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定语从句where修饰抽象名词
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一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point
You reach a point where medicine can’t help.
你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。
The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。
We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我们到了必须改一改的地步。
注：有时point也可以是具体的地点：
Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E.
设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。
The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1.
事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。
二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case
There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb.
在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。
三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.
那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。
四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation
He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it.
你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。
五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position
It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job.
这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。
六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job
She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.
她想找一份能将她的'管理技能派上用场的工作。
I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day.
我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。
定语从句中where和which 的区别
一、区别
关键是看从句中的动词。
1）如果是及物动词（顾名思义，就是必须要接物做宾语的动词，或能用做被动的动词），则表明从句缺宾语，修饰物用which.
2）如动词是不及物（顾名思义就是不需要接物做宾语的或要接宾语时前面必须要加介词的，即用介宾的动词），则说明从句不缺宾语，可能是状语(或介宾）。表地点用where.时间用when.
二、例句
1）This is the town which I wanted to visit most.
这就是我曾经最想参观的城镇。
由于定语从句中谓语部分的动词visit缺少宾语,因此填入的关系词要充当它的宾语,故用关系代词which。
2）This is the town where I was born.
这就是我出生的城镇。
定语从句“I was born”不缺少主语和宾语,而是缺少地点状语,故用关系副词where,这里where充当地点状语,修饰was born。
3） Literature is the place where the past meets the present to contemplate the future.
在文学作品里,过去与现实交汇,以思考未来。
这里,先行词place表示地点,而且定语从句中不缺少主语和宾语,需要的是一个地点状语修饰meets,因而,此处用where来引导定语从句。
4） In fact, there are now so many deer that some are being sent to places which would like to return this kind of deer to the wild.
事实上,现在鹿群数量过多,以至于有些鹿被送到能使其回到野外的一些地方。
这句话中,先行词places是表示地点的名词,但是由于定语从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词which来引导,而不使用关系副词where来引导。
定语从句中where和which以及that的区别
从句中缺地点状语，用where或介词＋which引导。如：
Please put the letter on the desk where ／on which he can easily find it．
先行词是物时，其引导词可用 which也可用that，通常情况下二者可互换，但在有些情况下不能。
1．用which不用that引导定语从句的三种情况：
①非限制性定语从句用which，不用that引导。如：
Football，which is a very interesting game，is played all over the world．
②先行词为that时，为了避免重 复，定语从句用which不用that引导。如：
That which you borrowed from me wasn't a real diamond necklace．
③介词后用which不用that引导。如：
The method with which you solved the problem is very good．
2．用that不用which的七种情况：
①先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，用 that不用which引导。如：
This is the best place that I have ever visited．
The second question that is asked is why we don't fall off the earth．
②先行词为little，much，all，none，few，（the）one， something，everything，nothing，anything等不定代词时，用that引导。如：
There is nothing in the world that can frighten him．
③先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时，用 that引导。如：
He told us about the people and the cities that he had visited．
④先行词前有any，all，no，few，every，some，little， much，（the）very，（the）only，（the）last等词修饰时，用 that引导。如：
This is the very coat that I need．
Is oxygen the only gas that helps fire burn？
⑤先行词为which时，为了避免重复，用that引导。如：
Which is the book that you bought yesterday？
⑥先行词在从句中作表语时，常用that引导。如：
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930's．
⑦当主句是There be．．．句型时，用that引导。
There are two tickets for the film that are for you two．
在定语从句中引导地点用that 和where的区别
1.看被定语从句所修饰的先行词（名词/代词）能不能直接和从句相连.
如果可以直接和从句其他成分相连,无须补上介词,则用that/which；
如果需要额外补上介词才能放在定语从句中,则用where.
如：This is the city (which/that I stayed in last year).
把先行词the city放入后面的定语从句,为：
I stayed in (the city) last year.
the city直接做介词in的宾语,所以用which/that.
再如：This is the city (where I stayed last year).
把先行词the city放入定语从句,需要补上介词in方可,即为：
I stayed (in the city) last year.
所以使用where或in which.
2.看定语从句是缺少地点状语还是缺少主语/宾语/表语.
如果缺少地点状语,用where；
如果只缺少主语/宾语/表语,则用which/that.
如：This is the city (which/that) I visited last year.
从句I visited last year中,及物动词visited后面缺少一个宾语,所以用which/that；
再如：This is the city (where) I lived last year.
I lived last year中,缺少地点状语in the city,所以用where或in which
situation后面的定语从句用that还是where
简单地说，situation后接的定语从句到底该用that, which来引导还是用where来引导，主要看后面的定语从句的主谓宾是否完整：
1.如果定语从句的主谓宾是完整的（不缺主语也不缺宾语），则要用where来引导。如：
It is asituation wherebasic human rights are being flagrantly abused.这种情形是对基本人权的公然践踏。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangeroussituation whereyou might lose it.你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。
It’s helpful to put children in asituation wherethey can see themselves differently.把孩子们放到一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中，这对于他们会有所帮助。
2.如果定语从句的主谓宾不完整（比如缺少主语或者缺少宾语），则要用that, which来引导。如：
It’s asituation thatmust be dealt with.这是必须要处理的事情。
This is asituation whichcannot be changed.这是无法改变的事实。
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