四级英文的中文翻译与解析

　　四级翻译（10.26）

　　2008年11月9日，中国政府出台了进一步扩大内需、促进经济增长的十项措施，预计在未来两年时间内投资4万亿人民币。中国政府在例行的中央经济工作会议召开之前突然宣布该方案，既显示了中国政府抗击金融危机、防范经济增长下滑的信心，也反映了中国政府对国内经济增长前景的预期明显恶化。该方案刚一出台便引发世界范围内高度关注，并直接推动全球股市上涨。然而，由于中国政府并未在第一时间详细披露该方案实施细则，近日来围绕该方案的猜测与争议绵延不绝。

　　答案与解析:

　　On 9 November, 2008, Chinese government has put forth ten Measurements to further drive up domestic demands and promote economic growth.An investment of RMB 4 trillion is expected to be earmarked in the following two years.The government's unexpected announcement of this incentive package prior to the routine central government economic meeting asuggests not only the government's confidence in fighting against the global financial crisis and preventing the economic downturn,but also its prudence in estimating the domestic growth in economy.Right after its announcement,this package drew the eyes worldwide,and spurred the global stock markets.However,lasting doubts and disputes haver risen recently,as the government failed to disclose the relevant details at the first time.

　　然而，由于中国政府并未在第一时间详细披露该方案实施细则，近日来围绕该方案的猜测与争议绵延不绝。

　　本句主要考察对“并未在第一时间详细披露该方案实施细则”的处理。通常在翻译“并未”或者“没有做…”等否定词时，直接译为动词fail或者名词failure。文中的“围绕”转译称形容词relevant。

　　四级翻译（10.27）

　　截至2005年第三季度，全国劳动力市场供求状况显示，我国15岁至29岁的青年总体失业率达到了9％，远远高于4.5％的城镇平均登记失业率。而在此之中，选择主动失业的占到了一半以上。

　　“主动放弃就业机会的原因很多，但这些人都有一个共性，就是不会因为经济原因饿死。至少在短时间内。”复旦大学教授葛剑雄认为，社会发展到现在，一些青年人的确具备了可以失业的条件。他们不用像上班族那样刻板地工作，可是相比之下他们的生活却格外“富足”。

　　答案与解析:

　　Update to the third quarter of 2005,the supply and demand of the whole nation's labor force market indicated that the overall unemployment rate of our country's youth from the age of 15 to 29 was up to 9%,which was much higher than 4.5% of the average rural area register unemployment rate.Among this group,the number of people actively choosing to be unemployed was more than a half.

　　“There are many reasons to give up the chance of employment,but those people have a common feature that they do not starve for economic reasons at least in a short period.”The professor Ge Jianxiong of Fudan University thought that some young people indeed had the conditions to be unemployed as the society develops to nowadays.They do not need to work routinely like the office workers,but comparatively their life was extremely “well-off”.

　　“选择主动失业”翻译为:“choosing to be unemployed”。

　　四级翻译（10.23）

　　在中国，人们对一切艺术的艺术，即生活的艺术，懂得很多。一个较为年轻的文明国家可能会致力于进步；然而一个古老的文明国度，自然在人生的历程上见多识广，她所感兴趣的自然是如何过好生活。就中国而言，由于有了中国的人文主义精神，把人当作一切事物的中心，把人类幸福当做知识的终结，于是，强调生活的艺术就是更为自然的事情了。但即使没有人文主义，一个古老的文明也一定会有一个不同的价值尺度，只有这样，它才会知道什么是“持久的生活乐趣”。任何一个民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我们的眼里，这个民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。

　　答案与解析:

　　In China,people know a lot about the art of all arts,namely,the art of life.A comparatively young country will dedicate to the progress;however,an ancient civilized country is experienced and knowledgeable in the life road,and naturally she is interested in how to lead a good life.As to China,it is much more natural to emphasize the art of life because of the humanism spirit of China,taking people as the center of everything and making human being's happiness as the end of knowledge.Even if there is no humanism,an ancient civilization would also have its own value standard,and only in this way would it know what the “lasting life pleasure”is.Any nation,if it does not know how to enjoy life,must be barbaric and uncivilized in our eyes.

　　基本素质采分点。可译为humanism spirit。

　　任何一个民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我们的眼里，这个民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。

　　中文句子结构比较松散，在翻译成英文时我们要尽量使句子间有明显的逻辑结构。这里“如果…”引导的分句可以作为条件从句前置或内嵌在主句中，“任何一个民族”就可以做主句的主语。

　　四级翻译（10.22）

　　对于一名女子来说，传统美是她的'唯一标志。她的皮肤应该天生丽质，没有皱纹，没有疤痕，没有瑕疵。她的身材应该消瘦苗条，通常高挑个，双腿修长，其中青春年少则是首要条件。所有在电视广告中出现的“花容月貌”的靓女都符合这个标准。这种形象是认为的，是可以人工塑造的。许多妇女尽其所能来摆布和修改自己的容貌体态。

　　答案:

　　To a woman,the traditional beauty is her only mark.Her skin should be born smooth without wrinkles,scars or flaws.Her body should be slim and thin,and usually she is tall,having long legs.The youth is the primary condition.All of the beauties who have showed up in the TV commercials are fit for that criterion.This image is artificial and can be made by people.Many women do their best to decorate and modify their looks and figures.

　　她的皮肤应该天生丽质，没有皱纹，没有疤痕，没有瑕疵。

　　本句中的“皱纹”，“疤痕”，“瑕疵”应选择意思最接近的英语词汇，可以译为wrinkle,scar,flaw。

　　四级翻译（10.21）

　　中国公司想创造世界品牌，外国公司想增加在中国的销量，这些都正改变着中国的设计产业。中国制造商意识到，若他们想在本国市场脱颖而出，在外国市场崭露头角，就必须设计更好的产品。索尼这样的外国公司也开始明白，从前海外公司常把随便什么地方设计的产品拿到中国来卖，而现在，中国消费者变得更加挑剔，他们不再那样容易满足了。

　　答案与解析:

　　Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.

　　这里的“脱颖而出”和“崭露头角意思相近”，我们尽量选择不同的译法，两个词语可以分别译为“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。

　　四级翻译（10.20）

　　1936年竺可桢授命出任浙江大学校长。在此之前，他已经是一位声名卓著的自然科学家了。从1936年到1949年，竺可桢当了十三年大学校长。在连绵不断的战争、学运的夹缝中，在极为恶劣的环境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、历经五省、颠沛流离，居然将这所他接手时只有三个学院、十六个系的大学办成了拥有七个学院、二十七个学系全国最完整的两所大学之一。

　　答案与解析:

　　In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.

　　颠沛流离:drifted from place to place,这个词还有另外一层意思就是“无家可归，生活痛苦”，为了意思表达的全面，将“homeless and miserable”以分词形式作伴随状语译出，可以表达这是一种持续的状态。

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