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英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题

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2016年英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题

  下面是小编整理的四级阅读理解仔细阅读模拟试题,提供给大家参考。

2016年英语四级仔细阅读模拟试题

  2016年英语四级阅读理解仔细阅读模拟试题(一)

  Section C

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ),B., C.and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

  People's tastes in recreation differ widely. At a recent festival of pop-music in the Isle of Wight, crowds of teenagers flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together like sardines for four days. There were innumerable thieves, a gang of roughs tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left,and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would consider these conditions a nightmare of discomfort; the fans appeared to enjoy it all enormously.

  Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact with nature. In the national parks especially, modern development of housing and industry is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the maritime counties, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel. Another path,lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance waller and the nature-lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling disturbed by large numbers of their fellows.

  Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyone's benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-by ( 英国的路旁停车带 ). A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and amongst the country sights and sounds without having to wall a yard. They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic.

  56. In Britain it is very risky to __________.

  A.go with a single railway ticket

  B.listen to pop-music at the festival

  C. sleep in the open

  D.pack together in crowds

  57. At the end of the festival, many young fans__________.

  A.were arrested by the police

  B.had spent most of their money

  C.were sleeping out

  D.became quite penniless

  58. Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large__________.

  A.tracks through the open country

  B.areas of country without soil

  C.areas of countryside not developed

  D.expanses of land where nobody works

  59. Public pathways are created for people to__________.

  A.commute to work

  B.enjoy long-distance walking

  C. wall to maritime counties

  D.visit the historic or scenic sites

  60. Family groups nowadays like to__________.

  A.have meals out of doors by the road-side

  B.go for a walk away from home

  C.drive out past the beautiful places

  D.hear and smell the animals

  Passage Two

  Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

  Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.

  For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have eactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else--he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so with skill and polish. "I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned. " Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: "This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on. "

  Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way.

  Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only"having a look around". She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the look-out for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps,before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. So most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.

  61. When a man is buying clothes, __________.

  A.he chooses things that others recormnend

  B.he buys cheap things, regardless of quality

  C.he buys good things, so long as they are not too expensive

  D. he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things

  62. In commerce a good salesman is one who__________.

  A.sells something a customer does not particularly want

  B.always has in stock the thing the customer wants

  C.can find out quickly the goods required

  D.does not waste his time on difficult customers

  63. What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what he wants?

  A.He buys something that is similar enough to the ideal one.

  B.He usually does not buy anything.

  C.At least two of his reqnirements must be met before he buys.

  D.So long as the style is right, he buys the thing.

  64. According to this passage, when shopping for clothes, women__________.

  A.often buy things without thinking

  B.seldom buy cheap clothes

  C.welcome suggestions from anyone

  D.never take any advice

  65. What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers'?

  A.The fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop.

  B.Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.

  C.Women stand up while shopping, but men sit down.

  D. The time they take over buying clothes.

  Passage One

  【参考译文】

  人们对于休闲娱乐的品位大相径庭。在英国怀特岛最近举办的一次流行音乐节上,青少年们成群结队地去听他们最喜爱的歌手和音乐家演唱。[56]他们只买得起去音乐节的单程火车票,甚至不惜露宿街头,在英国那种气候条件下,即便是在八月份,他们的这种行为也是非常危险的。他们像沙丁鱼一样在音乐节上挤了四天。音乐节现场有数不清的盗贼,一伙暴徒几次三番试图捣乱,而且到处都是警察。[57]音乐节结束后,许多年轻歌迷发现自己身无分文,想要回家都很困难。大多数人都会认为这种情形简直像噩梦一样叫人不爽,但是歌迷们似乎仍乐在其中。

  [58]即便是在英国这样拥挤的国家,也有一大片一大片未遭破坏的乡村地区,在那里,有着更多传统品位的人们可以寻求安静以及他们在同大自然接触过程中产生的自由感。特别是在国家级公园所在的地区,房产和工业的现代发展受到严格限制。游客可以步行几英里,游览极度迷人而又十分原始的风景,以及大量历史和科学景点。[59]一些海滨县城修建了公路;这些公路沿着悬崖峭壁一直延伸,而这些峭壁则紧挨着大西洋或英吉利海峡。在内陆还有另一条公路,沿国北部的山脉修成,被称作奔宁公路。在这里,远途旅行者和热爱大自然的人能够收获不少乐趣一而不会有被大批其他游人打搅的感觉。

  国家级公园是为造福公众而修建的,然而,很少有人能够充分利用这一资源。[60]现下最为常见的事情就是,全家人一起开车去一个美丽的景点,将车停在路边的停车带。他们全生野餐篮、折叠式桌椅、一把水壶和一台便携式火炉,然后在自己车的附近安顿下来,开始一顿野餐。显然,他们对娱乐的观点是呼吸新鲜空气,身处乡间,不用行走一步就能欣赏美景,听闻乡村之声。他们似乎很喜欢用耳朵和鼻子去感受乡问的车马交通。

  56.C

  定位:根据题干信息词risky可将答案定位到第一段第三句。

  解析:该句提到:“他们(青少年们)只买得起去音乐节的单程火车票,甚至不惜露宿街头,在英国那种气候条件下,即便是在八月份,他们的这种行为也是非常危险的。”故选C。

  57.D

  定位:根据题干信息atthe end ofthefestival可将答案定位到第一段倒数第二句。

  解析:该句提到:“音乐节结束后,许多年轻歌迷发现自己身无分文,想要回家都很困难。”故选D。became quite penniless即意为“身无分文”,是对broke和with no money left的同义转述。

  58.C

  定位:根据题干信息even in the overcrowded United Kingdom可将答案定位到第二段第一句。

  解析:原文提到:“Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open Hrl—spoilt country…(即便是在英国这样拥挤的国家,也有一大片一大片未遭破坏的乡村地区……)”选项C中的not developed是原文中tin.spoilt的同义转述,故为正确答案。

  59.B

  定位:根据题干信息public pathways可将答案定位到第二段第四句。

  解析:原文提到,一些海滨县城修建了公路,在内陆,沿英国北部的山脉也有一条公路。远途旅行者和热爱大自然的人能够收获不少乐趣,而且不会有被大批其他游人打搅的感觉。可见,开辟公路就是为了让人们能够享受远足,享受自然,故选B。

  60.A

  定位:根据题干信息family groups nowadays可将答案定位到第三段第二句。

  解析:原文提到,现下最为常见的事情就是,全家人一起开车去一个美丽的景点,将车停在路边的停车带。然后他们就拿出准备好的各种工具和食物在自己的汽车旁野餐,故选A。

  Passage Two

  【参考译文】

  买衣服对男人和女人来说是不同的经历。[61]男人去购物是因为他需要某些东西。他的目的是既定的,而且提前就做好了决定。他知道自己需要什么,而他的目的就是找到那个东西并买下来,价格倒在其次。[65]男人都是直接走进商店,询问店员自己想要买的东西。如果店里有货,销售员能及时找到,而且马上就能试穿或试用,这一切顺利的话,整个交易一般在五分钟之内就可以完成。虽然几乎没什么言语交谈,但是买卖双方各自都满意。

  [62]对于男人来说,如果商店没有他想买的东西或者羞不完全符合他心里的条件,可能会引发一些小问题。在那种情况下,导购就要像自己的职业名称(导“购”)所暗示的那样,尝试卖给顾客别的东西:他把跟顾客要求最接近的东西推荐给他。优秀的导购都不会贸然向顾客推荐替代品,他会花一番心思和技巧。比如,他会说:“先生,我知道这件上衣不是您想要的样式,但您能否试一下,看看大小合不合适。它的颜色刚好符合您的要求。”[63]对于这种情况,男人很少会买账,他们一般都会说:“也许衣服的颜色和大小都合适,但要是让我试穿的话:既浪费了你的时间,也浪费了我的。”

  现在来看一下女人买衣服的过程是怎样的呢?每个环节差不多都和男人相反。女人购物通常都不是因为有什么需求。她从来都没完全决定自己想要买什么,只是“四处看看”。[64]女人总是肯听他人的劝说,她重视女店员的话,甚至是同伴的话。她会什么都试窒一下。在她内心深处,她要找的衣服,是所查人都认为适合她的。与很多笑话里讲的不同,很多女人在买衣服的时候还是精打细算的。她们总是在寻找意外的超值商品。[65]面对一屋子衣服,她们也许很容易就花上一个小时,一排排浏览,来来回回乐此不疲;她们会不时地折返脚步,直到发现自己想试穿的衣服。这是个累人的过程,但是很显然,她们很享受这个过程。因此大部分服装店都为那些等待的丈夫提供座椅。

  【答案解析】

  61.D

  定位:根据题干信息when a man is buying clothes可将答案定位到文章前两段。

  解析:第一段中提到:“男人去购物是因为他需要某些东西。他的目的是既定的,而且提前就做好了决定。他知道自己需要什么,而他的目的就是找到那个东西并买下来,价格倒在其次。”可见,男士不怎么会考虑价格,故选D。

  62.A

  定位:根据题干信息agood salesman可将答案定位到第二段第二句。

  解析:第二段开头提到:“对于男人来说,如果商店没有他想买的东西或者并不完全符合他心里的条件,可能会引发一些小问题。在那种情况下,导购就要像自己的职业名称(导‘购’)所暗示的那样,尝试卖给顾客别的东西:他把跟顾客要求最接近的东西推荐给他。”可见,一名优秀的导购是能成功将其他东西推销给顾客的,故选A。

  63.B

  定位:根据题干信息cannot get exactly what he wants可将答案定位到第二段第一句。

  解析:第二段描述的是如果商店没有与男人想象的完全一样的商品时,会出现什么情况。题干的重点在于男人的反应,因此寻读到第二段结尾处,此处作者提到:“对于这种情况,男人很少会买账,他们一般都会说:‘也许衣服的颜色和大小都合适,但要是让我试穿的话,既浪费了你的时间,也浪费了我的。”’可见,在这种情况下,男人一般是什么都不会买的,故选B。

  64.C

  定位:根据题干信息when shopping for clothes,women可将答案定位到第三段。

  解析:第三段中提到:“女人总是肯听他人的劝说,她重视女店员的话,甚至是同伴的话。她会什么都试穿一下。在她内心深处,她要找的衣服,是所有人都认为适合她的。”可见,女士很容易听取他人的建议.故C项为正确答案,

  65.D

  定位:根据题干信息the most obvious difference between men and women可知解答本题需通观全文,但由于涉及女性的购物特点,因此可到第三段寻找线索。

  解析:在讲男人买衣服的情况时,作者提到:“如果店里有货,销售员能及时找到,而且马上就能试穿或试用.这一切顺利的话,整个交易一般在五分钟之内就可以完成。”在讲女人买衣服的情况时,作者提到:“面对一屋子衣服,她们也许很容易就花上一个小时,一排排浏览,来来回回乐此不疲;她们会不时地折返脚步,直到发现自己想试穿的衣服。”因此,男人与女人在买衣服问题上最主要的区别就很明显了,故本题应选D。

  2016年英语四级阅读理解仔细阅读模拟试题(二)

  Section C

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A.,B., C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

  Fried foods have long been frowned upon. Nevertheless, the skillet (长柄平底煎锅) is about our handiest and most useful piece of kitchen equipment. Strong woodcutters and others engaged in active labor requiring 4,000calories per day or more will take approximately one-third of their rations prepared in this fashion. Meat, eggs, and French toast cooked in this way are served in millions of homes daily. Apparently the consumers are not beset with more signs of indigestion than afflicted by those who insist upon broiling, roasting, or boiling. Some years ago one of our most eminent physiologists investigated the digestibility of fried potatoes. He found that the pan variety was more easily broken down for assimilation than when deep fat was employed. The latter, however, dissolved within the alimentary tract ( 消化道 ) more readily than the boiled type. Furthermore, he learned, by watching the progress of the contents of the stomach by means of the fluoroscope (荧光检查仪), that fat actually accelerated the rate of digestion. Now all this is quite in contrast with "authority". Volumes have been written on nutrition, and everywhere the dictum ( 权威意见) has been accepted--no fried edibles of any sort for children. A few will go so tar as to forbid this style of cooking wholly. Now and then an expert will be bold enough to admit that he uses them himself, the absence of discomfort being explained on the ground that he possesses a powerful gastric ( 胃的 )apparatus. We can of course sizzle perfectly good articles to death so that they will be leathery and tough. But thorough heating, in the presence of shortening, is not the awful crime that it has been labeled. Such dishes stimulate rather than retard contractions of the gall bladder. Thus it is that bile ( 胆汁 ) mixes with the nutriment shortly after it leaves the stomach.

  We don't need to allow our foodstuffs to become oil soaked, but other than that, there seems to be no basis for the widely heralded prohibition against this method. But notions become fixed. The first condemnation probably rose because an "oracle" ( 圣贤) suffered from dyspepsia (消化不良) which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu. The theory spread. Others agreed with him, and after a time the doctrine became incorporated in our textbooks. The belief is now tradition rather than proved fact. It should have been refuted long since, as experience has demonstrated its falsity.

  56. This passage focuses on__________.

  A. why the skillet is a handy piece of kitchen equipment

  B. the digestibility of fried foods

  C. how the experts can mislead the public in the area of food preparation

  D. why fried foods have long been frowned upon

  57. People engaged in active labor eat fried foods because __________.

  A. they are healthful

  B. they are much cheaper

  C. they can be easily digested

  D. they can provide the calories the workers need

  58. The author implies that the public should__________.

  A. prepare some foods by frying

  B. avoid fried foods if possible

  C. fry foods for adults but not for children

  D. prepare all foods by frying

  59. When the author says that "an 'oracle' suffered from dyspepsia which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu" he is being__________.

  A. grateful

  B. factual

  C. sarcastic

  D. humorous

  60. The passage was probably taken from__________.

  A. a medical journal

  B. a publication addressed to the general public

  C. a speech at a medical convention

  D. an advertisement for cooking oil

  Passage Two

  Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

  In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South ( 发展中国家) began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization.

  But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied.

  In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientistsand technicians to return to Latin America.

  In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate ( 移居国外的 ) Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain (人才流失) fromthese countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.

  Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.

  61. Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?

  A. The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.

  B. The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.

  C. Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.

  D. The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.

  62. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the developing countries are losing their brain power?

  A. Many professionals did not feel comfortable in their home countries after they returned home.

  B. "Temporary return" programs encouraged professionals to work in their home countries for short periods.

  C. The new laws of the international market encourage knowledge transfer.

  D. The professionals from the developing countries have been trained in fields where they could not apply their knowledge to the best advantage in their home countries.

  63. In the author's opinion, the developing countries should __________.

  A. keep their present administrative procedures so as to ensure that their students return after graduation

  B. cooperate more effectively with international organizations

  C. set up more return programs under the guidance of the UN

  D. send students abroad in the fields where their knowledge is more likely to be made full use of in their own countries

  64. According to the passage, the problem of the developing countries will continue__________.

  A. as long as the developed countries need more qualified professionals than they can educate domestically

  B. as long as the developing countries are content with their present institutional structures

  C. unless those countries stop sending large number of students to be trained abroad

  D. if theh governments fail to make administrative adjustments concerning the return procedures of their professionals

  65. The best title for the passage is__________.

  A. The Brain Drain of the Developing Countries

  B. Knowledge Transfer

  C. The Talents from the Developing Countries

  D. The Failure of Development Programs

  【参考译文】

  很长时间以来,人们都不喜欢油炸食品。然而,长柄平底煎锅基本上是我们厨房里最方便、最有用的厨具。

  [57]健壮的伐木工人以及其他从事体力劳动的人员,每天需要4000卡路里或者更多的热量,他们吃的食物中的有三分之一是用这种煎锅来烹饪的。用煎锅烹制的肉、蛋和法式土司每天都会出现在千百万人家的餐桌上。很明显,困扰这些食用者的不是消化不良的迹象越来越多,而是那些坚持只用烘、烤、煮的方法烹饪的人对他们的折磨。数年前,一位非常著名的生理学家研究了油炸薯条的可消化性。他发现,用平底锅烹制食物时,不用油炸要比油炸的更容易被吸收。汪是,比起蒸煮过的食物,经过油炸的食物更容易在消化道里分解。并且,当通过荧光检查仪观察胃里食物的消化过程时他还发现,实际上脂肪可加快消化的速度。而现在这些发现都与“权威”说法相悖、营养方面的书籍汗牛充栋,其中油炸食品有害的权威说法随处可见——孩子绝对不能吃任何油炸食物。一些书籍甚至完全禁止使用煎炸这种烹饪方式。时不时还会有某位专家大胆地指出自己进行了亲身试验,但他吃了油炸食物身体却安然无恙的原因在于自己的胃功能强大。当然,我们可以重复阅读这些好文章.直到感觉味同嚼蜡、无聊透顶。但是(油炸)这种含有起酥油的彻底加热的方式,并不像之前人们所定义的那样糟糕。这样的食物不仅不会阻碍胆囊收缩,反而会刺激其收缩。这样,这些胆汁就能在营养物从胃里流出之后迅速与其混合。

  [58]我们没有必要让我们的食品浸在油里,但与此相反:油炸食品这个方法被广泛禁止好像也没有什么依据。但是这一观念却根深蒂固。

  [59]人们最初对油炸食品的非难,可能源自某位“圣贤”,这位前辈偶尔消化不良就认定是吃了菜单上某些油炸食品的结果。于是他的这种论调传播开来。不少人赞同他的观点,后来人们就把这种信条写入教科书了。现在,这种信条是一种传统的定义,而不是经过验证的事实,这种信条早就该被推翻了,因为实践已经证明了它的荒谬。

  【答案解析】

  56.B定位:根据题干信息this passage focuses on可知解答本题需通观全文。解析:整篇文章谈论的主题是油炸食品是否易于消化。第一段提到:人们一直不喜欢油炸食品,因为据说这种食品不好消化,但科学家却发现,经过油炸的食物更容易在消化道里分解。第二段提到:人们反对油炸食品,说其会引起消化不良,是因为这种说法已经成为传统,但它却并非被证明了的事实,而实践已经证明了它的荒谬。综上所述,这篇文章的主题就是me digestibility of tried foods。故选B。

  57.D定位:根据题干信息people engaged in active labor可将答案定位到第一段第三句。解析:该句提到:“健壮的伐木工人以及其他从事体力劳动的人员,每天需要4000卡路里或者更多的热量,他们吃的食物中约有三分之一是用这种煎锅来烹饪的。”由此可知,从事体力劳动的人员需要吃油炸食物是因为这类食物能提供足够的热量。故选D。

  58.A定位:根据题干信息implies that the public should可将答案定位到第二段第一句。解析:题干问作者对公众烹饪食品有何建议,作者在第一段提到,据实验证明,油炸食品非但不会导致消化不良,而且还比较容易消化。第二段开头处又提到:“我们没有必要让我们的食品浸在油里,但与此相反,油炸食品这个方法被广泛禁止好像也没有什么依据。”可见,作者的观点是人们是可以食用一些油炸食品的。故选A。

  59.C定位:根据题干信息an“oracle”suffered from dyspepsia which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu可将答案定位到第二段第二句。解析:题干中的引文选自第二段中间处,作者提到:“人们最初对油炸食品的非难,可能源自某位。圣贤’,这位前辈偶尔消化不良就认定是吃了菜单上某些油炸食品的结果。于是他的这种论调传播开来”作者的讽刺语气跃然纸上。加之oracle本身就在引号里,更足以证明其讽刺性。故选C。

  60.B定位:根据题于信息taken from可知解答本题需通观全文。解析:题干问这篇文章的出处。从文章内容和风格来看,应该是节选自一本大众科普读物,它既不像医学杂志、会议发言文章那样严谨,也不像广告那样以产品为核心。因此正确答案为B项。

  2016年英语四级阅读理解仔细阅读模拟试题(三)

  Section C

  Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ),B., C. andD. . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

  Passage One

  Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

  Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanent access to his or hcr own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?

  Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer: to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor.

  Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basic skills. Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their proficiency in a language while proceeding at their own pace.

  Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations far

  more quickly than they could without the use of computer.

  Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts. marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, while social science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.

  It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A versatile tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.

  56. The word "literacy" (Line 1, Paragraph 1) means__________.

  A. the ability to read and write

  B. the ability to use

  C. literature

  D. the knowledge of language

  57. The main purpose of this passage is to __________.

  A. persuade the educators to increase computer use in their own classroom

  B. analyze advantages and disadvantages of computer use among college students

  C. identify some of the ways that computers benefit college students

  D. describe how computers can be used to teach foreign languages

  58. According to the author, a word processor can be used to __________.

  A. revise papers

  B. retype papers

  C. reduce the psychological burden of writing papers

  D. improve the writing skills of a student

  59. In this passage, the writer's argument is developed primarily through the use of __________.

  A. cause-effect analysis

  B. comparison and contrast

  C. induction

  D. examples

  60. According to the author, the reason for students to go to college is__________.

  A. to learn something

  B. to perfect themselves

  C. to improve computer skills

  D. to make the best use of computers

  Passage Two

  Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

  Language is, and should be, a living thing, constantly enriched with new words and forms of expression. But there is a vital distinction between good developments, which add to the language, enabling us to say things we could not say before, and bad developments, which subtract from the language by rendering it less precise. A vivacious, colorful use of words is not to be confused with mere slovenliness. The kind of slovenliness in which some professionals deliberately indulge is perhaps akin to the cult (迷信) of the unfinished work, which has eroded most of the arts in our time. And the true answer to it is the same that art is enhanced, not hindered, by discipline. You cannot carve satisfactorily in butter.

  The corruption of written English has been accompanied by an even sharper decline in the standard of spoken English. We speak very much less well than was common among educated Englishmen a generation or two ago.

  The modem theatre has played a baneful (有害的) part in dimming our appreciation of language. Instead of the immensely articulate dialogue of, for example, Shaw (who was also very insistent on good pronunciation),audiences are now subjected to streams of barely literate trivia, often designed, only too well, to exhibit 'lack of communication', and larded (夹杂) with the obscenities (下流的话) and grammatical errors of the intellectually impoverished. Emily Post once advised her readers: "The theatre is the best possible place to hear correctly-enunciated speech. " Alas, no more. One young actress was recently reported to be taking lessons in how to speak badly, so that she should fit in better.

  But the BBC is the worst traitor. After years of very successfully helping to raise the general standard of spoken English, it suddenly went into reverse. As the head of the Pronunciation Unit coyly (含蓄地) put it, "In the 1960s the BBC opened the field to a much wider range of speakers." To hear a BBC disc jockey talking to the latest ape-like pop idol is a truly shocking experience of verbal squalor. And the prospect seems to be of even worse to come. School teachers are actively encouraged to ignore little Johnny's incoherent grammar, atrocious spelling and haphazard punctuation, because worrying about such things might inhibit his creative genius.

  61. The writer relates linguistic slovenliness to tendencies in the arts today in that they both __________.

  A. occasionally aim at a certain fluidity

  B. appear to shun perfection

  C. from time to time show regard for the finishing touch

  D. make use of economical short cuts

  62. "Art is enhanced, not hindered, by discipline" (Lines 6~7, Paragraph 1 ) means __________.

  A. an artist's work will be finer if he observes certain aesthetic standards

  B. an unfinished work is bound to be comparatively inferior

  C. the skill of certain artists conceals their slovenliness

  D. artistic expression is inhibited by too many roles

  63. Many modem plays, the author finds, frequently contain speech which__________.

  A. is incoherent and linguistically objectionable

  B. is far too ungrammatical for most people to follow

  C. unintentionally shocks the audience

  D. tries to hide the author's intellectual inadequacies

  64. The author says that the standard of the spoken English of BBC__________.

  A. is the worst among all broadcasting networks

  B. has raised English-speaking up to a new level

  C. has taken a turn for the worse since the 1960s

  D. is terrible because of a few popular disc jockeys

  65. Teachers are likely to overlook the linguistic lapses in their pupils since__________.

  A. they find that children no longer respond to this kind of discipline nowadays

  B. they fear the children may become less coherent

  C. more importance is now attached to oral expression

  D. the children may be discouraged from expressing their ideas

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