英语六级长篇阅读真题解析

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英语六级长篇阅读真题解析

　　无论是在学校还是在社会中，许多人都需要跟试题打交道，借助试题可以检验考试者是否已经具备获得某种资格的基本能力。大家知道什么样的试题才是好试题吗？以下是小编整理的英语六级长篇阅读真题解析，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

英语六级长篇阅读真题解析

　　英语六级长篇阅读真题解析篇1

　　lessons from a feminist paradise

　　[a]on the surface, sweden appears to be a feminist paradise. look at any global survey of gender equality and sweden will be near the top. family-friendly policies are its norm-with 16 months of paid parental leave, special protections for part-time workers, and state-subsidized preschools where, according to a government website, "gender-awareness education is increasingly common." due to an unofficial quota system, women hold 45 percent of positions in the swedish parliament. they have enjoyed the protection of government agencies with titles like the ministry of integration and gender equality and the secretariat of gender research. so why are american women so far ahead of their swedish counterparts in breaking through the glass ceiling?

　　[b]in a 2012 report, the world economic forum found that when it comes to closing the gender gap in "economic participation and opportunity," the united states is ahead of not only sweden but also finland, denmark, the netherlands, iceland, germany, and the united kingdom. sweden's rank in the report can largely be explained by its political quota system. though the united states has fewer women in the workforce (68 percent compared to sweden's 77 percent). american women who choose to be employed are far more likely to work full-time and to hold high-level jobs as managers or professionals. they also own more businesses, launch more start-ups and more often work in traditionally male fields. as for breaking through the glass ceiling in business, american women are well in the lead.

　　[c]what explains the american advantage? how can it be that societies like sweden, where gender equality is vigorously pursued and enforced, have fewer female managers, executives, professionals, and business owners than eh laissez-faire united states? a new study by clrnell economists francine blau and lawrence kahn gives an explanation.

　　[d]generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options have unintended consequences: instead of strengthening women's attachment to the workplace, they appear to weaken it. in addition to a 16-month leave, a swedish parent has the right to work six hours a day (for a reduced salary)until his or her child is eight years old. mothers are far more likely than fathers to take advantage of this law, but extended leaves and part-time employment are known to be harmful to careers—for both genders. and with women a second factor comes into play: most seem to enjoy the flexible-time arrangement(once known as the “mommy track”)and never find their way back to full-time or high-level employment. in sum: generous family-friendly policies do keep more women in the labor market, but they also tend to diminish their careers.

　　[e] according to blau and kahn, swedish-style paternal leave policies and flexible time arrangements pose a second threat to woman's progress: they make employers cautious about hiring woman for full-time positions at all. offering a job to a man is the safer bet. he is far less likely to take a year of parental leave and then return on a reduced work schedule for the next eight years.

　　[f]i became aware of the trial of career-focused european woman a few years ago when i met a post-doctoral student from germany who was then a visiting fellow at johns hopkins. she was astonished by the professional possibilities afforded to young american woman. her best hope in germany was a government job—prospects for woman in the private sector were dim.” in germany “ she told me,” we have all the benefits, “but employers don't' wan to hire us.”

　　[g] swedish economists magnus henrekson and mikael stenkula addressed the following question in their 2009 study: why are there so few female top executives in the european egalitarian welfare states? their answer: “broad-based welfare-state policies hinder women's representation in elite competitive positions.”

　　[h] it is tempting to declare the swedish policies regressive and hail the american system as superior. but that would be shortsighted. the swedes can certainly take a lesson from the united states and look for ways to clear a path for their ambitious female careerists. but most woman are not committed careerists. when the pew research center recently asked american parents to identify their “ideal” life arrangement, 47 percent of mothers said they would prefer to work park-time and 20percent said they would prefer not to work at all. fathers answered differently: 75 percent preferred full-time work. some version of the swedish system might work well for a majority of american parents, but the united states is unlikely to fully embrace the swedish model. still, we can learn from their experience.

　　[i] despite its failure to shatter the glass ceiling, sweden has one of the most powerful and innovative economies in the world. in its 2011-2012survey,the world economic forum ranked sweden as the “rockstar of the recovery” in the washington post, also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness. it is a society well worth studying, and its efforts to conquer the gender gap impart a vital lesson—though not the lesson the swedes had in mind.

　　[j] sweden has gone farther than any other nation on earth to integrate the sexes and to offer women the same opportunities and freedoms as men. for decades, these descendants of the vikings have been trying to show the world that the right mix of enlightened policy. consciousness raising, and non-sexist child rearing would close the gender divide once and for all. yet the divide persists.

　　[k] a 2012 press release from statistics sweden bears the title “gender equality in sweden treading(踩)water” and notes:

　　1、the total income from employment for all ages is lower for women than for men.

　　2、one in three employed women and one in ten employed men work part-time.

　　3、women's working time is influenced by the number and age of their children, but men′s working time is not affected by these factors.

　　4、of all employees，only 13 percent of the women and 12 percent of the men have occupations with an even distribution of the sexes.

　　[l] confronted with such facts, some swedish activists and legislators are demanding more extreme and far-reaching measures, such as replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative and monitoring children more closely to correct them when they gravitated toward gendered play. when it came to light last year that mothers, far more than fathers, chose to stay home from work to care for their sick kids. ulf kristersson minister of social security, quickly commissioned a study to determine the causes of and possible cures for this disturbing stale of affairs.

　　[m]swedish family policies, by accommodating women's preferences effectively, are reducing the number of women in elite competitive positions. the swedes will find this paradoxical and try to find solutions. let us hope these do not include banning gender pronouns, policing children′s play, implementing more gender quotas, or treating women′s special attachment to home and family as a social injustice. most mothers do not aspire to elite, competitive full-time positions: the swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer. americans should look past the gender rhetoric and consider what these scandina-vians have achieved. on their way to creating a feminist paradise, the swedes have unintentionally created a haven for normal mortals.

　　46.Sweden has done more than other nations to close the gender gap, but it continues to exist.

　　47.Sweden is one of the most competitive economics life satisfaction.

　　48. More american women hold elite job positions in business than swedish women.

　　49. Swedish family-friendly policies tend to exert a negative influence on women′s careers.

　　50.The quota system in sweden ensures women′s better representation in government.

　　51.Though the swedish model appears workable for most american parents, it may not be accepted by them in its entirety.

　　52.Swedish women are allowed the freedom and opportunity to choose their own way of life.

　　53.Swedish employers are hesitant about hiring women for full-time positions because of the family-friendly policies.

　　54.Gender-awareness education is becoming more and more popular in state-subsidized preschools in sweden.

　　55.Some lawmakers in sweden propose that genderless pronouns be used in the swedish language.

　　46.answer 答案 j

　　“has done more than other nations”对应第一句“has gone farther than any other nation”,“close the gender gap”对应倒数第二句“close the gender divide”，“it continues to exist”对应最后一句“the divide persists”。

　　47.answer 答案 i

　　“one of the most competitive economies in the world”对应第二句“the world's third most competitive economy”，“…enjoy the greatest life satisfaction”对应第三句“… also leads the world in life satisfaction and happiness”。

　　48.answer 答案 m

　　“elite job positions” 对应第一句“elite competitive positions”， “more american…than swedish women”对应第一句瑞士的政策正在“reducing the number of women in elite positions”，结合后文提到美国的情况，得出更多美国女性拥有高级职位。

　　49.answer 答案 d

　　“swedish family-friendly policies”对应第一句“generous parental leave policies and readily available part-time options”，“a negative influence”指的就是第二句提到的“they appear to weaken it”，这里的it指的是前文提到的“women's attachment to the workplace”。

　　50.answer 答案 a

　　“the quota system in sweden”对应第四句“an unofficial quota system”，“representation in government”对应后来提到的“45 percent of positions in the swedish parliament”。

　　51.answer 答案 h

　　“the swedish model appears workable for most american parents”对应倒数第二句“swedish system might work well for a majority of american parents”，“may not be accepted by them in its entirely”对应最后一句“unlikely to fully embrace the swedish model”。

　　52.answer 答案 m

　　瑞典的女性有更多自由和机会来选择想要的生活。该句直接对应m段倒数第3句话：“the swedish policies have given them the freedom and opportunity to live the lives they prefer.”

　　53.answer 答案 e

　　因为家庭友好型政策，瑞典的雇主们在雇佣全职女性时会有顾虑。对应e段第一句话，“they make employers wary of hiring women for full-time positions at all.”句中they指的就是family-friendly policies，而be hesitant about是对be wary of的改写。

　　54.answer 答案 a

　　根据 “gender-awareness education”对应到a段第3句话：“state-subsidized preschools where, gender-awareness education is increasingly common.”而“more and more popular”就是对“increasingly common”的改写。

　　55.answer 答案 l

　　根据“lawmakers”对应到l段第一句“legislators”，“the genderless pronouns”对应“replacing male and female pronouns with a neutral alternative”。

　　英语六级长篇阅读真题解析篇2

　　In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor.

　　Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it.

　　Another very important consideration is how each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the worker contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.

　　To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.

　　1. Which of the following is the best way to make workers work harder according to the author?

　　A. Increasing their pay.

　　B. Giving them more spare time.

　　C. Making the work itself meaningful.

　　D. Replacing large production lines with small ones.

　　2. The reason why a worker cannot have freedom in doing the job in his own way is that _______.

　　A. the machinery is so complex that it should be fixed

　　B. the production lines are too large in modern factories

　　C. the bosses can create very little freedom of choices for workers

　　D. the machines must be operated strictly according to instructions and rules

　　3. For a worker on an assembly line in a car factory, the job is not enjoyable because _______.

　　A. he can only make a part of a car

　　B. he does not know what he is doing

　　C. his life in spare time is more interesting

　　D. the importance of his job is not clear to him

　　4. In the article, the word “productivity” means _______.

　　A. the activity of producing something

　　B. the production volume in a time unit

　　C. the plan and the method of production

　　D. both the quantity and quality of a product

　　5. The best title for this passage may be _______.

　　A. Problems of Modern Workers

　　B. Making Jobs More Interesting

　　C. Pushing Workers to Produce More

　　D. How to Improve Labor Conditions

　　【答案与解析】本文分析的`是专家们就如何提高工人劳动生产率的问题所提出的不同观点。

　　1. C。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them 可推断如果工作本身有意义，更多的钱和更短的工作时间对工人们来说就不那么重要了。因此可推出答案为C。

　　2. D。推理判断题。根据第2段The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way 中 must be used in a fixed way（必须按固定的方式），可推知答案为D。

　　3. D。推理判断题。根据第3段 In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product…工人看到的只是产品的一部分，而没有意识到做出的贡献，即不清楚工作的重要性，因此认为工作不令人愉快。由此可推出答案为D。

　　4. B。推理判断题。推断词义。文章中多次出现这个词。根据第1段第一句how to make their workers more productive（多产的），怎样使工人的在一定时间内生产出更多产品。But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity？和 To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity?由此可猜测该词指产品数量，故答案为B。

　　5.C。主旨大意题。根据第1段第1句the problem of how to make their workers more productive(如何使工人的工作更有效)，即如何提高劳动生产率。故答案为C。

　　英语六级长篇阅读真题解析篇3

　　Macao, also called Macau, is on the western side of the Pearl River entrance, at the head of which is the Chinese port of Guangdong and it stands opposite Hong Kong which is on the eastern side of the entrance. It is made of a small narrow peninsula sticking out from Guangdong province. The total area of Macao is about 21.45 square kilometers, and it is made up of three parts: Macao Peninsula, Dingbat Isle and Lehman Isle.

　　Between Macao Peninsula and Dingbat Isle there are two bridges which join the two parts together, and there is also a highway between the Dingbat and Lehman Isles. Therefore, two bridges and one highway make the three parts of Macao into an integrated region.

　　Macao faces to the vast sea and its back is the Pearl River Delta. The two big cities, Hong Kong and Guangzhou, and the two special economic zones Hula and Shenzhen are its neighbors. All of this offers much advantage for its economic development.

　　Macao has a population of about 450, 000. This is very large against the size of the area. The average population density reaches 20, 000 per square kilometer. It is one of the densest population regions in the world. The majority of its people are Chinese, who make up 96% of the whole population.

　　1. Which is the advantage for Macao’s economic development?

　　A. Macao is on the coast line.

　　B. Macao is near some big cities or special economic zones.

　　C. Macao’s back is a rich delta.

　　D. All of the above.

　　2. In Macao there are only about _______ people who are not Chinese.

　　A. 18，000 B. 20，000

　　C. 21，450 D. 428，000

　　【答案与解析】文章主要介绍澳门(Macao)的人口、地理位置和经济优势。

　　1. D。事实细节题。从倒数第2段可知A、B、C三项都正确，即答案选D。

　　2. A。推理判断题。从文章的最后一段可知在Macao有96%是中国人，有4%不是，从Macao has a population of about 450, 000可知450000×4%=18000，故答案选A。

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