案：C。on the verge of 表示“在……边缘，濒临”，与 on the edge of 同义。

　　12. The invention revolutionized the industry.

　　A. changed completely

　　B. improved slightly

　　C. damaged seriously

　　D. stabilized gradually

　　答案：A。revolutionize 意思是“彻底改变，使革命化”，与 change completely 同义。

　　13. The atmosphere in the room was tense.

　　A. relaxed

　　B. stressful

　　C. friendly

　　D. cold

　　答案：B。tense 表示“紧张的”，与 stressful 同义。

　　14. The company is committed to environmental protection.

　　A. interested in

　　B. dedicated to

　　C. responsible for

　　D. involved in

　　答案：B。committed to 意思是“致力于，投身于”，与 dedicated to 同义。

　　15. The view from the top of the mountain is magnificent.

　　A. beautiful

　　B. ordinary

　　C. ugly

　　D. simple

　　答案：A。magnificent 表示“壮丽的，宏伟的”，与 beautiful 同义。

　　第二部分：阅读判断（每题 1 分，共 7 分）

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息在短文中没有提及，请选择 C。

　　The Internet of Things (IoT)

　　The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the network of physical objects or "things" that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet. These "things" can include everything from household appliances like refrigerators and thermostats to industrial equipment and even wearable devices.

　　IoT has the potential to revolutionize many aspects of our lives. For example, in the home, smart thermostats can learn a users preferences and adjust the temperature accordingly, saving energy. In healthcare, wearable devices can monitor a patients vital signs continuously and send the data to doctors in real-time, enabling early detection and treatment of diseases. In transportation, connected vehicles can communicate with each other and with traffic infrastructure to improve traffic flow and safety.

　　However, the growth of IoT also brings some challenges. One of the main concerns is security. With so many devices connected to the Internet, there is a greater risk of cyberattacks. Hackers could potentially gain access to personal data or even take control of critical systems. Another challenge is privacy. The large amount of data collected by IoT devices raises questions about how that data is used and protected.

　　Despite these challenges, the development of IoT is expected to continue at a rapid pace. As technology advances and costs come down, more and more devices will be connected to the Internet, creating a more intelligent and connected world.

　　16. The IoT only includes household appliances.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。短文提到物联网的“事物”包括从家用电器到工业设备甚至可穿戴设备等很多东西，并非仅包括家用电器。

　　17. Smart thermostats can help save energy.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：A。文中明确提到智能恒温器可以学习用户偏好并相应调整温度，从而节省能源。

　　18. Wearable devices in healthcare can only monitor a patients blood pressure.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。文中说可穿戴设备可以持续监测患者的生命体征并实时将数据发送给医生，并非仅能监测血压。

　　19. Connected vehicles have no impact on traffic safety.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。文中提到联网车辆可以相互通信以及与交通基础设施通信以提高交通流量和安全性，说明对交通安全有影响。

　　20. Security is the only concern about IoT.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。短文提到物联网的发展除了安全问题，还有隐私问题等挑战。

　　21. The development of IoT will slow down due to challenges.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。短文最后提到尽管有挑战，但物联网的发展预计仍将快速推进。

　　22. IoT is creating a more intelligent and connected world.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：A。短文结尾提到随着物联网的发展，会创造一个更智能、更互联的世界。

　　第三部分：概括大意与完成句子（每题 1 分，共 8 分）

　　阅读下面这篇短文，请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务：(1) 从第 23 - 26 题后所给的' 6 个选项中为第 1 - 4 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2) 从第 27 - 30 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

　　Renewable Energy Sources

　　(1) Renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly important as the world looks for ways to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and combat climate change. These sources of energy are sustainable and have a much lower environmental impact compared to traditional energy sources.

　　(2) Solar energy is one of the most widely used renewable energy sources. Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight directly into electricity. Solar panels can be installed on rooftops of homes and buildings, providing a clean and reliable source of power. In addition, solar power plants can be built on a large scale to generate electricity for entire communities.

　　(3) Wind energy is another popular renewable energy source. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. They can be installed on land or offshore. Offshore wind farms have the advantage of stronger and more consistent winds, but they are also more expensive to build and maintain.

　　(4) Hydropower is a long-established renewable energy source. It uses the energy of flowing or falling water to generate electricity. Dams are often built to create reservoirs and control the flow of water. However, large dams can have significant environmental and social impacts, such as disrupting fish migrations and displacing local communities.

　　23. Paragraph 1: ______

　　A. The Importance of Renewable Energy

　　B. Solar Energy Installation

　　C. Wind Energy Advantages

　　D. Hydropower Disadvantages

　　E. Types of Renewable Energy

　　F. The Future of Renewable Energy

　　答案：A。第一段主要讲述随着世界寻求减少对化石燃料的依赖和应对气候变化，可再生能源变得越来越重要，即强调其重要性。

　　24. Paragraph 2: ______

　　A. The Importance of Renewable Energy

　　B. Solar Energy Installation

　　C. Wind Energy Advantages

　　D. Hydropower Disadvantages

　　E. Types of Renewable Energy

　　F. The Future of Renewable Energy

　　答案：E。第二段主要介绍太阳能这一可再生能源类型。

　　25. Paragraph 3: ______

　　A. The Importance of Renewable Energy

　　B. Solar Energy Installation

　　C. Wind Energy Advantages

　　D. Hydropower Disadvantages

　　E. Types of Renewable Energy

　　F. The Future of Renewable Energy

　　答案：E。第三段介绍风能这一可再生能源类型。

　　26. Paragraph 4: ______

　　A. The Importance of Renewable Energy

　　B. Solar Energy Installation

　　C. Wind Energy Advantages

　　D. Hydropower Disadvantages

　　E. Types of Renewable Energy

　　F. The Future of Renewable Energy

　　答案：D。第四段主要讲述水电的缺点，如大型水坝对环境和社会的影响。

　　27. Renewable energy sources are important because they are ______.

　　A. only used in developed countries

　　B. sustainable and environmentally friendly

　　C. more expensive than fossil fuels

　　D. difficult to install

　　E. not widely available

　　F. good for climate change

　　答案：B。文中提到可再生能源是可持续的且对环境影响小，也就是可持续且环保。

　　28. Solar panels can be installed on ______.

　　A. the ground only

　　B. rooftops of homes and buildings

　　C. in the desert only

　　D. in the ocean

　　E. near rivers

　　F. in forests

　　答案：B。文中明确说太阳能电池板可安装在家庭和建筑物的屋顶。

　　29. Wind turbines can be installed ______.

　　A. only on mountains

　　B. on land or offshore

　　C. in valleys only

　　D. in cities only

　　E. near lakes

　　F. in jungles

　　答案：B。文中提到风力涡轮机可安装在陆地或海上。

　　30. Hydropower uses the energy of ______.

　　A. the sun

　　B. the wind

　　C. flowing or falling water

　　D. tides

　　E. geothermal heat

　　F. biomass

　　答案：C。文中提到水电利用流动或下落水的能量。

　　第四部分：阅读理解（每题 3 分，共 45 分）

　　第一篇：

　　Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

　　Artificial intelligence (AI) is making significant inroads into the field of medicine. AI systems are being developed to assist doctors in various tasks, from diagnosing diseases to predicting patient outcomes.

　　One area where AI has shown great promise is in medical imaging. AI algorithms can analyze X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs with a high level of accuracy. For example, they can detect early signs of cancer that might be missed by human radiologists. This can lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment, improving patient survival rates.

　　AI is also being used in drug discovery. By analyzing large amounts of data about chemical compounds and their effects, AI can help identify potential new drugs more quickly and efficiently. This can significantly reduce the time and cost required to bring new drugs to market.

　　In addition, AI-powered chatbots are being used to provide patient education and support. These chatbots can answer patients questions about their conditions, treatment options, and medications. They can also provide reminders about appointments and medication schedules.

　　However, the use of AI in medicine also raises some concerns. One concern is the potential for errors. AI systems are only as good as the data they are trained on. If the data is inaccurate or incomplete, the AI system may make incorrect diagnoses or recommendations. Another concern is the issue of liability. If an AI system makes a mistake, it is not clear who should be held responsible - the developers of the system, the hospital using it, or the doctor who relied on it.

　　Despite these concerns, the potential benefits of AI in medicine are vast. As AI technology continues to improve, it is likely to play an increasingly important role in the future of healthcare.

　　31. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. The history of artificial intelligence in medicine.

　　B. The advantages and disadvantages of using artificial intelligence in medicine.

　　C. The different types of artificial intelligence systems used in medicine.

　　D. The future of artificial intelligence in medicine.

　　答案：B。文章主要讲述了人工智能在医学中的应用，包括在医学影像、药物研发、患者教育支持等方面的优势，以及存在错误风险和责任界定等问题，即优点和缺点。

　　32. AI can help in medical imaging by ______.

　　A. replacing human radiologists completely

　　B. reducing the need for X-rays and other scans

　　C. detecting diseases earlier than human radiologists

　　D. making X-rays and other scans more expensive

　　答案：C。文中提到人工智能算法能高精度分析影像，可检测出人类放射科医生可能遗漏的癌症早期迹象，也就是比人类更早检测出疾病。

　　33. In drug discovery, AI can ______.

　　A. only analyze existing drugs

　　B. not reduce the cost of developing new drugs

　　C. identify potential new drugs more quickly

　　D. make the process of drug discovery more difficult

　　答案：C。文中说人工智能通过分析大量数据能更快速有效地识别潜在新药。

　　34. AI-powered chatbots can do the following EXCEPT ______.

　　A. answer patients questions about their conditions

　　B. provide reminders about appointments

　　C. perform surgeries

　　D. give information about treatment options

　　答案：C。文中提到人工智能聊天机器人可回答患者病情、治疗选择、药物等问题，还可提供预约和服药提醒，但未提及能做手术。

　　35. What is a concern about using AI in medicine?

　　A. It will make doctors unemployed.

　　B. It may make incorrect diagnoses.

　　C. It will increase the cost of healthcare.

　　D. It is too difficult to use.

　　答案：B。文中提到使用人工智能在医学中的一个担忧是可能出错，即可能做出错误诊断。

　　第二篇：

　　The Future of Electric Vehicles

　　Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more and more popular as concerns about climate change and air pollution grow. The future of EVs looks promising, with many technological advancements and market trends indicating continued growth.

　　One of the main drivers of the growth of EVs is the improvement in battery technology. Batteries are becoming more energy-dense, allowing EVs to travel longer distances on a single charge. In addition, the cost of batteries is decreasing, making EVs more affordable. For example, some new battery technologies claim to double the range of current EVs while reducing the cost by half.

　　Another factor contributing to the growth of EVs is the increasing availability of charging infrastructure. More and more public charging stations are being installed, both in urban areas and along highways. This makes it more convenient for EV owners to travel longer distances. In addition, some companies are developing wireless charging technologies that could make charging even more seamless.

　　The automotive industry is also investing heavily in the development of EVs. Major car manufacturers are introducing new EV models with improved performance and features. These models are not only more environmentally friendly but also offer a great driving experience. For example, some EVs can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in a matter of seconds, rivaling the performance of high-performance gasoline-powered cars.

　　However, there are still some challenges that need to be overcome. One challenge is the limited range of some EVs, especially in cold weather. Another challenge is the long charging time compared to refueling a gasoline-powered car. Additionally, the production of EVs requires a large amount of rare earth metals, which could pose a supply chain issue.

　　Despite these challenges, the future of EVs is bright. As technology continues to improve and the market matures, EVs are likely to become the dominant mode of transportation in the coming decades.

　　36. What is the main reason for the increasing popularity of electric vehicles?

　　A. They are cheaper than gasoline-powered cars.

　　B. Concerns about climate change and air pollution.

　　C. The availability of more models.

　　D. The ease of driving.

　　答案：B。文章开头提到随着对气候变化和空气污染的担忧增加，电动汽车越来越受欢迎。

　　37. Battery technology improvements lead to ______.

　　A. shorter charging times

　　B. higher prices for EVs

　　C. longer ranges and lower costs for EVs

　　D. more complex manufacturing processes

　　答案：C。文中提到电池技术改进使电池能量密度更高，单次充电行驶距离更长，且成本降低。