2017年全国英语等级考试五级真题训练
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Section 111 Reading Comprehension
( 50 minutes)
Part A
Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany., them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Text 1
As long as her parents can remember, 13-year-old Katie Hart has been talking about going to college. Her mother, Tally, a financial-aid officer at a California University, knows all too well the daunting thing of paying for a college education. Last year the average yearly tuition at a private, four-year school climbed 5.5 percent to more than $17, 000. The Harts have started saving, and figure they can afford a public university without a problem. But what if Katie applies to Princeton ( she' s threatening), where one year' s tuition, room and board-almost $ 34, 000 in 2007-will cost more than some luxury cars? Even a number cruncher like Tally admits it' s a little scary, especially since she' 11 retire and Katie will go to college at around the same time.
Paying for college has always been a hard endeavor. The good news: last year students collected $ 74 billion in financial aid, the most ever. Most families pay less than full freight. Sixty percent of public-university students and three quarters of those at private colleges receive some form of financial aid-mostly, these days, in the form of loans. But those numbers are not as encouraging as they appear for lower-income families, because schools are changing their formulas for distributing aid. Eager to boost their magazine rankings, which are based in part on the test scores of entering freshmen, they' re throwing more aid at smarter kids--whether they need it or not.
The best way to prepare is to start saving early. A new law passed last year makes that easier for some families. So-called 529 plans allow parents to sock away funds in federal-tax-free-investment accounts, as long as the money is used for "qualified educaion expenses" like tuition, room and board. The plans aren' t for everyone. For tax reasons, some lower and middle income families may be better off choosing other investments. But saving is vital.
When' s the best time to start? "Sometime, " says Jack Joyce of the College Board, "between the maternity ward and middle school. "
Aid packages usually come in some combination of grants, loans and jobs. These days 60 percent of all aid comes in the form of low-interest loans. All students are eligible for "unsubsidized" federal Stafford loans, which let them defer interest payments until after graduation. Students who can demonstrate need can also qualify for federal Perkins loans or "subsidized" Staffords, where the government pays the interest during school. Fortunately, this is a borrower' s market. "Interest rates are at their lowest level in the history of student loans, " says Mark Kantrowitz, publisher of Finaid. Kantrowitz expects rates to fall even further when they' re reviewed this summer.
Traditional scholarships, academic or athletic, are still a part of many families' planning. Mack Reiter, a 17-year-old national wrestling champion, gets so many recruiting letters he throws most away. He' 11 almost certainly get a free ride. Without it, "we would really be in a bind, " says his mother, Janet. For everyone else, it' s worth the effort to pick through' local .and national scholarship offerings, which can be found Ol—— Web sites like college-board, com.
51. What does the author intend to illustrate with the example of the Harts?
A. The difficulty of paying the tuition.
B. The far-sight of the parents.
C. The promising future of Katie.
D. The increasing tuition in the university.
52. What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A. Some families are too poor to pay the full amount of the tuition.
B. The parents do not favor the form of loans.
C. Paying the tuition makes the parents feel humble.
D. Those who are in great need may not get what they need.
53. The last paragraph suggests that __
A. many recruiting letters failed to provide Mack Reiter with scholarships
B. Mack Reiter wanted to help his family go out of the trouble
C. traditional scholarships are a good solution to the tuition problems in some families
D. Mack Reiter was very proud of his national wrestling championship
54. What does the author mean by "better off" ( Line 4, Paragraph 3 ) ?
A. Richer.
B. Wiser.
C. Happier.
D. Luckier.
55. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The Harts prefer a public university to a private one.
B. It is much easier to pay the tuition at present.
C. All students can get the aid package.
D .Traditional scholarships are still attractive to some families.
Text 2
It was late in the afternoon, and I was putting the final touch on a piece of writing that I was feeling pretty good about. I wanted to save it, but my cursor had frozen. I tried to shut the computer down, andit seized up altogether. Unsure of what else to do, I yanked (用力猛拉) the battery out:
Unfortunately, Windows had been in the midst of a delicate and crucial undertaking. The next morning, when I turned my computer back on, it informed me that a file had been corrupted and Windows would not load. Then, it offered to repair itself by using the Windows Setup CD.
I opened the special drawer where I keep CDs, but no Windows CD in there. I was forced to call the computer company' s Global Support Centre. My call was answered by a woman in.some unnamed, far-off land. I fred it annoying to make small talk with someone when I don' t know what continent they' re standing on. Suppose I were to comment on the beautiful weather we've been having when there was a monsoon at the otber end of the phone? So I got right to the point.
"My computer is telling me a file is corrupted and it wants to fix itself, but I don' t have the Windows Setup CD. "
"So you' re having a problem with your Windows Setup CD. " She has apparently been dozing and, having come to just as the sentence ended, was attempting to cover for her inattention.
It quickly became clear that the woman was not a computer technician. Her job was to serve as a gatekeeper, a human shield for the technicians. Her sole duty, as far as I could tell, was to raise global stress levels.
To make me disappear, the woman:gave me the phone number for Windows' creator, Microsoft. This is like giving someone the phone number for, I don' t know, North America. Besides, the CD worked; I just didn't have it. No matter how many times I repeated my story, we came back to the same place. She was calm and resolutely polite.
When my voice hit a certain decibel (分贝), I was passed along, like a hot, irritable potato, to a technician.
"You don' t have the Windows Setup CD, ma' am, because you don' t need it, " he explained cheerfully.
"Windows came preinstalled on your computer!"
"But I do need it. "
"Yes, but you don't have it. " We went on like this for a while. ,Finally, he offered to walk me through the use of a different CD, one that would erase my entire system. "Of course, you' d lose all your e-mail, your documents, your photos. " It was like offering to drop a safe on my head to cure my headache. "You might be able to recover them, but it would be expensive. " He sounded delighted. "And it' s not coveted by the warranty ( 产品保证书) !" The safe began to seem like a good idea, provided it was full.
I hung up the phone and drove my computer to a small, friendly repair place I' d heard about. A smart, helpful man dug out a Windows CD and told me it wouldn't be a problem. An hour later, be called to let me know it was ready. I thanked him, and we chatted about the weather, which was the same outside my window as it was outside his.
56. Why did the author shut down her computer abruptly?
A. She had saved what she had written.
B. She couldn't move the cursor.
C. The computer refused to work.
D. The computer offered to repair itself.
57. Which of the following is the author' s opinion about the woman at the Global Support Centre?
A. She sounded helpful and knowledgeable.
B. She was there to make callers frustrated.
C. She was able to solve her computer problem. ,
D. She was quick to pass her along to a technician.
58. According to the passage, the solution offered by the technician was __
A. effective
B. economical
C. unpractical
D. unacceptable
59. "It was like offering to drop a safe on my head to cure my headache" in the last but one paragraph means that
A. the technician's proposal would make things even worse
B. the technician' s proposal could eventually solve the problem
C. files stored on her computer were like a safe
D. erasing the entire system was like curing a headache
60. It can be inferred from the passage that the differences between the Global Support Centre and the local repair shop lie in all the following EXCEPT
A.efficiency
B. location
C. Setup CDs
D. attitude
Text 3
Women' s minds work differently from men' s. At least, that is what most men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subject either as a matter or frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better or worse.
There is, however, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes-the link between the two halves of the brain.
The two halves are linked by a trunkline of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corpus callosum. Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibers than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance. The question is “What?” and, if this difference exists, are there others? Research shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences. But could we be wrong?
Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. For most people, the left half is used for wordhanding, analytical and logical activities; the right half works on pictures, patterns and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And, according to research findings, women have the better connections.
But it isn' t all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at "language subjects" and boys better at maths and physics. If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunkline, there is an unalterable dis- tinction between the sexes.
We shah' t know for a while, partly because we don' t know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subject and the functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand how the two halves inter-act via the corpus callosum. But this striking difference must have some effect and, because the difference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing.
61. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A. Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have given up.
B. Brain differences point to superiority of one sex over the other.
C. Results of scientific research fail to support popular belief.
D. The structural difference in the brain between the sexes has long been known.
62. According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain differences are caused by __ factors.
A. biological B. psychological C. physical I D ] social
63. "these differences" in paragraph 5 refer to those in __
A. skills of men and women
B. school subjects
C. the brain structure of men and women
D. activities carried out by the brain
64. At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on __
A. the brain structure as a whole
B. the functioning of part of the brain
C. the distinction between the sexesE D] the effects of the corpus callosum
65. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To outline the research findings on the brain structure.
B. To explain the link between sex and brain structure.
C. To. discuss the various factors that cause brain differences.
D. To suggest new areas in brain research.
Section HI Reading Comprehension《共计35分，权重35%)
PartA(每小题1分，共计l5分)
Textl
短文赏析
本文采用提出问题——分析问题的模式，指出支付高昂的大学学费对很多家庭来说都有些力不从心，以及一些助学贷款及其他资助项目所起的作用。第一段提出问题，以哈特家为例，说明支付大学学费对家庭造成的压力;第二段指出大多数家庭支付大学学费的方式以及存在的一些问题：第三段指出家庭存钱的作用;第四段指出资助项目的形式;第五段指出传统奖学金的吸引力。
答案及解析
51.A【解析】原文对应信息是：“Even...Tally admits it’S a little scary， especially since she’11 retire and Katie will go to college at around the same time.”意为“面l临自己将要退休，同时孩子要上大学，这确实有点令人害怕。”我们可知Tally对支付自己女儿的学费有点害怕。B、C、D均不是作者想要表达的原因。所以本题应选A。
52.D【解析】原文对应信息是：“Eager to boost their magazine rankings，which are based in part on the test scores of entering freshmen，they’re throwing mole aid at smarter kids--whether they need it or not.”该句话说明“学校为了提高其杂志排名，就在经济上给予那些比较聪明的孩子较大的帮助，不管他们需不需要帮助”。由此可以看出，急需帮助的学生并不一定就能获得帮助。所以A、B、C均不符合题意。所以本题应选D。
53.C【解析】原文对应信息是：“Traditional scholarships，academic or athletic.are still a part of many families’planning.”意为“许多家庭还在依赖传统的奖学金，不管是学习上的还是体育上的。”所以本题应选C。
54.B 【解析】文中提到的方案有助于存钱，但这样的方案并不适用于每一个人，然后给出了其中的一个原因，来说明对于低收入和中等收入的家庭来讲，选择其他投资方式会比这种方式好。由此可猜出词义。所以本题应选B。
55.D 【解析】选项A意思不准确，文中提到公立大学和私立大学的学费问题，但并没有表明家长的态度和倾向;选项B意思不对，文中对应信息是第二段;申请贷款并不是无条件的，这是选项C的错误所在。综观全文，可以看出传统意义上的奖学金还是很有吸引力的。所以本题应选D。
Text2
短文赏析
本文讲述了作者在对自己认为非常满意的'一篇文章收尾时，电脑出问题了，之后与全球技术支持中心的客服联络的过程。作者认为那个女客服一点都不合格，她的解释只会令人越听越糊涂。但是接下来女客服把微软的电话号码告诉作者之后，技术人员的解释依然令人费解，甚至最后试图敷衍了事。经过一番折腾之后，作者送到附近的小店里维修之后，一切恢复正常。文章带有幽默讽刺的意味，以两个人在同一地点谈论同一天气结束。
答案及解析
56.B【解析】第一段中，作者说自己想保存文件，但是光标不动了，死机了。只有把电池拔出强行关机，所以排除A，D。c中说电脑拒绝工作，不合题意。所以本题应选B。
57.B【解析】此题是有关作者态度的问题。由第5、6段可以看出女客服的回答令人很不满，很沮丧。所以本题应选B。
58.D【解析】此题问技术员的回答如何。文章中“But I do need it.”“Yes.but you don’t have it.”We went on like this for a while.Fi-nally.he offered to walk me through…可以看出“技术员最后是在敷衍作者，没有提出一个合理的解决办法”。所以本题应选D。
59.A【解析】“It was like offering to drop a safe on my head to cure my headache.”意为“就像给我提供一个保险箱放我头上来治愈我的头痛一样。”含蓄讽刺地说技术员提供的建议不可采取。所以本题应选A。
60.C【解析】由文中可知全球技术支持中心跟当地修理店的区别在于，当地修理店效率高，地点近，态度好。题目问的是除了哪个选项以外，其他都是二者的不同。所以本题应选C。
Text3
短文赏析
这篇有关大脑结构的文章，介绍男性、女性大脑结构及工作方式的不同，以及科学家的研究成果。男女大脑的工作方式有别不是指哪个好哪个坏，而是在处理复杂事件时.脑的不同部分起的作用不同。男女大脑的结构不同，科学家们发现女性的胼胝体的神经元比男性的要大，要丰富。左右大脑控制的部位各不相同。左大脑是用来文字处理。分析和进行逻辑动的;而右大脑是对图片、图式和形式起作用的。我们需要两边协调共同作用。两半脑连接得越好，那么两半边在一起的协调就越好。据研究发现，女性的两半脑之间的连接更好一些。作者说我们不知道学校学生的能力和大脑两半球功能之间的确切关系。我们不懂大脑两半球是如何通过胼胝体相互作用的。最后作者间接地提出期望，希望能对胼胝体对人体的影响多做研究工作。
答案及解析
61.c【解析】选项A即心理学家已经放弃，而生物学家正在展开研究工作。而文中第三句话说“Psychologists view the subject either as a matter of frustration or a joke，”即心理学家认为这个研究不是一件沮丧的事，就是一个笑话，此句和选项A含义不一样。选项B即大脑区别显示出一个性别优于另外一个性别。而文中第一段最后一句话说“But being different，they point out hurriedly，is not the same as being better or worse.”即他们指出尽管有区别，但并不能说明谁优谁劣，此句和选项B含义不一样。选项D两性大脑结构的区别早已为人所知。而文中第三段第三句话说“This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men...”即这是第一次人们发现了两性大脑结构的不同，此句和选项D含义不一样。所以本题应选C。
62.D【解析】根据这篇文章，普遍认为大脑的区别由什么因素引起的?短文第三段倒数第二句话说“We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences.”即我们认为社会的影响造成了这些区别。A、B、C均不符合题意。所以本题应选D。
63.A【解析】“这些区别”指的是什么?短文第五段主题句说“But it isn’t all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis.”即在此基础上解释两性技能的区别并不是很容易的事。由此可见，“这些区别”指的是两性技能。所以本题应选A。
64.D【解析】文章的结尾，作者说我们不知道学校学生的能力和大脑两半球功能之间的确切关系;我们不懂大脑两半球是如何通过cor-pus callosum相互作用的;间接地提出对于corpus callosum的影响，多作研究工作。所以本题应选D。
65.A【解析】文章的主要目的是什么?短文介绍科学家在有关大脑结构方面的研究成果。B、C、D只是片面上的。所以本题应选A。
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