2016年职称英语综合类C级考前练习题及答案
第2部分：阅读判断(第16——22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
A Dog's Dilemma
Finding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience. For the African wild dog, one of the continent's most endangered carnivores, it's a matter of life and death. New research shows that once packs fall below a certain size, there are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.
The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century. Habitual loss, persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed. Only 3, 000 to 5, 000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.
Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena face similar pressures, yet are not declining. Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why. The dog's weakness lies in its social organisation.
Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed. The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.
Because pups can't keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators, which include lions and hyenas. But leaving a babysitter also carries costs. A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill. There is also one less stomach in which to carry food hack to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.
Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off by modelling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size. This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter. But with smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions- which itself carries a cost to the pack.
Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model. Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did. There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.
A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle, says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University. "Poor reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in failure of the whole pack. " And deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduces pack numbers to below the sustainable threshold. Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London's Institute of Zoology agrees. Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vital in pre serving the species, he says.
16. The African wild dog has been endangered.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The spotted hyena is on the verge of extinction.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. The remaining lions will die out within decades.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The dominant female is always left behind to protect the young.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. There is a tension between babysitting and hunting.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The size of a pack must be big enough for it to survive.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23——30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.
Keeping Cut Flowers
1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.
2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations(康乃馨)retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.
3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination(授粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), called respiration(呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.
4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.
5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach(含氯漂白剂)can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach(at 4% solution)be added to each liter of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.
23 Paragraph 2__________.
24 Paragraph 3__________.
25 Paragraph 4__________.
26 Paragraph 5__________.
A Control of Respiration
B Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers
C Role of Respiration
D Most Important Aspect of Flower Care
E Need for Clean Water
F Ways of Stopping Respiration
27 A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers__________.
28 Respiration plays a key role__________
29 The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down__________.
30 Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is__________.
A by keeping its original shape and color
B in the life of cut flowers
C to produce carbon dioxide
D for as long as possible
E by controlling temperature
F to replace the water and solution every day