的复合结构即宾语宾语补足语，已经关了电脑他决定明天处理这些文件，本题考查介词的复合结构介词短语的用法，该题是考查介词短语用作状语用法的，本题也是考查复合结构用法的表示一种伴随情况。
with 的复合结构小结
with的复合结构即with+宾语+宾语补足语
1、 with + n/pron + done( 其中n/pron与done是动宾关系） With everything bought, I went home.
买好东西，我就回家了。
With my homework done, I went out to play basketball. 做好了作业，我出去打篮球了。
2. with + n/pron + doing. (其中n/pron 与 doing是主谓关系）With many people surrounding him, he felt really upset. 这么多人围着他，他真的感觉很紧张。
With all of you helping me, I finished my work in advance. 有你们帮我，我已经提前完成任务了。
3、with + n/pron + to do(其中to do 表将来）
With so much work to do, I have to stay behind after work. 有这么多工作要做，我只好留下来加班。
With lots of problems to solve, I feel restless.
有这么多问题需要解决，我感到坐立不安。
4、with + n/pron + adv.(其中adv.表示其前面n/pron的状态) With all the lights on, he left the room.
房间里的灯都开着他就走了。
With his computer off, he wanted to deal with his papers tomorrow.
已经关了电脑，他决定明天处理这些文件。
5、with + n/pron + prep.phrase(介词短语表状态）With a book in his hand, our teacher came in. 老师手里拿着书走进来。
With his shirt in the basin, he played computer games. 衬衫泡在水盆里，他玩起了电脑。
6. with + n/pron + adj.(形容词表状态)
With my mother angry, we fell silent.
母亲生气了，我们都安静下来。
With our bosatisfied, we felt relieved.
老板很满意，我们都如释重负。
with复合结构小结的练习
英语中 “介词with + 复合宾语” 结构也叫介词with的复合结构, 即 “with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”, 这种结构在中学英语课本中频频出现，用法十分灵活而且复杂。近年来，高考命题者常常通过一定的语境来考查with这一复合结构的用法，下面让我们先看看两道与介词with复合结构相关的高考试题：
1.(NMET.2000) _________ production up by 60 % , the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
[解析] 答案 C。本题考查介词with的复合结构“with + n / pron + prep. phrase(介词短语)”的用法。“as”作为连词，意为“因为、由于”，其后必须跟从句；作为介词，意为“作为”，从语法和句意方面都不能用。而for和through在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在这里应用with，意思是“因为、由于”。 句意是：由于生产（产品）上升了60% ，这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。
2.(Beijing. 2004) ________two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend.
A. BesidesB. With C. As for D. Because of
[解析] 答案 B。这道题也是考查介词with复合结构用法的。从句子的结构看这里必须要填一个介词，而不能填连词，“as for” 意思是“至于、关于”；because of意思是“由于、因为”，其后不能跟复合结构，所以不能选择C和D。在所给的选项中只有with才符合构成“ with + n / pron + to do ”结构。句意是：由于担心这两门考试，本周末我得真的用功了
1>“with + n / pron + v-ing” 这一结构在句子中作伴随状语，说明情况，其中现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作。例如：
① ________our food ________, we had to walk to a village for help.（成都毕业班第一次诊断试题）
A. Since; runs out B. Because; run out
C. With; running out D. For; running out
[解析] 答案 C。“since、because、for”作“由于、因为”讲，是连词，其后只能跟从句，不能跟复合结构，所以不能选A、B、D。由于 run out是不及物动词短语且与our food之间存在主谓关系所以只能用 running out 结构，with在这里表示原因，故答案是C。句意是：在我们的食物快要用完的情况下，我们不得不向附近的村子求援。 ②.When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, ________ his lips moving.
A. asB. with C. for D. through
[解析] 答案 B。 该题是考查介词短语用作状语用法的。“as”作为连词，意为“因为、由于”，其后必须跟从句；作为介词，意为“作为”，从语法和句意方面都不符合；而for和through在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在所给的选项当中，只有with才可以构成这一复合结构，用作表示伴随情况的状语，故选B。句意是：当妈妈走进房子的时候，她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上，嘴唇一直在动。
2>.“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语，其中过去分词表示被动或完成了的动作。例如：
①---You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith .
---Yes, I know .But how could I ______the meeting date fixed so soon .（2005东北三校联考）
A. whileB. as C. after D. with
[解析] 答案：D。在所给的选项当中，只有as与with有“由于、因为” 之意，而as是连词，其后必须跟从句，所以不能用在这里。只有with符合这一用法，构成复合结构，用作表示原因的状语，代词I之后省略了动词prepare。句意是：因为会议日期确定的太快了，我还没有准备好。
②________ more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out .(2005石家庄市高三调研试题）
A. As B. For C. With D. By
[解析] 答案C。此题考查with复合结构“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”的用法，在这里表示原因。as和for常常引导的是一个表示原因的句子，而介词by显然没有这种用法。句意是：由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏，一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。
③Many large cities, such as Liverpool and New York , have had experiments of this kind, ________ old factories turned into successful art centers.（南京市高三模拟试题）
A. for B. withC .as D .like
[解析] 答案B。本题也是考查with复合结构用法的,表示一种伴随情况。介词for与as虽具有“由于、因为” 之意，但其后要跟从句，，like没有“由于、因为” 之意，应该排除
A、C、D，答案是B。句意是：随着旧工厂被成功地改制为艺术中心，许多大城市（如利物浦和纽约）都做着这方面的尝
试。
3>“with + n / pron + to do ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语，其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。 例如：
______so much homework to do , I won't have time to go to see the film tonight.
A. With B. To C. For D. In
[解析] 答案A。这里用介词 with的复合结构作状语表示原因，而to、for、in则没有这种复合结构用法，故排除B、C、D，答案是B。句意是：由于有许多家庭作业要去做，今晚我没有时间去看电影了。再如：
With nothing to do , I sat down watching TV.
4>“with + n / pron + prep. phrase .”这一结构在句子中作伴随状语，表示状态或说明情况或作定语。例如：
①_________and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible
disease, the patient sought her doctor 's help to end her life .(2005年江苏省高考试题)
A .Having given up hope of cureB. With no hope for cure
C . There being hope for cureD. In the hope of cure
[解析] 答案 B。此题考查with的复合结构作状语的用法。逗号前的内容作状语，该部分是由介词with构成的短语及现在分词短语suffering from the terrible disease构成的，介词with有两个宾语，分别是 no hope for cure和 no way to reduce her pain。句意是：这位病人由于没有治愈的希望和减轻其痛苦的方法，她饱受疾病煎熬，于是请求大夫结束她的生命。
②John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon _______ a break at midday .
A. for B. with C. in D. as
[解析] 答案 B。此题考查介词短语作状语。即“with + n / pron + prep. phrase” 。句意是：约翰早上开始工作，中午稍作休息后又接着工作到下午稍晚些时候。
5>.“with + n / pron + adj ” 这一结构常作伴随性状语，表示状态。例如：
It was cold outside , the boy ran into the room ________ his nose red.
A. toB. onC. inD. with
[解析] 答案 D。这个句子是考查with 的复合结构用法的，用with +名词（nose）+形容词（red）作状语表示伴随情况。而to、on 、in 作为介词则没有这种用法，故排除A、
B、C，答案为D。句意是：外面天气很冷，那个男孩跑进了屋子时，鼻子红红的。再如：
Tom's father is used to sleeping with the window open.
6>. “with + n / pron + adv ”这一结构在句子中常作伴随状语,表示情况或状态。例如：_______all the representatives (代表)still not there , the meeting was postponed for several months.
A. WithoutB. WithC. ByD. Because
[解析] 答案 B。这里应填入一个介词结构以表示原因或状态，而在所给的选项中without 具有否定意义，不能用在这里；by则表示方式、手段等；because后则要跟从句，只有with具有这种用法，所以选B。句意是：在代表仍然不在场的情况下，会议被推迟了好几个月。类似的，再如：
With so many students away , we have got more room.
7> “with + n / pron + n ”在句中作定语或状语。如：
He died with his son yet a school
boy . 1.BBC English broadcasts programmes for China _______ explanation in Chinese.
A. inB.forC.with D.as
2. The young woman _______ a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the street.
A. withB.becauseC. on D. like
3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off.
A. asB. with C. forD. on
4. _______ so many homework to do, Mary won’t have time to play with her friends this morning.
A. WithoutB. WithC. ByD. Because
5. _______ the door open, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.
A. BecauseB. As C. WithD. Because of
6. _______ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone.
A. AsB.ForC. BecauseD. With
7. _______ all things considered, her proposal is of greater than his
A. LikeB.WithC. OnD. Without
8. _______ time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.
A. By B. OnC. WithD. As
参考答案：1-8 CABBCDBC
with复合结构小结的练习
英语中 “介词with + 复合宾语” 结构也叫介词with的复合结构, 即 “with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”, 这种结构在中学英语课本中频频出现，用法十分灵活而且复杂。近年来，高考命题者常常通过一定的语境来考查with这一复合结构的用法，下面让我们先看看两道与介词with复合结构相关的高考试题：
1.(NMET.2000) _________ production up by 60 % , the company has had anotherexcellent year
year
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
2.(Beijing. 2004) ________two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend.
A.BesidesB.With C. As for D.
Because
1>“with + n / pron + v-ing” 这一结构在句子中作伴随状语，说明情况，其中现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作。例如：
① ________our food ________, we had to walk to a village for help.（成都毕业班第一次诊断试题）
A. Since; runs out B. Because; run out
C. With; running out D. For; running out
[解析] 答案 C。“since、because、for”作“由于、因为”讲，是连词，其后只能跟从句，不能跟复合结构，所以不能选A、B、D。由于 run out是不及物动词短语且与our food之间存在主谓关系所以只能用 running out 结构，with在这里表示原因，故答案是C。句意是：在我们的食物快要用完的情况下，我们不得不向附近的村子求援。 ②.When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, ________ his lips moving.
A. asB. with C. for D. through 2>.“with + n / pron +v-ed. ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语，其中过去分词表示被动或完成了的动作。例如：
①---You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith .
---Yes, I know .But how could I ______the meeting date fixed so soon .
A. whileB. as C. after D. with②________ more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out .
A. As B. For C. With D. By③Many large cities, such as Liverpool and New York , have had experiments of this kind, ________ old factories turned into successful art centers.（南京市高三模拟试题）
A. for B. withC .as D .like 3>“with + n / pron + to do ”这一结构在句子中作原因状语，其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。 例如：
______so much homework to do , I won't have time to go to see the film tonight.
A. With B. To C. For D. In With nothing to do , I sat down watching TV.
4>“with + n / pron + prep. phrase .”这一结构在句子中作伴随状语，表示状态或说明情况或作定语。例如：
①_________and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor 's help to end her life .
A .Having given up hope of cureB. With no hope for cure
C . There being hope for cureD. In the hope of cure
②John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon _______ a break at midday .
A. for B. with C. in D. as 5>.“with + n / pron + adj ” 这一结构常作伴随性状语，表示状态。例如：
It was cold outside , the boy ran into the room ________ his nose red.
A. toB. onC. inD. withTom's father is used to sleeping with the window open.
6>. “with + n / pron + adv ”这一结构在句子中常作伴随状语,表示情况或状态。例如：
_______all the representatives (代表)still not there , the meeting was postponed for several months.
A. WithoutB. WithC. ByD. Because With so many students away , we have got more room.
7> “with + n / pron + n ”在句中作定语或状语。如：
He died with his son yet a school
boy .
1.BBC English broadcasts programs for China _______ explanation
in Chinese. A. inB.forC.with D.as
2. The young woman with a baby_____ in her arms was wandering in the street.
A. sleepB.sleepingC. slept D. sleeps
3. Everyone should go to sleep with the light _______.
A. turned off B. was turned offC. turning offD. turns off
4. _______ so many homework to do, Mary won’t have time to play with her friends this morning.
A. WithoutB. WithC. ByD. Because
5. _______ the door open, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.
A. BecauseB. As C. WithD. Because of
6. _______ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone.
A. AsB.ForC. BecauseD. With
7. _______ all things considered, her proposal is of greater than his
A. LikeB.WithC. OnD. Without
8. With time ______ , we will visit the Summer Palace.
A. permitB. permitting C. was permitted D. permitted
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