英语四级阅读理解七大答题技巧

　　在大学英语四级阅读理解部分答题过程中，考生可以掌握七大答题技巧来助考。为此百分网小编为大家介绍大学英语四级考试的阅读理解的七大答题技巧。

四级阅读

　　大学英语四级阅读理解答题技巧

　　答题技巧一：详略得当

　　对于大学英语四级阅读来说，根据题目的“题眼”快速在文章中找到答案是最关键的，这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当。克服精读精益求精的习惯，做到有信息处精读，无信息处略读，略读处一扫而过。

　　题目中数字、人名等信息(题眼)在原文中对应的部分必须详读。而对所要解释或证明的观点的细节举例处或者通常有数个名词的并列项，它们不是完整的主谓宾的句子，因此无法与问题对应的详细列举处，都可以略读。

　　答题技巧二：显性信息

　　查读的信息通常是显性信息，只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案，一般不需要做推理。

　　特别提示：考生对于以下一些显性信息也应注意

　　(1) 表示因果关系的词或词组：because， reason， due to， since， so that， therefore等

　　(2) 表示目的关系的词或词组：in order to， so as to， by等

　　(3) 表示转折关系的词或词组：but， however， yet等

　　(4) 表示对比关系的词或词组：contrary to， unlike， like等

　　答题技巧三：题文同序

　　英语四级考试的阅读部分，问题顺序与原文顺序一致(有时顺序不一致)，这就要求考生应该按照题目的顺序依次做题。

　　答题技巧四：分解对应

　　分解对应四分法：快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B宾C+其他D)，与原文进行对比。

　　答题技巧五：选小不选大

　　四级阅读中，问题的范围必须小于原文范围，反之则不选。

　　不能选的选项为：

　　(1) 选项的信息与原文内容相反

　　(2) 选项将原文的意思张冠李戴

　　(3) 将原文中的不确定因素转化为确定因素

　　(4) 改变原文中的条件、范围等

　　答题技巧六：主宾判定

　　四级阅读中，将题干的句子进行简单分解后，问题中的主语、宾语在原文未出现或被偷换概念，则不选。

　　不选的选项：

　　(1) 选项表述无中生有

　　(2) 原文中作者的目的、意图、愿望等内容在选项作为客观事实陈述

　　(3) 将原文中的特殊情况推广为普遍现象

　　(4) 将原文的内容具体化

　　(5) 随意比较原文中的两个事物

　　答题技巧七：相关信息准确合并

　　考生遇到问题时，不能只局限在某一段里面找答案，可以先做后面的题目，在后面的阅读中发现还有该题的答案时，将相关信息合并后再确定答案。

　　英语四级阅读理解题的答题小技巧：细节题

　　(1)、细节题表现形式

　　这类题在四级考试中题量较大，占到60%——70%的题量，可以说是四级考试成败的关键这类题特点是题干的信息比较具体，考查文章中的重要细节。如2005年1月份考题：“Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to”。

　　本题通过“free play”，“some Japanese kindergartens”反映了原文考查对象，题干内容比较具体，属于细节分析。又如2005年6月份出现的题目：“What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves? ”本题handball player 是中心话题，when引导状语从句，这两部分明确指定了考查的细节内容，在原文中找答案十分方便。

　　(2)、细节题解题方法

　　细节题考查信息查找能力和句子的理解能力。由于考试时间非常紧张，对于考生来说，做好细节题，首先是要在原文找到相关信息。正是由于这点，我们看文章需要目的。有同学先看文章再做题，导致做题时还得回去在文章中寻找相关内容，或者干脆凭着对文章的主观印象匆忙求解，结果是浪费时间或者错误较多。建议考生先看题干再看文章，这样就会有方向感，目的感。所以，细节题的重要做题方法就是：先看题干，再看原文，带着题干个别的特有信息或者带着题干的中心话题在原文定位。如“What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves? ”就可以结合handball player这个中心话题在原文找答案。

　　四级细节题干有时会有比较明显的信息，如时间数字，专有名词，中心名词。如2005年1月考题：What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center’s study?题干中Boston University Medical Center这个专有名词可以让考生迅速找到考到的原文内容。如果用题干信息在原文找答案没有结果，可以根据题目的先后顺序来确定大概范围(除个别例外，四级细节题大体上还是按照出题的先后顺序找答案的)。以2001年1月份考题为例说明：

　　24.Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?

　　25.When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner____.

　　做24题过程中，考生可以通过performing tricks 比较容易在原文倒数第二段最后一句话定位找答案;这时，可以大胆预测，25题考最后一段内容。

　　(3)、细节题注意点

　　考生做细节题时，要注意合理但不正确的选项。很多考生在做题时，忽视了题目与原文的联系，凭着合理性的主观猜想选择答案。结果很多考生感觉做得很好，但对答案时发现错了很多。另外，很多表示程度、范围、频率等的副词或形容词可能会导致选项错误，如2002年1月考题出现一个干扰选项是“keep in constant touch with the computer center”,其中的constant就是选项错误的关键。所以，细节题要求考生非常细心。

　　英语四级阅读理解题型

　　TV Linked to Lower Marks

　　A) The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, retard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Ado-lescent Medicine.

　　B) In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child's bedroom can have on third graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relation to 　　academic achievementon mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said study author Dina L.G. Borzekowski, an as-sistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

　　C) Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, collected data on386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watched, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and where they were. They also collected data on how much time the children spent using the different media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers found that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound effect on learning. "We found that the household media environment has a very close association with performance on the different test scores," Borzekowski said.

　　D) "A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is eight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesn't have a TV in the bedroom," she noted. These children also scored lower on the reading and language arts tests. However, children who have ac-cess to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who don't have access to a home computer, Borzekowski noted.

　　E) The reasons why TV has this negative effect are not clear, Borzekowski said. "When there's TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched," Borzekowski said. "They are also unable to know how early or how late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids' performance on academic tests." Borzekowski believes that content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect. "If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the content of what children are watching," she said. "Parents can choose to sit alongside and watch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, positive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the child's bedroom, or remove it if it's already there."

　　F) In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Ot ago in Dunedin, New Zealand, and colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social background, if you watch a lot of TV during childhood, you are a lot less likely to have a college degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. The researchers found that those who watched the most television during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26."We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school without any qualifications," Hancox said in a prepared statement. "Those who watched little television had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree."

　　G) Hancox's team found that watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. "An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was strongly linked to leaving school without any qualifications, it was earlier childhood viewing that had the greatest impact on getting a degree," he said. "This suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance."

　　H) In the third paper, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from the University of Washington report that, for very young children, watching TV can result in lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. "We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5," Zimmerman said. "We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years, there was co nsider able beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV."

　　I) For children aged 3 to 5, the effect was not as clear, Zimmerman said. "There were some beneficial effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary," he noted. "The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TV before age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids." Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV for children under 2, Zimmerman said. "Personally, I feel the cutoff should be children under 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3."

　　J) One expert believes that TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching. "Content matters," said Deborah L. Line barger, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who co-authored an accompanying editorial. "Educational content has been found to be related to performance on school readiness tests, higher grades when they are teen-agers, whereas, non-educational content tends to be associated with lower academic performance."

　　K) Another expert agrees. "TV watching takes up space that could be used by more useful things," said Dr. Christopher P. Lucas, a clinical coordinator at the Early Childhood Evaluation and Treatment Program at the New York University Child Study Center. "TV is not necessarily toxic, but is some-thing that has to be done in moderation; something that balances the other needs of the child for healthy development."

　　L) Lucas puts the responsibility for how much TV kids watch and what they watch squarely on parents. "The amount of TV watching certainly has a link with the reduced amount of time reading or doing homework," he said. "The key is the amount of control parents have in limiting the amount of access. Get the TV out of the bedroom; be aware of what is being watched; limit the amount of TV watching."

　　46. According to Borzekowski, children having chances to use a family computer are likely to acquire better results on the different tests.

　　47. The reports issued in the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescents Medicine find that watching too much TV leads to poor performance in school.

　　48. Watching more than three hours of TV before age 3 has bad effect on kids.

　　49. According to the second report, the chance for one to acquire a college degree depends on the amount of his TV watching during childhood.

　　50. In Deborah L. Lingbarger's opinion, educational content is helpful for teenagers to get better results on school readiness tests.

　　51. The environment of family media greatly affects children's test scores according to the first report.

　　52. Borzekowski believes that TV's negative effect on children's marks may mainly lie in what children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it.

　　53. Lucas thinks parents should take the responsibility to supervise kids' TV watching.

　　54. According to the recommendation from American Academy of Pediatrics, children under 2 should watch no TV.

　　55. Hancox thinks earlier childhood TV watching affects one's acquiring a college degree most.46.According to Borzekowski，children having chances to use a family computer are likely to acquire better re-suits on the different tests.Borzekowski发现能接触使用家用电脑的孩子各项测试成绩一般更好。

　　【解析】 D)。细节题。根据句中chancestouse afamily computer可将答案定位于D)段最后一句话。可是Borzekowski又说，可以使用家庭电脑的孩子比家中没有电脑的孩子更有可能在这些科目的测试中取得更高的分数.

　　47.The reports issued in the Archives of Pediatrics&Adolescents Medicine find that watching too much TV leads to poor perform ancein sch001.《儿科和青春期医学档案》杂志研究发现看电视时间太长会导致学习成绩差。

　　【解析】 A)。细节题。根据句中the Archives of Pediatrics& Adolescents Medicine可将答案定位于Al段后两句。目前，有三项新的研究发现，看电视时间太长会导致学习成绩下降，妨碍学习进步，甚至影响在大学的成绩。这三项研究报告刊载在7月份的《儿科和青春期医学档案》杂志上。

　　48.Watching more than three hours of TV before age 3 has bad effect on kids.三岁前每天看电视三个小时以上会对孩子产生不好的影响。

　　【解析】I)。细节题。根据句中more than three hours of TV before age 3可将答案定位于I)段第三四句话。最糟糕的便是在3岁之前每天看3个小时以上的电视。与其他孩子相比，他们会有较大的劣势。

　　49.According to the second report，the chance for one to acquire a college degree depends on the amount of his TV watching during childhood. 第二则报告显示：一个人能否获取大学学位取决于他少年期看电视的.时间。

　　【解析】F)。归纳题。根据句中the chance for one to acquire a college degree可将答案定位于F)段。F段整段的中心意思就是少年期看电视越多越不容易获得大学学位，反之亦然。

　　50.In Deborah L.Lingbarger’s opinion，educational content is helpful for teenagers to get better results on school readiness tests.Deborah L.Ling barger认为(电视上的)教育性内容可以帮助青少年在入学预备考试中取得更好的成绩。

　　【解析】 J)。细节题。根据句中educational content可将答案定位于J)段末句。内容很重要。教育性的内容与入学预备考试的成绩有关，有助于青少年取得更好的成绩，而非教育性的内容则往往导致学习成绩下降。

　　51. environment of family media greatly affects children’s test Scorcs according to the first report. 第一则报告发现，家庭媒体环境极大地影响孩子的测试成绩。

　　【解析】C)。细节题。根据句中environment of family media可将答案定位于C)段末句。我们发现家庭媒体环境与孩子不同的测验分数的表现有密切的关系。

　　52.Borzekowski believes that TV’s negative effect on children’s marks may mainly lie in what children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it.

　　Borzekowski认为电视给孩子的成绩带来负面影响，原因主要在于其收看内容和时长。

　　【解析】E)。细节题。根据句中TV’s negative effect可将答案定位于E)段，此段整段都在探讨电视负面效应的原因。其中一句尤为点题：Borzekowskibelieves that content and the lime the"IV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect.Borzekowski认为电视内容和观看的时间可能是导致电视机的负面影响的主要原因。What children watch on TV and how much time they spend on it是.content and the time的同类表述。

　　53?Lucas thinks parents should take the responsibility to supervise kids’TV watchin.　Lucas认为父母有责任监督孩子看电视。

　　【解析】 L)。细节题。根据句中parents should take the responsibility可将答案定位于L)段首句。Lucas认为孩予看电视的时间和内容应该完全由父母负责监督。

　　54.According to　the recommendation　from　American　Academy　of　Peadialrics，children under　2 should　watch TV.

　　美国小儿科协会建议不要让两岁以下孩子看电视。

　　【解析】 I)。细节题。根据句中Amcerican Academy of Peadiatrics和under2可将答案定位于I)段倒数第二句。Zimmerman表示家长应该听从美国小儿科学会的建议，不要让2岁以下的孩子看电视。

　　55.Hancox thinks earlier childhood TV watching affects one’s acquiring a college degree most.

　　Hancox认为儿童早期看电视最影响一个人能否获取大学学位。

　　【解析】 G)。细节题。根据句中earlier childhood和college degree可将答案定位于G)段第二句。一项有趣的发现是，虽然少年时期看电视很可能会导致没有毕业就离开学校，但是对能否取得学位影响最大的却是童年时期看电视。

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