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2016高考英语模拟试卷及答案
2016年普通高等学校招生英语模拟试卷
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
A
One morning last week I looked out of my study window and saw that it was a fine day. No, it was a glorious day: the sun shone down from a sky with not even a single cloud.
But later that day, hard at work at my desk, I heard a loud drumming noise on the roof. Turning to the window, I saw that the sky was now the color of charcoal. Rain was beginning to fall; two minutes later the rain became hail; at some point, the hail became snow. Rain, hail or snow, it was all wet, making rivers of water.
This story will give you some idea about weather in Britain. It’s extremely variable. Go ahead with your picnic in the local park by all means, but don’t assume that because the sun is shining now, it will be when you open your pack of sandwiches; better take an umbrella, just in case.
The weather in Britain is by no means always bad. The weather can just seem a lot like a person who has a lot of mood swings.
This is one of the biggest reasons why the British talk so often about the weather: it’s handy. Wherever there are strangers standing or sitting close together, and talk cannot be avoided, the conversation focuses on the weather: “Yes, the weather has been good, hasn’t it? Three whole days of sunshine this May!” or “What shocking weather we’ve been having!” The unreliability of the weather is something that every Brit can agree on. That makes it a safe topic of conversation.
Thus, the weather’s unpredictability is actually a plus for the British, a very useful bit of our culture. Even those with different opinions on everything else in the world, such as the current argument in the UK about membership of the European Union, can talk about the weather without it leading to a shouting match. Long live rainstorms in mid-July!
1. The writer wrote the article mainly to ______.
A. describe his own experiences of the different weather in Britain
B. remind people to take an umbrella whenever they have to go out in Britain
C. prove the uncertainty of the weather in Britain
D. describe the weather and the way people talk about weather in Britain
2. The main characteristic of British weather is ______.
A. changeability B. stability
C. lack of sunshine D. continuous rain
3. The British often start conversations by talking about the weather because ________.
A. they seldom trust the weather forecast
B. the variable weather is a safe topic of conversation
C. they are all interested in predicting weather
D. they like complaining about the terrible weather
4. It can be inferred from the article that the author holds a(n) ________ attitude toward the weather in Britain.
A. negative B. critical C. indifferent D. positive
B
British people who go to the US are very likely to hear one sentence a lot: “I just love listening to your accent!” Sometimes it seems that Americans can’t get enough of the way we sound. And a recent survey has supported this idea.
The airline British Airways asked over 1,000 British people and 1,000 Americans to tell them their choice for the sexiest accent. And the results were unsurprising for any Britons who have spent time in the US – people in the US said our accent was their favorite.
However, perhaps surprisingly, they didn’t say they went craziest for the “Queen’s English”. They made it clear that a Scottish accent, like that of tennis player Andy Murray or actor Ewan McGregor, who starred in the movie Moulin Rouge! (《红磨坊》，2001) was their preferred kind of British accent.
When asked to choose their sexiest accent, Britons went for the voice of US actor Morgan Freeman, who starred in The Shawshank Redemption (《肖申克的救赎》，1994) and Lucy (《超体》，2014). This was probably because the actor’s voice is known to be easy to listen to and sounds intelligent. More generally, Britons also chose the New York accent, which caused The Huffington Post’s American editor Suzy Strutner to write, “Wait ... what?” in disbelief. Funnily enough, only one in five Britons asked could find New York on a map, so they may have been thinking of a different accent when they chose one that many in the US think is uncultured.
More than anything, the survey perhaps shows how accents can sound very different to people who are not used to hearing them. For example, I personally enjoy the sound of many American accents, but people from the US can’t believe that I would prefer them to ones from my own country. The results of the survey also support this idea, as Britons and Americans’ overall sexiest accent belongs to the emotional and loving Italians. Perhaps you just sound better when you speak to people you don’t spend much time with!
5. The article is mainly about ______.
A. a comparison of British and American accents
B. a survey about the sexiest accents
C. why Americans and Britons love each other’s accents
D. the fact that Britons and Americans’ favorite accents are unfamiliar ones
6. According to the survey, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Americans were found to think that British accents in movies sound sexier.
B. Britons feel surprised that their accent is popular with Americans.
C. The “Queen’s English” is regarded as the sexiest accent by Americans.
D. A Scottish accent was unexpectedly found to be Americans’ favorite accent.
7. Many Americans think the New York accent is ______.
A. the sexiest American accent
B. spoken by people with a lower level of education
C. easy to understand and sounds intelligent
D. favored by American actors and editors
8. It can be concluded from the article that ______.
A. the author prefers British accents to American ones
B. the sexiest accents belong to actors
C. people may prefer an accent that they are unfamiliar with
D. there is no arguing with the fact that everyone thinks the Italian accent is the sexiest accent in the world
C
He is probably the greatest artist of the 20th century. As CBS said, Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) “defined modern art”.
In the 1960s, English writer John Berger even compared the Spanish artist to King Midas, a figure from Greek mythology. Everything Midas touched turned into gold. It seemed to Berger that everything Picasso painted was affected by a similar type of magic.
In fact, much of the “magic” came from Picasso’s revolutionary style of painting. Before Picasso, an artist had made a painting like a window – they painted to make it look like there was depth. You could tell which objects were “close” to you and which objects were “far away”, as if the picture were a window you were looking through.
But Picasso and his colleague Georges Braque (1882-1963) thought that a painting wasn’t a window on the world; they believed that it was marks and lines on a flat surface. Why should an object be shown only from one angle? A guitar looks very different depending on which angle one looks at it from.
Their answer was to show all the angles. Then they broke the guitar up into pieces. It was an analytical approach to art, which gave this style of painting its name: “analytic cubism (解析立体主义)”. You can take a closer look at these types of paintings in Beijing on May 28 at the Picasso in China Art Exhibition. The exhibition will include 83 of the artist’s paintings. Most of these masterpieces will be shown in Beijing for the first time. With a worth of over a billion euros (around 7.3 billion yuan), the show will be “the largest and most valuable Picasso exhibit in Beijing”, according to China Daily.
Why did Picasso feel such a need to change things? Well, the world around him was changing. Science was turning people’s ideas upside down. Einstein’s relativity was proving what we knew about time and space to be wrong. It’s often said that Picasso was like Einstein with a paintbrush.
And it was not only science that was making waves. New political movements like socialism were on the rise. The world was becoming different; artists needed to start seeing and painting it differently.
A famous and terrifying painting, Guernica (1937) shows the horror caused to the town of Guernica by bombs during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939).
In the picture, the sky actually falls in. Picasso could not have painted it without using the skills he had learned during his cubist period. Taking a guitar to pieces was his preparation for showing the world being blown to pieces.
to write, however busy he or she is.
9. What is the article mainly about?
A. Picasso’s revolutionary style of painting.
B. What inspired Picasso to develop into a great artist.
C. Why Picasso’s paintings have a lasting popularity.
D. The background of the birth of analytic cubism.
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the painting revolution started by Picasso and Georges Braque?
A. They tried to make their paintings look like windows.
B. They painted like there was depth in their paintings.
C. They showed the different angles of an object in their paintings.
D. They painted violins that they had broken into pieces.
11. Picasso started analytic cubism because _______.
A. he believed art needed to change to follow the changing world
B. he wanted to apply Einstein’s theory of relativity to painting
C. new political movements had forced art to change
D. he wanted to make waves like Einstein
12. The painting Guernica is mentioned in the last two paragraphs to show _______.
A. the main themes of Picasso’s paintings
B. political movements that influenced Picasso’s paintings
C. what Picasso had learned during the cubist period
D. that Picasso’s analytical approach made it a masterpiece
D
Using tools, making fires, standing up straight ... of all the things that make humans unique, one that has been overlooked is the shoulder. Yet it has had a huge part to play in human evolution.
Contrary to popular belief, humans did not evolve from apes (猿猴) like chimpanzees. In fact, we share a common ancestor and move apart from our ape relatives 6 to 7 million years ago. Until recently, we didn’t know much about this common ancestor.
By studying the changing shape of scapular (肩胛的) bones, scientists from the University of California San Francisco, US were able to get a good picture of what our common ancestor would have looked like. The team created a 3-D simulation (模拟) of different human and ape scapulas and tested several different theories to see which made the most sense.
As the study found out, the best explanation for the shoulder shapes is a slow change, starting with the last common ancestor and ending in humans. The study also showed that the last common ancestor looked much more like apes than it did modern humans. This suggests apes have changed very little in the past 7 million years while humans have evolved a lot.
These changes can be easily explained by the lifestyles of early humans as they moved out of forests and started using tools. For apes, the scapular spine (肩胛脊), which is the part sticking out from the bone, is vertical and points toward the skull (头骨). This helps the arms when climbing or swinging through the trees. In contrast, a lateral (侧向的) one that was slowly formed in early humans would have been much more effective in using tools, especially when it came to throwing stones.
“Our unique throwing ability likely helped our ancestors hunt and protect themselves, turning our species into the most dominant predators (捕食者) on earth,” said Neil Roach, PhD, a human evolutionary biology fellow at Harvard University in the US.
Understanding the evolution of the human shoulder could help researchers to decide when humans began using tools more, and even when they learned to throw and hunt with weapons (武器).v
The information could also be helpful in understanding why some people are better at doing things like throwing or lifting and why certain people are more likely to suffer shoulder injuries.
13. What did scientists from the University of California San Francisco find from their study?
A. Humans evolved from apes 6 to 7 million years ago.
B. Apes have evolved a lot in the past 7 million years.
C. The changing shape of bones in the shoulder throws new light on human evolution.
D. Our common ancestor with apes looked a lot like modern humans.
14. What can we conclude from Paragraphs 5-6?
A. Early humans’ slowly-formed vertical scapular spines made them great throwers and predators.
B. Apes’ lateral scapular spine gave them an advantage when climbing or swinging through the trees.
C. Their throwing skills probably helped early humans and apes better protect themselves.
D. Changes in early humans’ shoulder shapes were probably driven by their increased use of tools at first.
15. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?
A. The significance of the study.
B. The background of the study.
C. Other studies related to the evolution of the human shoulder.
D. How the study could help us understand changes in humans’ behavior.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Around 200 years ago, a well-known English poet called John Keats attacked science. He said that British scientist Isaac Newton had “unweaved (拆解) the rainbow”. Newton explained how light forms a rainbow. For Keats, this explanation meant rainbows could no longer be beautiful 16.
We often hear people talk of problems with science, or say that it is boring. Some people, like Keats, also say that science takes away the beauty of the world. But is this fair?
First of all, science helps us get things done. 17. When you are studying science in school, remember that one day you might be using that knowledge to build a bridge, or save a life. Next time you use your phone to send a message, remember that this is possible thanks to science. When Keats criticized Newton, the very paper he wrote on was created through science.
Beyond helping society and getting things done, science also makes us think in a certain way. 18.
It teaches us never to trust our assumptions (假设). It teaches us that sometimes, the truth is stranger than fiction.
When you study science, remember what it means. 19. Humans once looked up at rainbows, and said that they were beautiful. Science explained them, and they were no longer mysterious to us. 20. Through science, we can find new rainbows: mysteries that lie beyond the stars themselves.
A. But discovery never stops.
B. This is just one example of many.
C. It asks us to believe things only through evidence.
D. Science is closely associated with our lives.
E. It is a constant search for truth and knowledge.
F. It helps us understand the world in which we live and how it works.
G. Think of science as a tool to discover how plants, animals and humans interact and evolve on Earth.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Annual Letters
Shortly after my daughter Juli-Ann was born, I started a loving tradition. Every year, on her birthday, I write an Annual Letter to her. I 21 to the letter photographs, presents and many other types of mementos that would have otherwise 22 as the years passed.
I keep a 23 in my desk drawer in which, all year long, I 24 things that I want to include in the envelope containing her next Annual Letter. When her 25 approaches, I take out that folder and find it 26 of ideas, thoughts and memories of all sorts, many of which I have already forgotten and 27 put into that year’s Annual Letter.
Once the letter is written and all the 28 are inserted into the envelope, I seal it. It then becomes that year’s Annual Letter. It is a time capsule of 29 from every different year of her life.
Our tradition is that I show her the 30 envelope, with writing that says she may read it when she is 21. Then I take her to the bank, open the safe deposit box and 31 that year’s Annual Letter on top of the growing pile.
In recent years, Juli-Ann has given me some of her 32 childhood treasures that she is growing too old for but which she does not want to 33 . And she asks me to 34 them in her Annual Letter so that she will always have them.
That 35 of writing her Annual Letters is now one of my most sacred duties as a dad. One day, we were sitting with friends 36 what we would be doing in the future. I cannot recall the exact words spoken, 37 it went something like this: I jokingly told Juli-Ann, “On your 21st birthday, you will be graduating from university.” “No,” she said. “I will be too busy 38 !”
One of my deepest desires is to be alive and 39 to enjoy that wonderful time in the future when the time capsules are opened and the mountains of love come out of the 40 , back into my adult daughter’s life.
By Raymond L. Aaron
21. A. add B. react C. relate D. turn
22. A. gathered B. disappeared C. changed D. remained
23. A. bag B. box C. bottle D. folder
24. A. buy B. hide C. place D. examine
25. A. party B. birthday C. holiday D. show
26. A. full B. free C. worthy D. short
27. A. secretly B. calmly C. slowly D. eagerly
28. A. pages B. articles C. treasures D. photos
29. A. hope B. love C. success D. choice
30. A. folded B. sealed C. hand-made D. decorated
31. A. pick B. read C. cover D. place
32. A. dull B. common C. special D. useful
33. A. leave B. waste C. keep D. lose
34. A. throw B. ignore C. include D. take
35. A. tradition B. love C. experience D. thought
36. A. talking B. wondering C. learning D. deciding
37. A. but B. and C. though D. while
38. A. writing B. traveling C. working D. reading
39. A. away B. present C. free D. curious
40. A. bedroom B. bank C. future D. past
第II卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Can I have a glass of hot water?” This is a very common question for Chinese customers in a restaurant. But 41. you go abroad, you may find that meals in the West tend to come with tall glasses of ice water.
For most Chinese people, 42. (drink) hot water is part of everyday life. It is believed that water of a warm temperature (25-30 C) is good for people’s health, 43. (especial) for the stomach.
But for many Western people, they drink cold water even in winter. One possible reason is 44.
in Western countries people can drink water directly from the tap, rather than having to boil 45. . And it’s also normal to jump into a cold shower after exercise, 46. (bring) the heart rate down.
However, there is one common thing 47. (encourage) in both the East and the West: One 48.
cool down by drinking a hot drink in summer. As sweating is a good way to cool off in summer, hot drinks make you hotter and you begin to sweat.
Of course, it doesn’t matter if you drink hot 49. cold water. The more comfortable your body feels, the 50. (good) it is.
第三部分 写作 (共两节， 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A blind boy was sitting on a square to a hat by his feet. He held up a sign which was said: “I am blind, please help.” There were only a little coins in the hat.
A man was walking by. Then he took a sign, turned it around, and wrote some words. He put the sign back so that everyone who walked would see the new words.
Surprising, soon a lot more people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon, the man who has changed the sign came to see what things were. The boy recognized his footstep and asked: “Are you the one who changed my sign this morning? What did you write?”
The man said: “Today is a beautiful day and I cannot see it.”
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
校园生活中，班干部担负着协助老师管理班级的责任，为创建和谐文明的校园环境起到了积极作用，但是在实际生活中，班干部和同学之间也可能会发生各种摩擦和矛盾。请你给学校英文报写一篇短文，就如何处理好班干部和同学之间的关系阐述你的意见并提出合理建议。词数不少于120。
【参考答案】
Answer :
1-4 DABD 5-8 BDBC 9-12 ACAD 13-15 CDA 16-20 BFCEA
21-25 ABDCB 26-30 ADCBB 31-35 DCDCA 36-40 BADBD
41. if/when 42. drinking 43. especially 44. that 45. it
46. to bring 47. encouraged 48. can 49. or 50. better
短文改错：
1. to→with 2. said前面的was去掉 3. little→few 4. a→the 5 . walked后面加by
6. Surprising→Surprisingly 7. has→had 8. what→how 9. footstep→footsteps 10. and→but
书面表达参考范文：
Student managers have an important relationship with their classmates, but it is not always easy to make sure that this relationship stays strong.
Becoming a student manager means that you put yourself above other students as a leader, which can lead to others becoming jealous of your important position. They might also feel unhappy about the fact that you are just a student like them, yet you are telling them what to do. If your friendships and work as a student manager are not properly separated, it can lead to complicated situations in which both fall apart.
The role of the student manager should be thought of as a very positive one, however. It gives you important experience of being in a position of power, which will come in useful later in life. If your friends are sure that you haven’t changed as a person because of your new role, and you keep your role separate from your social life, it can be a wonderful experience that will benefit you greatly.
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