英语 百文网手机站

英语高中定语从句讲解

时间:2021-07-05 19:14:40 英语 我要投稿

英语高中定语从句讲解

  英语高中定语从句讲解篇一

英语高中定语从句讲解

  1. 以what等连接代词引导的主语从句

  What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。

  Whoever wants it may have it. 谁要都可以给他。

  同类的连接代词还有:What, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever

  2. 以that, whether从属连词引导的主语从句

  It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪,他竟然错了。

  That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的设备,这是很明显的。

  Whether he will join us won't make too much difference.

  他是否加入我们,没有太大的差别。

  3. 主语从句的引导词that什么时候可以省略

  当主语从句不太长时,引导词“that”可以省略

  It's clear (that) he has done his best. 很明显他已经尽力而为了。

  It's a wonder (that) he didn't fail. 真奇怪,他没有失败。

  4. 以when等连接副词引导的主语从句

  When they will come hasn't been made public. 他们什么时候来还没有公布。

  Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪儿,还不知道。

  Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 为什么他做那件事将永远是个谜团。

  学好英语的18条黄金法则

  1.What is language for? Some people seem to think it is for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words--the longer the words the better. That’s wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas, for communication.

  语言到底是用来干什么的呢?一些人认为它是用来操练语法规则和学习一大堆单词——而且单词越长越好。这个想法是错误的。语言是用来交换思想,进行交流沟通的!

  2. The way to learn a language is to practice speaking it as often as possible.

  学习一门语言的方法就是要尽量多地练习说。

  3. A great man once said it is necessary to drill as much as possible, and the more you apply it in real situations, the more natural it will become.

  一位伟人曾说,反复操练是非常必要的,你越多的将所学到的东西运用到实际生活中,他们就变的越自然。

  4.Listening and imitating should always go together. Use the LIP method! Listen-Imitate-Practice!

  听和模仿一定要同时做,使用“LIP”方法:听、模仿、操练!

  5. Use all your senses to learn English. You must hear English, read English, touch English, smell English, and taste English. Feel English with your heart. Immerse yourself in this language. Begin to think in English.

  运用一切感官学习英语。你必须听英语、说英语、触摸英语、闻英语,还要尝尝英语的味道。用心去感受英语。让自己沉浸在这门语言当中。学会用英语思考。

  6. Relax! Be patient and enjoy yourself. Learning foreign languages is just a piece of cake.

  放轻松!要有耐心,并且享受英语带来的乐趣!学习外语只不过是小菜一碟。

  7. Rome wasn’t built in a day. Work harder and practice more. Your hardworking will be rewarded by God one day. God is equal to everyone!

  冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。更加努力的学习,更加勤奋的操练,你所付出的一切将会得到上帝的报答,上帝是公平的。

  8. Use a dictionary and grammar guide constantly. Keep a small English dictionary with you at all time. When you see a new word, look it up. Think about the word--use it. in your mind, in a sentence.

  经常使用字典和语法指南。随身携带一本小英文字典,当你看到一个新字时就去查阅它,思考这个字——然后学着去用它,在你的心中,在一个句子里。

  9. Try to think in English whenever possible. When you see something, think of the English word of it; then think about the word in a sentence.

  一有机会就努力去用英文来思考。看到某事时,想想它的英文单词;然后把它用到一个句子中去。

  10. Practice tenses as much as possible. When you learn a new verb, learn its various forms.A thousand words will not leave so an deep impression as one deed.

  尽可能多的操练时态。学习一个动词的时候,要学习它的各种形态。千言万语不如一个行动

  11. I would also like to learn more about the culture behind the language. When you understand the cultural background, you can better use the language.

  我想学习和了解更多关于语言背后的文化知识,当你理解了文化背景,你就能更好地运用语言。

  12.Keep an English journal.Try to write a 高二 few sentences about your day and then blurt them out as many times as possible before you go to sleep. This will teach you to “think” in English. This habit will also help you live a move organized and fruitful life. Besides, you will score higher on your composition exams!

  坚持写英语日记。写几个句子描述一下你的一天,然后在睡觉前尽可能多地大声操练。这个方法可以教会你用英语“思考”。这个习惯还可以帮助你生活得更有条理、更有成效。此外,考试时作文你也可以拿更高的分!

  13.Choose materials that interest you! Reading about things that you like will naturally make learning more enjoyable and efficient. Everything is easier if you enjoy doing it!

  选择让你感兴趣的资料!阅读你喜欢的东西自然会使学习变得更愉快、更有效。你喜欢做,事情就会更容易!

  14.Make your friends proud by teaching them some English sentences. You can become an excellent teacher through tutoring your friends. Teaching is a great way to learn! Also remember, learning English can make people happier, feel younger and live longer!

  教你的朋友们英语,让他们感到骄傲。教朋友的过程中你会成为一名出色的老师。教学是学习的极好途径!别忘了,英语学习会让人更快乐、更年轻、活得更长久!

  15.Don’t be afraid to ask for help. The more times you ask for help, the more powerful your English will become. Never hesitate to ask! Learn as much as you can from as many different people as you can! An eager student will always find a teacher!

  不要害怕寻求帮助。你请求别入帮越多的忙,你的英语就会越厉害。不要犹豫,尽管发问!尽可能从不同的人身上学到更多的东西!求知欲强的学生总是会找到老师!

  16.Keep English constantly in your mind by listening, speaking of reading every day! Constant exposure will make it much easier to master this language. If you review only once a week, you will have a hard time remembering what you’ve learned.

  每天听,每天说,每天读,让英语时刻留在你脑中!持续的接触会让你更容易掌握这门语言。如果你只是一个星期复习一回,要记住你学的东西就太难了。

  17.Keep a positive attitude about English. If you think of English as a burden, it will be one! If you think of English as fun and exciting, you will practice more often and make progress more quickly!

  学英语要有积极的态度。如果你认为英语是个负担,它就是个负担!如果你认为英语有趣又刺激,你就会更经常地练习,进步得更快!

  18.Learning any language takes a lot of effort, but never give up. We will hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope!

  学习任何语言都是需要花费很多努力,但绝不要放弃。从绝望中寻找希望,人生终将辉煌!

  新高一英语听力技巧:如何通过听广播提高英语听力

  编者按:小编为大家收集发布了高中英语学习方法:新高一英语听力技巧:如何通过听广播提高英语听力,希望对大家有所帮助。

  新高一英语听力技巧:如何通过听广播提高英语听力

  现在有很多朋友在练习英语听力时把英文广播作为练习材料,这对提高听力水平是一种很有效的方法,而且因为播音员的口音非常纯正,所以多听广播对培养英语语感很有帮助。在各种英文广播中英国广播公司(BBC)和美国之音(VOA)是最具代表性的。

  但在实际的练习过程中有很多朋友会遇到这样的问题,即尽管可以听懂BBC和VOA播放的部分节目,但就是记不住所听到的内容。其实原因很简单,就是在听的过程中我们并没有时时刻刻高度集注意力。所以,如果你真的想记住你所听到的内容,那么:

  1. 你要确定你的兴趣是什么,它对你来说值不值得一听。

  2. 真正用心听,集中精力听那些你想记忆的重要信息。

  3. 不要把精力放在个别单词上,一定要听文章的全貌。只要你抓住了全文的意思,听不清或听不懂个别词也没关系。

  4. 听完广播之后,立即做一做自我测试,检验你能回忆起多少听过的内容。

  5. 把你从电台听到的东西向别人复述。

  6. 找个朋友一起听。广播结束后,你和他可以谈谈所听的内容,看看你们听到的一不一样。

  7. 如果你想隔较长时间再回忆你所听的内容,那么你最好把你所听的要点记录下来。

  通过上面的种种方法,只要你能勤加练习就可以在短时间内突破广播英语,记住听完了以后一定要及时整理、检验你的成果,不能放到一边,否则你很难达到令你满意的水平

  2016年高考英语冲刺:提高完形填空题技巧

  完型填空题占了很高的分数,可是很多考生却在该题丢掉很多的分数。做了那么多的题目,你发现完形填空题的考点了吗?

  在发掘完形填空题的考点规律之前,考生首先要正确认识以下几点。

  第一,答题时间可以长达15~18分钟,考生在训练时可以控制时间。

  第二,一定要用2~3分钟的时间进行缺词的情况下的整体阅读,弄清楚文章大意和基本脉络后再逐个填空。不要只是大致浏览,而是一定要理清文章脉络。

  第三,细读首句。完形填空题的首句不设空,一般是文章的中心句。

  第四,答题时,不要盯着选项看。真正需要考生一一分析选项的考点只有词汇辨析题。

  ·实例解读·

  (2011年全国Ⅰ卷)In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 1 course about 20years ago.

  The professor 2 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to 3 how many beans the jar contained. A fret 4 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 5 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 6 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 7 your own senses.”

  Twenty years later, the 8 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 9 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 10 into an unknowns world invisible(无形的)to the 11 , which can be discovered only through scientific 12 。 But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 13 the invitation. She was just 14 to understand the world .And she 15 that her firsthand experience could be the 16 。 The professor, however, said that it was 17 。 He was taking away her only 18 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代)。 “I remember feeling small and 19 。” The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 20 the course the afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”

  ◆上下文 1.A.art B.history C. science D. math

  ■词汇辨析2.A.searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into(步入)

  ◆上下文 3.A.count B. guess C. report D. watch

  ◆上下文 4.A.warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to

  ▲常识推理5.A.ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult

  ●固定搭配6.A.1earned B. prepared C. taught D. taken

  ◆上下文 7.A.1ose B. trust C. sharpen D. taken

  ◆上下文 8.A.1ecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman

  ●固定搭配9.A.described B. respected C. saw D. served

  ■词汇辨析10.A.voyage B. movement C. change D. rush

  ▲常识推理 11.A. professor B.eye C.knowledge D.light

  ■词汇辨析12.A.model B.senses C.spirit D.methods

  ◆上下文 13.A.hear B. make C.present D.refuse

  ?逻辑推理 14.A.suggesting B.beginning C.pretending D.waiting

  ?逻辑推理 15.A.believed B.doubted C. proved D.explained

  ?逻辑推理 16.A.growth B.strength C.faith D.truth

  ?逻辑推理17.A.firm B. interesting C.wrong D.acceptable

  ■词汇辨析18.A.task B.tool C.success D.connection

  ?逻辑推理19.A.cruel B.proud C.frightened D.brave

  ■词汇辨析20.A.dropped B.started C.passed D.missed

  注:上述每道题的选项前面的考点分类,考生可以在做完题目之后进行整理。

  英语定语从句讲解及练习

  定于从句是高中重点知识,也是高考常考点,大家也不容易掌握,这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句

  关系副词引导的定语从句 判断关系代词与关系副词 限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容,有例题讲解

  定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常

  出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

  关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。

  关系副词有:when, where, why等。

  18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

  1)who, whom, that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:

  Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

  He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

  2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

  3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:

  A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

  农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句

  关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

  1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。例如:

  There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

  Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

  Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

  2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介+which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如:

  His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

  He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.

  他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

  18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词

  方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:

  This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。

  I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。

  判断改错:

  (错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

  (错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

  (对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

  (对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

  习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

  方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

  例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

  A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

  例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

  A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

  答案:例1 D,例2 A

  例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

  例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

  在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。

  而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。

  关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。

  18.4 限制性和非限制性定语从句

  1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如:

  This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)

  The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.

  这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)

  2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如:

  Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.

  查理?史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。

  My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.

  我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

  This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。

  3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如:

  He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.

  他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。

  Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。

  说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

  18.5 介词+关系词

  1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。

  2)that前不能有介词。

  3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如:

  This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。

  This is the house where I lived two years ago.

  Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗?

  Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

  18.6 as, which 非限定性定语从句

  由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。例如:

  As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。

  The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳使地球暖起来,这对我们人类很重要。

  典型例题

  1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

  A. it B. that C. which D. he

  答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

  2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

  A. what B. which C. that D. it

  答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。

  3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..

  A. that B. which C. as D. it

  答案B. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:

  (1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。

  (2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B。

  as 的用法

  例1. the same…as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。例如:

  I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。

  例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'。例如:

  As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。

  As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.

  As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。

  18.7 先行词和关系词二合一

  1) Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)

  2) The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)

  18.8 what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever

  1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything。例如:

  What you want has been sent here. 你要的动词都送来了。

  Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么,跟我没什么关系。

  2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如:

  (错)Who breaks the law will be punished.

  (错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.

  (对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 王子犯法,与庶民同罪。

  (对)Who robbed the bank is not clear. 谁抢了银行还不清楚。

  3) that 和 what

  高中英语听力训练的四个阶段

  各科成绩的提高是同学们提高总体学习成绩的重要途径,大家一定要在平时的练习中不断积累,小编为大家整理了高中英语听力训练的四个阶段,希望同学们牢牢掌握,不断取得进步!

  ⑴入门阶段

  这个阶段适合初学者。在学完字母及一些简单句型和词汇后即可开始。一般可以进行三个听力练习:

  1)句型练习:做这项练习时,可以把句型、词汇及语法三项结合起来。这方面有不少国内外出版的句型练习教科书及录音带,如:《英语九百句》(English900)和《情景对话》(SituationalDialogues),邓炎昌编的《英语会话五十题》和邓荣成编译的《实用英语问答》等。这些课本编排比较科学,由浅入深,循序渐进,照顾到生活常用词汇和句型,耐用做到了关键句型反复出现。配合课本录制的磁带质量也很好,几乎都包括速度较慢的跟读和重复练习。

  2)浅显易懂的英语小故事:听小故事也是这一阶段听力训练的重要步骤。如《罗宾汉的故事》(GRIMM‘STALES),<<伊索寓言>>(AESOP’SFABLES)等。<<新概念英语>>第一二册等的也可采用。听故事旨在听懂大意,锻炼把前后内的英语书面符号同声音结合起来。

  3)中外录制的教科书课文:中外出版的一些英语教科书如:许国璋主编的《英语》统编教材一到四册,周珊凤,张祥保主编的《大学英语》,英国朗曼公司出版的《基础英语》(ESSENTIALENGLISH)及美国麦希尔公司出版的>今日英语>(ENGLISHFORTODAY)等,内容丰富,课文有相当的长度和难度。如果学习时配合听课文录音,或先听后读`或学了之后再听,都可以达到从声音入手反复熟悉课文的目的,既学了课文,又练了听力。

  最后,在入门阶段,尽管掌握的英语不多,还是应该努力把听和说结合起来,积极利用学过的内容,组织自学伙伴,开展对话。有条件的话,争取能听听中外籍人士用英语介绍生活,学习或英,美情况的小报告,即使兴能勉强听懂一部分也应尝试。

  ⑵初级阶段

  这一阶段仍属基础学习阶段。主要任务是扩大,加深和巩固入门阶段所学成果,可以从以下几方面进行训练习:

  1)继续听句型练习和小故事:这一阶段要注意通过时间较长,难度较大,语言现象较复杂的听力材料来继续解决语音,词汇和语法这三方面的问题。如果仍沿用入门阶段的句型练习材料,就要加大单位时间听力材料的数量,并争取在回答或重复时提高自己的准确度。总之,应在材料难度及反应速度方面下功夫。在听小故事方面可听《如此故事》(WHATASTORY)一类的成品录音带。其特点是在录制故事时,有意识地安排了好几个人插话,提问,以中断某人叙述的方式来进行一些意见交流,这也可算作情景对话,得同简单的问答式对话大不相同,它更接近真实生活,也更自然。

  2)选听各种报告录音,扩大听的内容:为了扩大词汇,并逐步适应不同口音和年龄的讲话,这一阶段可选听一些浅易的英美历史、地理、风俗人情的报告。英美人士访华印象的讲话也是很好的内容。这些讲话一般以半小时左右为宜,既增长知识又提高听力。

  3)开始收听北京电台对外广播:电台的英语涉及政治、经济、文化等各方面内容,语言比较规范,播音员语音、语调又是楷模,因此听英语广播是学习英语的极好途径。北京电台(RadilBeijing)收听方便,每日内容更新,多数是有关我国各方面发展的消息。由于学习者熟悉这些内容,这就降低了听力难度,所以对听力刚刚入门的人来说是比较合适的。在这一阶段,听的重点应是北京电台对外的新闻广播、国际形势分析及一些文化评论。听时要摸索新闻广播的一般规律,注意培养听新闻的一些基本技巧和方法。如果一开始感到困难,可以采取以下两个辅助办法,即在听广播之前阅读《北京周报》(BEIJINGREVIEW),《中国日报》(CHINADAILY)或《新华电讯稿》(XIN-HUANEWSBULLETIN)有关文章。这样,在内容和词汇有一定准备的情况下,听英语广播就会容易得多。另外,可以把新闻和评论录制下来,反复精听,逐句推敲。这也是抽调听力的一个委好训练方法。在这一阶段,仍应进行听说配合的群练,做口头作文,沁报告等等,并开展力扫能及的讨论。

  ⑶中级阶段

  本阶段应从机械训练转向实践,从课本进入社会。解决听外台的能力作国这一阶段的一项主要任务。可进行以下训练。

  1)听美国之音(VOA)慢速广播(VOASPECIALENGLISHPROGRAM)或英国广播公司(BBC)英语广播(BBCENGLISHBYRADIO):这两个节目速度较慢,在词汇选择上也有适当控制,因此作为训练听外台的起步练习是很合适的。开始时可根据自己熟悉的工英国或美国音来选听BBC或VOA,然后逐步向另一台过渡。在听这两种特殊节目毫无困难之后,就可转向正常速度的英美电台广播。电台广播和报刊杂志的'内容是紧密联系在一起的。因此,在进行这一训练的同时,应阅读一些英文报刊杂志。

  2)视听结合,训练听懂电影,戏剧的能力:看外语电影可以纳入这一阶段的训练。听电影,戏剧中的台词,实际是相当难的,作为起步,可以先看一些翻译成英语的国产电影,如《闪闪的红星》甚至幻灯片《高玉宝》等。然后选看熟悉的影片,如《列宁在一九一八》,《战争与和平》等。最后可尝试听一些语言规范,内容健康的原版英美电影,如《冰海沉船》《百万英磅》《简。爱》《孤星血泪》《雾都孤儿》《红菱艳》以及中央电视台的《星期日英语》(ENGLISHONSUNDAY)节目中经常播放的一些英美电影对话,不能要求每句话,每个字都听懂,应以是否正确把握住了故事情节和重要的细节为标准。

  3)继续前两阶段的某些听力训练:听力训练是长期的,经常的任务因此,各人可以根据自己的薄弱环节,在向新内容发展的同时,坚持进行某些前两阶段采用过的听力练习形式,但难度和词汇量工有所加强,要多听英。美文化和政治经济方面的报告,以及访华学者就当今大家感兴趣和国际问题,青年问题等所作的一小时左右的报告。

  [4]高级阶段

  本阶段完成后,英语学习者应达到或者接近英美人的听力水平,并能应付各种情况。

  1)在听外台方面,要训练听正常速度节目。要从重点听新闻,转向多听专栏评论和报道。

  2)在可能条件下,争取听使用英语的学术讨论会,语言学,文学,历史,政治经济等问题的讲座和科普报告,并积极参加报告会后的讨论活动。

  3)如有兴趣或需要,可进一步训练听戏剧台词和诗歌朗诵,如莎士比亚,萧伯纳,奥尼尔等名家的戏剧,或英美诗歌名篇。

  4)练习听用英语讲授的课程,学习英语是为了掌握一种语言工具,从而更好地精通自己的专业,因此,在这一听力阶段应达到听懂用英语讲授的专业课程或报告,要练习完全用英语进行思维,把耳听,思考,理解和笔录完美地用英语统一起来,如果客观上没有这种听课条件,大量阅读专业资料,听有关专业风空的英语报告,并积极开展英语讨论,与同行交换看法等,也或以在很大程度上弥补这方面的不足。

  小编为大家整理的高中英语听力训练的四个阶段就到这里了,希望同学们认真阅读,祝大家学业有成。

  英语虚拟语气

  虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一项目是各类中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

  Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气

  ⒈ 用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件,是虚拟条件最普通的方式。

  ① 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形,例如:If I were in your position I would marry her.

  ② 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设,if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had+过去分词,主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词,例如:If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.

  ③ 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种,但并不排除存在条件和后果中,一个和现在情况相反,另一个和过去情况相反,例如:If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在出现频率颇高。

  ④ 但是,如果后果用了虚拟语气,而条件却用陈述语气,这种用法是错的。

  ⒉ 除了表示虚假条件外,if从句还可以表示对将来的推测,由于是将来还没有发生的,所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的,只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下,可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测,这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形,主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形,例如:Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.(1996年1月四级第44题)

  ⒊ 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去,而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前,即用倒装结构,这时候,如果出现not等否定词,否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用,但频频出现在各类考试中出现,例如:If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis.

  ⒋ 大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种表达,但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达,副词otherwise等表达出来。例如:We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.(1995年6月四级第46题)值得注意的是,包含but for的句子,谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式,但包含without等短语的句子,谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。

  ⒌ 有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来,而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里,于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句,例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里,如果主句没有用虚拟语气,或者从句用了虚拟语气,都是错的。

  Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气

  ⒈ 在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中,需用虚拟语气。(wish后的that 常省略),根据主句时态,从句谓语时态相应退后一位,例如:How she wished his family could go with him.

  ⒉ 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是,如果宾语从句的动词是否定的,否定词not的位置应在动词之前,而不是动词之后。例如:The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外,如suggest表达“暗示”,insist表示“坚持某种说法”时,后面的从句不用虚拟语气,例如:Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy.

  除此之外,上述动词也要求用虚拟式

  ① 在It is+上述动词的过去分词,其后所跟的主语从句中,如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms.

  ② 在上述动词相应的名词形式作主语+连系动词,其后的表语从句中,例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheduled.

  ③ 在对上述动词相应的名词进行解释的同位语从句中,如:The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation.

  ⒊ would (had)rather , would sooner也用来表达主观愿望,它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来,用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反,例如:I would rather he went right now.

  Ⅲ其他形式的虚拟语气

  ⒈ it is +necessary等形容词后,that主语从句中虚拟形式使用,这类形容词包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等,例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly.

  ⒉ 在It's (high/about) time 之后的定语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式,例如It is high time that you went to school

  ⒊ 虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用(谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同)表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑,谓语动词用过去式。例如:He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示过去中的动作或情况,谓语动词用过去完成式。

  ⒋ 在lest 引导的状语从句中,谓语动词多用虚拟语气,(should )+ 动词原形。例如: The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.(1998年1月四级第38题)

  ⒌ 在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。例如: Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.

  英语高中定语从句讲解篇二

  定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词。它是高中英语学习的重要语法项目之一,也是历年高考的热点。高考中一般通过改变句子的正常语序或借助于其它语法项目来体现的它的难度,现对定语从句的一些常见考点归纳和总结如下。

  一、疑问句中考查定语从句

  1. Is this the farm ________ you visited last week?

  A. where B. the one C. on which D. /

  解析:答案是D。命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句时,最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句,然后判断谁是先行词,再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分,最后确定正确答案。

  二、倒装句中考查定语从句

  2. We came to a place,________ stood a big tower.

  A. which B. that C. / D. where

  解析:正确答案是D。为了保持句子平衡,句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊,因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句,应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序,这样句子结构就比较清晰了。

  三、 拆分词组和固定搭配

  3. The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food.

  A. of which B. where C. to do D. that

  4. Why can’t you realize the part ________ they have played in our life?

  A. which B. on which C. when D. where

  解析:正确答案分别是D和A。一些词组和搭配被拆开后,句子的含义就变得难以理解。首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。上述句子中包含以下词组:make use of,play a part (in)。

  四、添加插入语或状语

  5. The scientist has made another discovery;_______ I believe is of great importance.

  A. that B. / C. which D. why

  解析:应选择C.这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有:I think (suppose, expect, believe, imagine),in my opinion,to tell you the truth等。做这类题目时,最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语,这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。

  五、插入非谓语动词

  6. Is this the man ________ you want to have ________

  the radio for me?

  A. who; repaired B. that; repaired

  C. whom; repairing D. that; repair

  解析:D项正确。非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一,因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。如:我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原,还原后的句子应是:You want to have the man repair the radio for me.

  [练习]:

  1. Was it in the shop ________ sold children’s clothing that you lost your wallet?

  A. / B. where C. that D. when

  2. Thank you for the difficulty ________ you have had painting the house.

  A. when B. / C. why D. where

  3. Is there anyone around the factory ________ knows how to operate the computer?

  A. who B. which C. where D. in which

  4. The managers discussed the plan ________ they would like to see ________ the next year.

  A. that; carried out

  B. who; carried out

  C. which; carry out

  D. that; carrying out

  5. She was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth ________ she had made ________ with lots of spots.

  A. which; cover

  B. that; covered

  C. /; covering

  D. where; covering

  6. Lincoln, ________ life was once hard, were elected President of American.

  A. for whom B. who C. to whom D. /

  Key: 1—6 CBAABA

【英语高中定语从句讲解】相关文章:

英语定语从句讲解高中07-13

高中定语从句的讲解07-06

定语从句讲解高中07-14

讲解高中定语从句07-12

高中定语从句讲解07-06

高中定语的从句讲解07-06

英语定语从句讲解07-06

定语从句英语讲解07-06

高中英语定语从句讲解07-06