定语从句句子

时间:2024-03-04 12:55:08 博耿 句子大全 我要投稿

定语从句句子

  在平时的学习、工作或生活中,大家一定没少看到经典的句子吧,句子是语言运用的基本单位,它由词、词组(短语)构成。你知道什么样的句子才能算得上是好的句子吗?以下是小编帮大家整理的定语从句句子,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。

定语从句句子

  一、定语从句句子

  1.你昨天错过的会议非常重要.

  The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.

  2.正在做演讲的女孩是我们班的班长.

  The girl who is making a speech right now is our monitor.

  3.我昨天打坏的花瓶是很昂贵的.

  The vase that I broke yesterday was very expensive.

  4.昨天帮助了你的男孩是我的邻居.

  The boy who helped you yesterday is my neighbour.

  5.这正是我所感兴趣的话题.

  Thats just the topic that Im very interested in.

  6.这是那个给我提供了宝贵机会的老板.

  He is just the boss who gave me that valueable opportunity.

  7.这个话题是我感到厌倦的.

  This is the topic/theme that Im tired of.

  8.他是那个帮助了我的老师.

  He is the teacher who helped me.

  9.我们很喜欢那个很幽默的演讲者.

  We all like that speaker who is very humourous.

  10.两个女儿都是教师的那个老奶奶是我们的邻居.

  The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour.

  二、定语从句的有关概念

  所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句,首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。

  先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念,它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时,定语从句通常是后置的,所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

  那什么是关系词呢?其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上,英语中的各类从句,不管性质如何,它们都需要有一个词来“引导”,正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样,人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字,叫它关系词,因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,以表明两者之间的修饰关系,同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

  三、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系

  为了更好地理解定语从句,我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前,我们先来看看关系词有哪些。

  根据关系词在定语从句中的作用,我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词,它们在引导定语从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等,英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。

  类似地,关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词,它们在引导定语从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当状语等,英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个,即when, where和why。

  许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊,关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单,简单得可以划一个等号。因为,关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词,它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解,下面我们来看几个例子吧。

  I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。

  这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词,who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句;在定语从句中,who是关系词,它在定语从句中用作主语,从意义上说,它在此所表示的意思与先行词the man等价,换句话说,上面这个句子与下面这个句子等价:I know the man. He lives next door. 我认识这个人,它就住在隔壁。

  She will never forget the day when she got married. 她永远不会忘记她结婚的这一天。

  句中的the day为先行词,when she got married为修饰the day的定语从句;在定语从句中,when是关系词,它在定语从句中用作状语,从意义上说,它在此与“介词+先行词”所表示的意思等价,也就是说上面的句子与下面这个句子等价:She will never forget the day. On that day she got married. 她永远不会忘记这一天,在这一天她结婚了。

  四、吃透句子成分,能找出简单句中的主、宾、表、定语及状语等成分。

  主语:

  主语 (Subject) 是一个句子的主体,一般位于句首。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等均可用作主语。例如:

  I’m fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming. 我喜欢姐姐,但她有个严重的缺点。 (人教①U3)

  My background is traditional Chinese music. 我的背景是中国传统音乐。 (外研⑥M4)

  To find a best friend is difficult. 找到一个好朋友不容易。 (译林⑤U1)

  No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. 谁也说不准,并且预测也是件冒险的事。 (外研④M1)

  What is even more unbelievable is the fact that some murderers are let out of prison after three or four years. 更不可思议的是一些杀人犯三四年后获释出狱。 (北师大⑧U24)

  宾语:

  宾语 (Object) 是动作的承受者,一般位于及物动词之后。名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等均可用作宾语。例如:

  We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. 我们经常一起做作业,乐于彼此帮忙。 (人教①U1)

  He also writes film music. 他也写影视音乐。 (外研②M3)

  I’ve tried and failed to make paper with all these plants. 我尝试了,但是用所有这些植物也没能造成纸。 (译林②U3)

  I hope I can go there to study. 我希望能去那里学习。(北师大⑤U13)

  注:表语、定语及状语等详见《新课标高中英语语法》

  五、如何合并定语从句句子

  将两个句子中相同的名词其中一个去掉,将整句挪到那个完整句子的后面,再在中间添上先行词(关系代词、关系副词)即可

  举例:

  1.The young lady act very well.We talked about her just now.

  2.He laughed at the girl .The girls hair was yellow.

  3.The films was quite moving.We saw it last night.

  合并:

  1.The young lady who we talked about just now acts very well.

  2.He laughed at the girl whose hair was yellow.

  3.The film which(that) we saw last night was quite moving.

  六、定语从句简介:

  定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。

  定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

  定义

  ①关系代词引导的定语从句

  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

  1)who, whom,that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

  Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

  他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

  他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

  2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

  3)which, that

  它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

  A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)

  The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)

  ②关系副词引导的定语从句

  关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

  1)when, where, why

  关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例 如:

  There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

  Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。

  Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

  2)that代替关系副词

  that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:

  His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

  He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。

  ③判断关系代词与关系副词

  方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要 求用关系代词。例如:

  (错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

  (错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

  (对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

  (对) Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

  习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

  方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时,应选择关系代词;先行词在从句中作状语时,应选 择关系副词。

  例如:(对)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?

  (对)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?

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