2016年托福考试语法词汇专项习题及答案

　　1. _________ denotes currency in circulation plus bank deposits.

　　A. The term “money supply”

　　B. The term is “money supply”

　　C. When the term “money supply”

　　D. “Money supply” is the term

　　答案：A

　　分析：缺主语。B，D中出现两个谓语，一定错。C中when多余，使得句子不完整。

　　参考译文：术语货币储备是指流通货币加上银行存款。

　　2. The Franklin stove， invented around 1742， ________， originally with a partially open front， and was designed to fit into a fireplace.

　　A. was made of cast iron

　　B. cast iron was made of

　　C. cast of iron was made

　　D. was of iron made cast

　　答案：A

　　分析：invented around 1742为插入语，2个was为并列谓语。be made of 为固定搭配。

　　参考译文：Franklin火炉发明于1742年，是用铁浇铸的，原先前面可以部分打开，而且设计成能正好装进壁炉。

　　3. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness _________.

　　A. having eaten

　　B. that they are eaten

　　C. are eaten

　　D. when eaten

　　答案：D

　　分析：状语从句的省略结构。省略条件：由特定的状语从句引导词：although， though， even though， if， when， while， as， whether; 从句为主系表结构;从句主语和主句主语一致。省略方式：要同时省略主语和系动词。原句为：…… when mushrooms are eaten.

　　参考译文：吃了一些种类的蘑菇会造成死亡或重大疾病。

　　4. Some critics maintain _________ the mystery novel is a symbolic ritual of guilt and retribution.

　　A. is that

　　B. that there is

　　C. it is

　　D. that

　　答案：D

　　分析：that引导宾语从句。A，C中出现两个谓语动词，错;B中that引导的从句出现两个谓语动词，错。

　　参考译文：一些评论家认为神秘小说是罪与罚象征性的仪式

　　5. _________ all cherry trees are very attractive when in bloom， some species with inferior fruit are cultivated especially for their flowers.

　　A. Although

　　B. There are

　　C. It is

　　D. That

　　答案：A

　　分析：后面句子完整，且出现了两个谓语动词，此处缺连接词。

　　参考译文：尽管所有的樱桃树在开花的时候都很美丽，但它们中的一些不结果的种类专门种植用来观赏他们的花的。6. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations， geneticists use the theory of probability.

　　A. The calculation of

　　B. To calculate

　　C. Is calculating

　　D. Calculated

　　答案：B

　　分析：to calculate，这里用不定式表示“目的”，前半句的逻辑主语是geneticists，只有B符合要求;A中只有主语，句子不完整。

　　参考译文：遗传学家运用概率的理论来计算在后代中拥有相似特点个体占有的`百分比。

　　补充：如同A的形式，逗号前面就是一个名词短语，然而正确的句子里，名词短语要么作为主语的同位语，要么本身是主语，如11题。否则就是脱离句子成分，成为错误。

　　7. Big-band uaaz relies on fixed arrangements， where_______than one instrument playing some of the parts， rather than on improvisation.

　　A. is more

　　B. whenever more

　　C. there is more

　　D. more

　　答案：C

　　分析：where引导状语从句，后面缺主谓。

　　参考译文：大型乐队爵士依赖于固定的安排，其中演奏相同部分音乐的乐器超过一个，而不是现声发挥。

　　8. Because of _________ diversity， seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists.

　　A. them

　　B. so that

　　C. those

　　D. their

　　答案：D

　　分析：those是泛指，这里应该用their来特指seven separate groupings or divisions of algae.

　　参考译文：因为海藻们的不同特性，植物学家把他们分成7个不同的组别或分支。

　　9. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused by an imbalance of humors in the body.

　　A. in disease

　　B. that disease

　　C. of disease

　　D. about disease

　　答案：B

　　分析：动词believe 的用法：直接加that引导的宾语从句。这里that为连接adv.，在句中不作任何成分，其后接完整句。

　　参考译文：大多数殖民时期的医生认为疾病来源人体内不平衡的体液。

　　10. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.

　　A. she was the first woman to conduct

　　B. the first woman conductor

　　C. the woman was first conducting

　　D. the woman conducts first

　　答案：B

　　分析：缺宾语，答案中只有B，D可以作宾语，但D的语序不对。

　　参考译文：1976，Sarah Caldwell成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House演出的演奏家。

　　补充：常考 the first/second/… one to do sth

　　11. On January 7， 1955， Marian Anderson became _________ to sing a major role at New York City’s Metropolitan Opera House.

　　A. the first African American

　　B. the first African American was

　　C. she was the first African American

　　D. when the first African American

　　答案：A

　　分析：缺宾语，C， D都不能作宾语。一句话中只能有一个谓语，而B中有was，句中出现两个谓语，一定错。

　　参考译文：1955年1月7号，Marian Anderson成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House担任主唱的美籍黑人。

　　12. Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the United States， _________ when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.

　　A. and accelerated a phenomenon

　　B. a phenomenon that accelerated

　　C. accelerating a phenomenon which，

　　D. the acceleration of which phenomenon

　　答案：B

　　分析：考的是同位语结构，a phenomenon是 the decentralization of cities throughout the United States 的同位语。A中and为conj.，后面应该连接一个完整的句子，但缺主语，错;C中语序混乱，错; D中of which作为介词宾语，后面应该接一个完整句，但只有一个phenomenon主语，句子不完整，错。

　　参考译文：可能战后最重大的趋势就是美国城市的分散化，当大规模高速公路建设项目容许了更大程度的发展郊区，这个现象更被促进了。

　　补充： accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve都可以是vi.不接宾语

　　13. Ronald Reagan had served two terms as governor of California before _________ President.

　　A. he became

　　B. when becoming

　　C. became

　　D. did he become

　　答案：A

　　分析：before为状语从句引导词conj，后面一般引导一个完整的句子。B同时出现两个状语从句引导词，错;C缺主语;D应该为正常语序，选项中使用了倒装句式，错。

　　14. Frances Perkins， _________ of the United States cabinet， served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.

　　A. the first female member

　　B. was the first female member