孔子介绍及英文翻译

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孔子介绍及英文翻译

　　英语是一种西日耳曼语支，最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。下面是小编收集整理的孔子介绍及英文翻译，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。

孔子介绍及英文翻译

　　孔子

　　孔子，名丘，字仲尼。鲁国陬邑人。先世是宋国贵族，避难迁鲁。他出生时，家世已经没落。年轻时做过季孙氏的委吏和乘田等。三十多岁到齐国，几年没有得到齐君的重用，又回到鲁国，聚徒讲学。五十多岁时，由鲁国中都宰升任司寇。后又曾周游宋、卫、蔡、齐、楚等国。晚年在鲁国编订古代文化典籍《诗》《尚书》《春秋》等，教授门徒。孔子的弟子曾将他的谈话和他与门徒的问答，辑成《论语》一书，这是研究孔子思想的主要资料。

　　Confucius

　　One of the most famous people in ancient China was a wisephilosopher named Confucius. Hesometimes went bythe names Kong Zi though he was born - Kong Qiu - styled Zhong Ni. He wasborn in the village of Zou in the country of Lu.

　　This Chinese man was a well-known leader in philosophy and he also made many wise phrases and theories about the law, life, and the government. Confucius is famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China that helped many people learn about nature,the world, and the human behavior. He also helped the government and the emperor by teachingthem lessons on how the emperor should rule his kingdom successfully.

　　Confucius was born in a poor family in the year 551 B.C., and he was born in the state of Lu. Hisoriginal namewas Kung Chiu. His father, commander of a district in Lu, died three years after Confucius was born, leaving the family in poverty; but Confucius nevertheless received afine education. He was married at the age of 19 and had one son and two daughters.

　　故事一：韦编三绝

　　孔子晚年喜欢研读《易经》，那时候的书是用竹简制成，用牛皮绳编连起来。孔子反复翻阅，以至于把牛皮绳都磨断了多次。他这种勤奋钻研的精神令人钦佩。

　　英文翻译：Confucius in his later years was fond of studying "The Book of Changes". At that time, books were made of bamboo slips and bound together with oxhide ropes. Confucius read it over and over again, so much so that the oxhide ropes were worn out and broken several times. His spirit of diligent study is truly admirable.

　　故事二：因材施教

　　孔子有众多弟子，每个弟子的性格、才能各不相同。子路勇敢鲁莽，冉有谨慎胆小。有一次，子路问孔子：“听到了就去做吗？” 孔子回答：“有父兄在，怎么能听到就去做呢？” 而当冉有问同样问题时，孔子却回答：“听到了就去做。” 公西华对此感到疑惑，孔子解释说：“子路好胜，要抑制他；冉有退缩，要鼓励他。” 这就是孔子因材施教的体现。

　　英文翻译：Confucius had numerous disciples, each with different personalities and talents. Zilu was brave and reckless, while Ran You was cautious and timid. Once, Zilu asked Confucius, "Should I act as soon as I hear of something?" Confucius replied, "With your father and elder brothers still alive, how can you act as soon as you hear?" However, when Ran You asked the same question, Confucius answered, "Act as soon as you hear." Gong Xihua was puzzled by this, and Confucius explained, "Zilu is competitive, so he needs to be restrained; Ran You is hesitant, so he needs to be encouraged." This is an example of Confucius teaching according to students aptitudes.

　　故事三：孔子学琴

　　孔子向师襄子学习弹琴，学了十天仍止步不进。师襄子说：“可以增加学习内容了。” 孔子说：“我已经熟悉乐曲的形式，但还没有掌握方法。” 过了一段时间，师襄子说：“你已经掌握方法了，可以增加学习内容了。” 孔子说：“我还没有领会曲子的意境。” 又过了一段时间，师襄子说：“你已经领会曲子的意境了，可以增加学习内容了。” 孔子说：“我还不了解作者。” 又过了很久，孔子仿佛看到一个人，身材高大，目光深远，若有所思，有王者风范。孔子说：“我知道作者是谁了，他就是周文王。” 师襄子闻言，立刻起身行礼，说：“这首曲子正是《文王操》。” 孔子这种精益求精、深入探究的学习态度值得我们学习。

　　英文翻译：Confucius learned to play the qin from Shi Xiangzi. After ten days of learning, he still did not progress. Shi Xiangzi said, "You can add more content to your learning." Confucius said, "I have already familiarized myself with the form of the music, but I havent mastered the method yet." After a while, Shi Xiangzi said, "You have already mastered the method. You can add more content." Confucius said, "I havent grasped the artistic conception of the piece yet." After another period of time, Shi Xiangzi said, "You have grasped the artistic conception of the piece. You can add more content." Confucius said, "I still dont know the composer." After a long time, Confucius seemed to see a person, tall, with far - reaching eyes, pensive, and having the demeanor of a king. Confucius said, "I know who the composer is. Its King Wen of Zhou." When Shi Xiangzi heard this, he immediately stood up and saluted, saying, "This piece is exactly The Melody of King Wen." Confucius learning attitude of constantly striving for perfection and in - depth exploration is worthy of our learning.

　　故事四：苛政猛于虎

　　孔子路过泰山旁边，见到一个妇女在坟墓前哭得很伤心。孔子让子路去询问。妇女说：“我的公公被老虎咬死了，我的丈夫也被老虎咬死了，现在我的儿子又被老虎咬死了。” 孔子问：“那为什么不离开这里呢？” 妇女回答说：“这里没有苛政。” 孔子对弟子们说：“你们记住，苛政比老虎还要凶猛可怕。” 这个故事反映了孔子对当时社会现实的批判和对百姓疾苦的同情。

　　英文翻译：Confucius passed by the side of Mount Tai and saw a woman crying bitterly in front of a grave. Confucius asked Zilu to inquire. The woman said, "My father - in - law was killed by a tiger, my husband was also killed by a tiger, and now my son has been killed by a tiger." Confucius asked, "Then why dont you leave here?" The woman replied, "There is no harsh government here." Confucius said to his disciples, "Remember, harsh government is more ferocious and terrifying than a tiger." This story reflects Confucius criticism of the social reality at that time and his sympathy for the sufferings of the common people.

　　故事五：孔子与弟子谈志向

　　有一次，孔子和他的弟子们坐在一起聊天。孔子让大家谈谈各自的志向。子路率先站起来说：“我愿意把自己的车马、衣服拿出来与朋友共享，用坏了也不抱怨。” 冉有接着说：“我希望能治理一个方圆六七十里或五六十里的小国家，使百姓富足。” 公西华说：“我不敢说能做到什么，只是愿意学习，在宗庙祭祀或诸侯会盟时，做一个小相。” 最后，曾皙说：“我希望在暮春时节，穿着春天的衣服，和五六个成年人、六七个小孩，到沂水里洗洗澡，在舞雩台上吹吹风，然后一路唱着歌回家。” 孔子听后，长叹一声说：“我赞同曾皙的想法啊！” 这个故事展现了孔子和弟子们丰富的内心世界以及孔子对自由、和谐生活的向往。

　　英文翻译：Once, Confucius was sitting and chatting with his disciples. Confucius asked everyone to talk about their aspirations. Zilu stood up first and said, "I am willing to share my chariots, horses, and clothes with my friends. Even if they are worn out, I wont complain." Ran You then said, "I hope to govern a small state with a radius of sixty or seventy li, or fifty or sixty li, and make the people prosperous." Gong Xihua said, "I dont dare to say what I can do. I just want to learn and be a small assistant in ancestral temple sacrifices or meetings of feudal lords." Finally, Zeng Xi said, "I hope in late spring, wearing spring clothes, with five or six adults and six or seven children, we can take a bath in the Yi River, enjoy the breeze on the Wuyu Terrace, and then sing all the way back home." After hearing this, Confucius sighed and said, "I approve of Zeng Xis idea!" This story shows the rich inner worlds of Confucius and his disciples and Confucius yearning for a free and harmonious life.

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