2015年英语四级考试阅读试题精选
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Arctic Ocean ice may hold trillions of small pieces of plastic and other synthetic trash，and they are being released into the world’s oceans as global warming melts the polar cap，researchers say,Though the finding is surprising and worrying，the possible harm to marine life is so far unknown，the authors concluded.called micro plastics，the pollutants come mostly from debris that has broken apart，as well as from cosmetics and fibers released from washing clothes，according to the Study,which was published in the iournA. Earth’s Future and first reported by Science magazine.
At current melting trends.more than l trillion pieces 5 millimeters or smaller could wind up in the oceans during the coming decade.the authors estimate.The concentration of plastic debris is 1，000 times greater than that floating in the so.called Great Pacific Garbage Patch.The researchers based their findings on core samples of ice taken during polar expeditions in 2005 and 2010.
Rayon was the most colninon synthetic material discovered—54%.Though rayon is not a plastic(it’s made from wood),the authors included it“because it is a manmade semi.synthetic that makes up a significant proportion of synthetic microparticles found in the marine environment.”Rayon is used in cigarette filters，clothing and personal hygiene products.Polyester(聚酯)was the next most common pollutant found in the ice(21%)，followed by nylon(16%)，polypropylene(聚丙烯)(3%)and polystyrene，acrylic and polyethylene (2%each).
The authors cA.led the ice trap“a major historic globA. sink of man.made particulates.”and said their findings“go some way to help clarify one of the most puzzling aspects of current understanding on the quantities of plastic debris reported in the oceans.”As Science points out，288 million tons of plastics were produced in 2012.
Micro plastics garbage has aso been found on the shores of southernmost Chile，so the authors said it’s time to investigate the planet’s other polar region.“WHile multiyear sea ice makes up a smaller proportion of aunual sea ice cover in the Southem Ocean.and perenniA. sea ice cover around Antarctica is following different trends,our finding indicate the importance of sampling ice from the Antarctic to see if it too contains micro plastics，”they write.
56.According to the passage，what are mainly called“micro plastics”?根据文章，哪些东西都被称为“微塑料”?
A.The pollutants come mostly from debris.主要是一些碎片污染物。
B.The pollutants come mostly from fibers.主要是一些纤维污染物。
C.The pollutants come mostly from cosmetics.主要是一些化妆品污染物。
D.The pollutants come mostly from daily supplies.主要是一些日常用品污染物。
57.What does the phrase‘'wind up”mean in Para.27第二段中“wind up”是什么意思?
A.putan endto结束
B.screwup拧紧
C.sweep across席卷
D.rollup卷起
58.Why does the author include“rayon”in，though it is not a plastic?为什么研究人员要把“rayon”也算在内，尽管它并不是塑料?
A.Because it is a significant manmade semi-synthetic found in the ocean.因为它是海洋中发现的重要的人造半合成品。
B.Because it is a major manmade synthetic appearing in the marine.因为它是海洋中出现的主要的人造半合成品。
C.Because it is a minor manmade synthetic dug out in the marine.因为它是海洋中挖掘出来的少数的人造半合成品。
D.Because it is a minor manmade semi.synthetic explored in the marine.因为它是海洋中探测出的少数的人造半合成品。
59.What Can we infer from the ice trap“a major historic globA. sink of man.made particulates”?从“此次的冰陷是‘具有重大历史意义的全球性人造微粒造成的`陷阱’”这句话中能推断出什么?
A.The globA. ice trap should be attributed to man.made particulates.此次全球性的冰陷应该归因于人造微粒。
B.People onaworldwide scalehave reapedwhattheyhad sown.全球范围内的人们都已经自食其果。
C.The ice trap is ofmajor historic meaning on the global context.此次冰陷具有重大的历史意义。
D.The major historic global sink is derived from the ice melting.具有重大历史意义的全球性冰陷是海冰消融的结果。
60.What’s the best title of this passage?哪一个是本文的最佳题目?
A1 Rayon the most comn20n semi.synthetic in the ocean.人造纤维是海洋中比例最大的半合成品。
B.It’s time to research the planet’S other polar region.是时候研究地球的其他极地了。
C.Trillions ofplastic pieces found in the Arcticice.北冰洋中发现的数万亿的塑料碎片。
D.Trillions ofplastic pieces winding up in the oceans.即将席卷整个大洋世界的数万亿塑料碎片。
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