第三部分概括大意和完成句子,没有温室气体我们所知道的生命就不能生存,选的依据在第一段的第二句和昀后一句,其他主要的甲烷来源有石油钻井采煤固体垃圾以及沼泽地,牛吃的大部分是草但却长得身高体壮。

概括大意和完成句子2017-07-05 19:28:04 | #1楼回目录

第三部分概括大意和完成句子

第一篇USSignsGlobalTobaccoTreaty

http://www.oh100.com untriesthatratifytheFCTCwillhaveto,amongotherthings,.

7.ItishopedthattheFCTCwillgreatlyhelptoreducedeaths8.MuchmorecountrieshavesignedtheFCTCthanthosethat.

A.haveratifieditB.approvingitC.implementitsprovisionsD.restrictsmokinginpublicplacesE.causedbytobaccouseF.includinghighertobaccotaxes

第二篇NappingtoaHealthierHeart?

1..2..

5.Accordingtosomeresearchers,bymeasuringthelevelsofNT-proBNPinthebloodpeoplemayknow

6.IfapersonhasahighlevelofNT-proBNP

7.Peoplewhotakeregularafternoonnaps.

8.SofartherehavenotbeendefinitedatatoconfirmAwherefewerpeoplediefromheartproblem.

Bwhethertheyhavetheriskofheartattack,heartfailureorstroke.

Cwouldprobablyhavelowerratesofheartdisease.

DhowtotestapersonsNT-proBNPlevelinthebloodbyhimself.

Ehisheartmusclewouldbeunderpressureinsomeway.

Fthatnappingisofgreatbenefittowomentoo.

第三篇ManyBenefitsfromCancerOrganization

1.2.34

5.TheAmericanCancerSociety’sresearchprogramhasbenefited6.Thesurvivalperiodfor60%ofcancerpatientstodayis

7.Manyoutstandingapplicationsareturneddowneachyearfor8.MorecancerbreakthroughscanbemadewithA.lackoffundingB.manycancerpatientsC.morelivesbeingsavedD.morethanfiveyearsE.theultimateanswersF.morefunding

第四篇ThePaperChase

http://www.oh100.com alingWithBills5.StephanieDentonisexpert

6.Youcanputyourfilecartanywhereyoulike, http://www.oh100.com uponsshouldbethrownawaybecause8.“Mentallyflexible”indicatesthefactA.theyareuselessB.inpaperchaseC.thatitiseasilyreachedD.thatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentrequirementsE.theyarenotcomfortableF.ininvestingincoupons

第五篇ChinaSeeksDonorstoNarrowBoneMarrowGap

1.3.

5.Itseemsthatmanyoftherecipientsarenotrichenough

6.AtpresentthenumberofbonemarrowdonorsinmainlandChinais

7.Somesolventsandbuildingmaterialsareconsidered

8.Obviously,recruitingvoluntarybonemarrowdonorsinmainlandChinais_.

A.aboutonepercentofthetotalpopulationB.toberesponsibleforchildhoodleuckaemiaC.anurgentandtoughtaketobeaccomplishedD.lethanonethirdoftheminimumE.anexpensivecosttobepaidF.toaffordthecostofbonemarrowtransplantation

*第六篇PregnantWomenWarnedAboutACEInhibitor

1.2.

5.FDAsuggeststhatpregnantwomenwithhighbloodpressureshouldconsult.

6.ACEinhibitorsarenotrecommended7.Evidenceshowedonlyasmallpercentageofbabiessufferedmajordisorders8.ACEisariskfactortoourbodyAthatmaycauseourbloodvesselstobecomemoreandmorenarrow

Bforpregnantwomentotakeduringtheirlastsixmonthsofpregnancies

Cthattheirlikelihoodtosuffermajorproblemsistwotimeshigherthanotherbabies

Dwiththeirdoctorsabouthowtotreattheirproblems

Ebecausediabetesduringpregnancymaysometimesleadtobirthdefects

FthoughtheirmotherstookACEinhibitorsduringtheirfirstthreemonthsofpregnancies*第七篇ScreenTest

1.3.5.Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay

http://www.oh100.com layingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay

8.RadiationexposureshouldbeA.becostlyB.harmfulC.savealifeD.stillopentodebateE.reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancerF.reducedtotheminimum

*第八篇LungCancer

1.2.4.

5.RoutineX-raychestexaminationisnotsodangerous

6.Aprimarylungcancerpatientmaybecuredbyremovingthelungcompletely

7.Peoplearestillnotsure

8.Themorecigarettesonesmokes,.

A.beforethecancercellsspreadelsewhereB.themorechancesofdyingofX-rayradiationhewillhaveC.whatismostresponsibleforlungcancer

D.assomepeopleimagineE.themorechancesofgettinglungcancerhewillhave

F.whichformoflungcancerisacommonone

*第九篇Aspirin—aNewMiracleDrug

http://www.oh100.com hemiddleofthelastcenturyCravenmade

6.ItisBayerCompany

7.Thereisaprostaglandin

8.Numerousstudiesconcluded

A.thataspirinhasapositiveeffectonheartattacksandstokes

http://www.oh100.com o“double-blind”trialsofpatientswithheartdiseaseC.thatfirstproducedaspirinforsaleD.theunsuspectedeffectonpainandfeverE.importantobservationsontheeffectsofaspirinF.thatmaycauseclotstobeformedinthearteries

*第十篇TheSafeneofIUDsHIV-positiveWomen

1.3.4.

5.Accordingtocurrentguidelines,womenshouldnotuseIUDs

6.Currentguidelinesbarelyrecommend

7.Frombothcurrentguidelinesandthenewstudywemayconclude

8.ThenewstudymaintainsthattheIUDisasafecontraceptivemethodforHIV-infectedwomen

A.whatcontraceptiveisgoodforHIV-infectedwomenB.iftheygotoseethedoctoratregularintervalsC.whatarelationshipbetweenincreasedcervicalHIVsheddingandtheuseoforalontraceptivesD.thatsexuallytransmitteddiseasesmayincreasetheriskofIUDcomplicationsE.iftheyareHIVcarriersF.thattakingoralcontraceptivesismuchsaferthanusingIUDsforHIV-infectedwomen

+第十一篇SurgeryInvolvingtheHeart

1.2.4.5.Thebloodisoxygenatedandcarbondioxideinitisremoved.

6.Theheart-lungmachineisanessentialhelperforsurgeons7.Endocarditismaycausevalvestobedamaged

8.Itisextremelyimportantinhearttransplantation

A.andfinallytheyfailtofunctionproperly

http://www.oh100.com erformmanysurgicaloperationsonthechest

C.whenitpassesthroughtheheart-lungmachine

D.andtheynolongerobstructthebloodflow

E.tomatchtissuesofthedonorandtherecipient

F.whentheineffectivevalvesarereplacedbyartificialones

+第十二篇GinsengShowsBenefitinCancerTreatment

1.3.4.5.DoctorsintheUSwantedtoknow6.Bothstudiesonflaxseedandginsengshow7.Itistheuniquenutrientprofileofflaxseed

http://www.oh100.com heginsengtrialtheresearcherstestedthepotencyofginsengAthatledtheresearchersinDuke'sSchoolofNursingtostudyit

Bbygivingdifferentdosesoftheherbtopatientswithdifferentcancers

Cwhetherthefoodsandsupplementspatientstookeverydayweregoodornot

Dthoughbothflaxseedandginsengareallhealthyalternativemedicines

Ethateitherofthemisbeneficialtocancerpatients

Fbecausewestillhavetoseeifflaxseedcanpreventprostatecancer

+第十三篇WardoffTravelBugs

1.4.5.Food-poisoningmayposeaproblem.

6.Specialearplugscanmakeyoufeelbetter.

7.Itisimportanttodrinkalotofwater_.

8.Don'tforgettobringnecessarymedicine__.

A.whenyourplaneisabouttolandB.whenyouaretakingtabletsC.whenyousufferfrom

food-poisoningD.whenyouaretravellingE.whenyouarepackingforyourtourF.whenyouarehavingacold

+第十四篇ABaby’sGrowth

1.2.

5.Thebaby’sabilitytosensethevisualspaceowesto.

6.Inimitatingthebehaviorofonehandwiththeother,thebabyisableto

7.Ababywillsmileashisimageat

8.Thebaby’sextensionofaffectionshouldmakethemother

http://www.oh100.com lonehandfromtheother

D.theperfectionofvisionandtheabilitytoholdhisheadupE.haspreferenceamonghistoysF.explorehistoys

+第十五篇OptimistsReallyDoLiveLonger,SayScientists

1.2.

5.Somescholarsdidnotbelieve

6.Howlongonecanlivepartlydependson7.Anoptimistdoesnotnecessarilytry

8.Anexperimentshowedthatoptimistswere

A.toavoidunpleasantthingsinlifeB.inlookingonthebrightsideoflife

C.lelikelytocatchcoldD.howonelooksonlifeE.tobeunhappyallthetimemorelikelytogetcancer

F.

2016年职称英语概括大意和完成句子(12)+AStrongGreenhouseGas2017-07-05 19:27:13 | #2楼回目录

第十二篇AStrongGreenhouseGas

1Methaneisacolorless,odorlegas;itisalsoapotentgreenhousegas,andoncereleasedintotheatmosphere1,itabsorbsheatradiatingfromEarth’ssurface.That’swhymethaneisamajorcontributortotheplanet’sincreasingtemperaturerise—orglobalwarming.Moleculeformolecule,methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide2,themostabundantgreenhousegas.

2With13billioncowsbelchingalmostconstantlyaroundtheworld(100millionintheU.S.alone),it’snosurprisethatmethanereleasedbylivestockisoneofthechiefglobalsourcesofthegas.Otherprimemethanesources:petroleum,drilling,coalmining,solid-wastelandfillsandwetlands.

3GreenhousegaseslikemethaneandcarbondioxidemakeuponlyasmallpartofEarth’satmosphere,whichis78percentnitrogenandnearly21percentoxygen.Andwithoutgreenhousegasestotrapthesun’sheatandwarmtheplanet,lifeasweknowitcouldn’texist3.Butinthelast200years,humanactivitythatrequiresburningoil,naturalgas,andcoalforenergyhasmagnifiedthegreenhouseeffect.

4Atmosphericconcentrationsofmethanehavemorethandoubledinthelasttwocenturies.Blameforthisoftenfocusesonbigindustriesandgas-guzzlingvehicles.Butagricultureplaysamajorrole, http://www.oh100.com hepast40yearsalone,theglobalcattlepopulationhasdoubled.

5Cowsmunchmostlygrassesandhay—yettheygrowbigandhefty.Why?Becauseoftherumen.The

rumenholds160litersoffoodandbillionsofmicrobes.Thesemicroscopicbacteriaandbreakdowncelluloseandfiberintodigestiblenutrients.Acowcouldn’tlivewithoutitsmicrobes.Asthemicrobesdigestcellulose,theyreleasemethane.Theproceoccursinallanimalswitharumen(cows,sheep,andgoats,forexample),anditmakethemverygassy.It’spartoftheirnormaldigestionprocess.Whentheychewtheircud,theyregurgitatesomefoodtorechewit,andallthisgascomesout.Theaveragecowexpels600litersofmethaneaday.6That’swhywesaylivestockgasisalsoamajorfactorofcausingtheglobalwarming.

词汇:methane/5meWein/n.甲烷munch/mQntF/v.用力咀嚼odorle/`EJdElIs/adj.无味的hefty/5hefti/adj.健壮的potent/5pEutEnt/adj.强有力的rumen/5ru:men/n.瘤胃belch/belt/v.打嗝protozoan.原生动物(复数)livestock/5laivstCk/n.家畜,牲畜cellulose/5seljulEus/n.纤维素landfill/`lAndfIl/n.埋填的废渣nutrient/5nju:triEnt/adj.有营养的magnify/5mA^nifai/v.扩大cud/kQd/n.反刍的食物guzzle/^Qzl/v.大量消耗(燃料等)regurgitate/ri(:)5^E:dViteit/v.反刍

22注释:

1.oncereleasedintotheatmosphere,…:一旦(甲烷)释放到大气中……。oncereleasedintotheatmosphere相当于oncemethaneisreleasedintotheatmosphere。

2.Moleculeformolecule,methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide,…:按分子与分子对比,甲烷在大气中吸热的能力比二氧化碳强20倍……。介词for表示“对比或比例关系”。

3.withoutgreenhousegases…,lifeasweknowitcouldn’texist:没有温室气体……,我们所知道的生命就不能生存。本句中,life是主语。as从句中的it指代life。

4.Atmosphericconcentrationsofmethane:甲烷在大气中的浓度

练习:

1.Paragraph1

2.Paragraph2

3.Paragraph4

4.Paragraph5

ALifeofMicroscopicBacteriainLivestock’sRumen

BWaystoReduceMethane’sHeat-TrappingPower

CAgricultureAlsoContributestoIncreasedConcentrationsofMethaneintheAtmosphere

DWhyLivestockReleasesMethane

EMethaneasaStrongGreenhouseGas

FLivestockasaPrimeFactoroftheGreenhouseEffect

5.Methaneistotheintensifyinggreenhouseeffect.

6.Greenhousegasesareindispensabletomankind,buttheproblemmankindisfacedwithis.

7.Generallypeopleheapcriticismonfortheplanet’stemperaturerise.

8.Nothinghasbeenmentionedinthepassageabout.

Aoneofthemajorcontributors

Btheever-increasingatmosphericconcentrationsofgreenhousegases

Cbigandheftycows

Dlivestock’snormaldigestionprocess

Ehowtocutdownthecattlepopulations

Fbigindustriesandgas-guzzlingvehicles

答案与题解:

1.E本段的第三句点出了methane’sheat-trappingpowerintheatmosphereis21timesstrongerthancarbondioxide。

2.F本段要表达的中心意思是:livestock排出的甲烷也是温室效应的一个主要源头。

3.C本段表达的重点是用but转折的段后两句。

4.D本段从科学的角度分析反刍动物为什么会释放出甲烷。

5.A选A的依据在第一段的第二句和昀后一句。

6.B选B的依据在第三段的第二句、第三句和第四段的第一句。这三个句子先后介绍了下列观点:没有温室气体,生物不能生存;人类燃烧能源,加剧温室效应;大气甲烷含量增加一倍。7.F第四段第二句直接谈到这个问题。人们常常将不断加剧的温室效应归罪于大工业和汽车,而cattle释放甲烷的因素被忽略了。

8.E选项E是本文没有提到的内容,也就是说,其他五个选项的内容文章部有涉及。

第十二篇一种强烈的温室气体

甲烷是一种无色无味的气体,同时也是一种很强烈的温室气体,一旦释放到空气中,就会吸收地球表面散发的热量。所以说甲烷是使这个星球日趋变暖(或叫全球变暖)的一个主要原因。按分子与分子对比,甲烷在大气中吸收热量的能力是二氧化碳——昀丰富的温室气体的21倍。

由于全世界有130亿头牛几乎在连续不断地打嗝(仅美国就有一亿头),难怪由牲畜释放的甲烷就成为了一种主要的全球性甲烷来源。其他主要的甲烷来源有:石油、钻井、采煤、固体垃圾以及沼泽地。

甲烷和二氧化碳等温室气体只占地球大气的一小部分,大气中78%为氮气,将近21%为氧气。如果没有温室气体来吸收太阳的热量,使地球变暖,我们所知道的生命就不会存在。但在过去的200年里,通过燃烧油、天然气和煤来获取能量的人类活动加剧了温室效应。

在过去的两个世纪里,甲烷在大气中的浓度地加了一倍多,人们常常将此归罪于大工业和汽车。但是农业在其中也扮演了一个重要角色。仅在过去40年里,全球牲畜数量就翻了一番。

牛吃的大部分是草,但却长得身高体壮。原因何在?在于它们都长有瘤胃。它们的瘤胃容纳160升的食物,养育数十亿的微生物。这些微小的细菌和原生动物可分解纤维素,形成可吸收的营养。没有这些微生物牛就无法生存。由于微生物可吸收纤维素,所以就会释放出甲烷。所有长有瘤胃的动物(比如牛、绵羊和山

羊)都会这样,因此它们经常释放出气体。这是它们的正常吸收过程的一部分。它们反刍时,就会将食物重新咀嚼,于是就释放出气体。一般每头牛每天会排出600升甲烷。

因此,我们认为,牲畜释放的气体也是全球变暖的一个主要因素。

2016年职称英语概括大意和完成句子(9)-MoreRuralResearchIsNeeded2017-07-05 19:27:12 | #3楼回目录

第九篇MoreRuralResearchIsNeeded

1Agriculturalresearchfundingisvitaliftheworldistofeeditselfbetterthanitdoesnow.Dr.TonyFischer,cropscientist,saiddemandwasgrowingat2.5%peryear,butwithmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead1.

2“Theglobaldeclineininvestmentininternationalagriculturalresearchmustbereversedifsignificantprogreistobemadetowardsreducingmalnutritionandpoverty,”hesaid.

3Researchisneededtosolvefoodproduction,landdegradation2andenvironmentalproblems.Securelocalfoodsupplies3ledtoeconomicgrowthwhich,inturn,slowedpopulationgrowth.Dr.Fischerpaintedapictureoftheworld’sabilitytofeeditselfinthefirst25years,whentheworld’spopulationisexpectedtorisefrom5.8to8billionpeople.Hesaidthatthingswillprobablyholdorimprove4butthere’llstillbealotofhungrypeople.Thebiggestconcentrationofpoorandhungrypeoplewouldbeinsub-SaharanAfricaandsouthernAsiain2020,similartothecurrentpattern.Ifthereisanychange,aslightimprovementwillbeseeninsouthernAsia,butnotinsub-SaharanAfrica.ThemajorimprovementwillbeineastAsia,SouthAmericaandSouth-EastAsia.

4Thedevelopingworldwasinvestingabout0.5%,or$8billionayear,ofitsagriculturalgrodomesticproduct(GDP)on5research,andthedevelopedworldwasspending2.5%ofitsGDP.Dr.Fischersaidmorewasneededfromallcountries.

5Hesaidcropresearchcouldproducetechnologiesthatspreadacromanycountries,suchaswheatproductionresearchhavingspin-offsforMexico,ChinaorIndia6.

6“Technologiesstillneedtoberefinedforthelocalconditionsbutalotofthestrategicresearchcanhaveglobalapplication,sothatmoneycanbeusedveryefficiently,”Dr.Fischersaid.

7Yieldsofrice,wheatandmaizehavegrownimpressivelyinthepast30years,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Forexample,maizeproductionrosefrom2-8tonnesperhectarebetween1950and1995.Buttechnologiesdrivingthisgrowth,suchashigh-yieldvarieties,fertilizers,andirrigation,werebecomingexhausted.“Ifyouwanttosavethelandfornon-agriculturalactivities,forforestsandwildlife,you’regoingtohavetoincreaseyield,”Dr.Fischersaid.

词汇:funding/5fQndiN/n.为……提供资金,拨专款domestic/dE5mestik/adj.国内的modem/5mEudEm/n.调制解调器grodomesticproduct国内生产总值malnutrition/5mAlnju(:)5triFEn/n.营养不良spin-offn.有用的副产品degradation/7de^rE5deiFEn/n.降级,(土地)贫瘠化strategic/strE5ti:dVik/adj.战略的gro/^rEus/adj.总的,全部的application/7Apli5keiFEn/n.应用

maize/meiz/n.玉米hectare/5hektB:/n.公顷注释:

1.…butwithmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead:……但由于有了现代技术和新技术的开发,世界应该能够不断前进。ones指代前面的technologies。

2.landdegradation土地贫瘠化

3.securelocalfoodsupplies:稳定的当地粮食供应

4.Hesaidthatthingswillprobablyholdorimprove…:他说情况很可能保持现状或有所改善……。Hold:保持。

5.invest…on:这是一个固定动词用法,意思是“把……投资于”。

6.Hesaidcropresearchcouldproducetechnologiesthatspreadacromanycountries,suchaswheatproductionresearchhavingspin-offsforMexico,ChinaorIndia:他说粮食研究会开发出新技术,这些新技术又会传播到许多国家,例如小麦生产研究的成果已经在墨西哥、中国或印度得到应用。spreadacross:传播到。havingspin-offsfor…是现在分词短语,修饰wheatproductionresearch。

练习:

1.Paragraph1ATheSameorImprovedFoodSupplySituationin2020

2.Paragraph3BCResearchFocusonIncreasedYieldMoreResearchFundingNeeded

3.Paragraph4DLocalSituationsAnalyzed

4.Paragraph7EFIncreaseinInvestmentonAgriculturalResearchSustainedDevelopmentofModernTechnologies

5.Dr.Fischerclaimsthatagriculturewillcontinuetodevelop.

6.Landcanbesavedforotherpurposes.

7.Theinvestmentcanberegardedasefficient.

8.Theglobaldecreaseininvestmentshouldbechanged

Aifwecandriveyieldup

BwhenMexico,ChinaandIndiajoinintheproject

CSustainedDevelopmentofModernTechnologies

Dwhenweusemoderntechnologiesanddevelopnewones

Ewhenthedevelopedworldhelpthedevelopingworld

答案与题解:

1.E本段谈及粮食需求以每年2.5%的速度递增,所以,农业研究资金的投入至关重要。

2.A本段引用了费舍的观点,如果能进行农业研究,在本世纪第一个25年中,即使世界人口从58亿增加到80亿,粮食供应的格局和现在大致相同或有所改善。

3.C本段指出,农业研究的资金投入还要增加。

4.B本段的中心思想是提高农作物的单位面积产量。过去30年的实践证明提高单位面积产量是可能的。

5.D本题答案的依据是第一段第二句的后半句:…withmoderntechnologiesandthedevelopmentofnewones,theworldshouldbeabletostayahead.

6.A答案可在昀后一段找到。原句是:Ifyouwanttosavethelandfornon-agriculturalactivities,forforestsandwildlife,you’regoingtohavetoincreaseyield…

7.F第六段有这么一句话:…alotofthestrategicresearchcanhaveglobalapplication,sothatmoneycanbeusedveryefficiently.提示我们,选项F是答案。

8.C答案可在第二段找到。原句是:Theglobaldeclineininvestmentininternationalagriculturalresearchmustbe

reversedifsignificantprogreistobemadetowardsreducingmalnutritionandpoverty…

第九篇需要进行更多的农业研究

如果世界人民想比现在吃得更好,农业研究资金的投入至关重要。农业科学家托尼·费舍说过需求每年增长2.5%,但由于有了现代技术和新技术的开发,世界应该能够不断前进。他说:“要想在减少营养不良和贫困方面取得巨大的进步,就必须扭转全球对国际农业研究投入下滑的趋势。”

解决粮食生产、土地贫瘠化和环境污染问题,必须进行研究。稳定的当地粮食供应可以促进经济地长,放慢人口地长速度。费舍博士描绘说,世界有能力在人口由58亿增加到80亿的头25年实现粮食供应充足。情况很可能保持现状或有所改善,但仍会有大批人口处于饥饿当中。2020年贫穷和饥饿人口昀大集中地为撒哈拉以南的非洲部分和南亚,这与目前情况类似。如果有什么变化的话,也只是在南亚有稍微的改善,而不是在撒哈拉以南的非洲。主要改善地区将是东亚、南美和东南亚。

发展中国家每年将农业国内生产总值的大约0.5%(80亿美元)用于研究,发达国家则用2.5%的国内生产总值进行研究。费舍博士说所有国家都需要更多的资金。他说粮食研究会开发出新技术,这些新技术又会传播到许多国家,例如小麦生产研究的成果已经在墨西哥、

中国或印度得到应用。他说:“技术仍需因地制宜进行改进,但许多战略性研究可以在全球应用,所以可以

非常有效地利用财力。”在过去30年中,大米、小麦和玉米的产能大幅度地增长,尤其是在发展中国家,例如,1950年到1995年,玉米产量由每公顷2吨均加到每公顷8吨。但是,推动高产的技术,比如高产新品种、化肥以及灌溉,正在消耗殆荆费舍博士说:“如果你想腾出土地做非农业用途,保护森林和野生动物,就必须提高单位面积产量。”

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