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职称英语词汇记忆方法

时间:2017-05-10 16:31:31 职称英语 我要投稿

职称英语词汇记忆方法

  对于职称英语考试来说,词汇的积累也是非常重要的,那么怎样才能快速有效的积累词汇呢?下面就和小编一起来看看详细内容吧!

  一、结合记忆法

  将比较生疏,不常用的单词放入一定的语言环境——句子中,结合句意来记忆单词。遇到此单词时,若词义忘记,则可通过回忆所在句子的'意思来记忆单词。例如:

  slope

  n. ①倾斜;坡度;斜度

  there is always a certain slope in a ship’s deck. 船的甲板总有几分倾斜。

  ②斜面;斜坡

  we climbed the steep slope of the hill. 我们爬了那座陡峭的斜坡。

  vi. 倾斜。

  the railroad slopes up slightly at this point. 铁路在此处有轻微的倾斜。

  critical

  adj. ①批评(性)的,吹毛求疵的

  i don’t like people who are too critical about everything. 我不喜欢对每件事都太吹毛求疵的人。

  ②紧要的,关键的;危急的

  his condition is reported as being very critical. 据报告他的情况非常危急。

  通过此法来掌握词汇,既有助于记住单词本身的拼写、拼读,又可同时熟悉词的词义、词性、用法和搭配,比孤立地背记单词效果要好。

  二、同类记忆法

  将同类词汇收集在一起,同时背记。注意,同类词汇与同义词不同:同义词是指意思相同,而同类词是指基本属性相同、具体意义的层次,级别或范围不同的一类词汇。

  如headmaster和principal是同义词,都表示,“中小学校长”;president和chancellor是同义词,都表示大专院校“校长”。这两组词是同类词汇,都表示“校长”,但具体级别不同,所以两组词不是同义词。

  再如bachelor(学士)、master(硕士),doctor (博士)三个词都表示学位授予的情况,但具体级别不同,所以这三个词也是一组同类词汇。

  这样,将同类词汇放在一起记忆,当遇到其中一个词时,头脑中出现的就是一组词,效率大大提高了。

  三、比较记忆法

  把同义词或形似词放在一起,加以区别。记忆的过程是一组组,一对对单词同时记忆。职称英语中有很大一部分都是对同义词或近义词的考察,需要平时进行记忆和积累。

  例题1:the researchers have just completed a study of driving situations.(2004年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. started

  b. finished

  c. changed

  d. made

  答案:b

  例题2:michael is now merely a good friend.(2004年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. largely

  b. possibly

  c. just

  d. rarely

  答案:c

  merely/ only/ just

  四、构词法记忆法

  通过掌握构词法来记忆单词。英语主要有三种构词法:

  1)转化,即由一个词类转化为另一个词类。例如:

  picture (n)画-picture (v)描绘

  water (n)水-water (v)浇水

  例题1: he has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct. (2003年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. behavior

  b. style

  c. mode

  d. attitude

  答案:a

  解释:

  conduct (v.)引导,管理,为人,传导

  conduct (n.)操守,行为

  conductor (n.)列车员,售票员,指挥者,导体等

  semi-conductor 半导体

  例题2:the ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.(2004年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. suffer

  b. accept

  c. receive

  d. endure

  答案:d

  解释:

  bear (n.)熊

  bear (v.)负担, 忍受, 带给, 具有, 挤

  2)派生,即通过加前缀或后缀构成另一个词,例如:

  happy→ unhappy(加前缀) happiness(加后缀)

  例题1: the workers in that factory manufacture furniture. (2003年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. promote

  b. paint

  c. polish

  d. produce

  答案:d

  例题2: even in a highly modernized country, manual work is a still needed. (2003年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. mental

  b. physical

  c. natural

  d. hard

  答案:b

  man-, manu- =hand

  manage(管理), manual(体力的,手册), manuscript(手写稿), manufacture(生产), manumit(释放)

  例题3:about one million americans are diagnosed,annually with skin cancer. (2004年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. every year

  b. severely

  c. actively

  d. every month

  答案:a

  ann= year

  anniversaire (french)

  anniversary, annals(编年史), annuity(年金)

  3)合成,即由两个或更多的词合成一个词。例如:

  wood(木) cut(刻)→ woodcut(木刻)

  pea(豌豆) nuts(坚果)→ peanut(花生)

  例题1: in the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. (2003年职称英语卫生类c级)

  a. judgement

  b. result

  c. decision

  d. event

  答案:b

  五、根义记忆法

  利用根义代替记忆多义,可以解决“没有生词”却老读不懂的问题。

  比如要问immediate(ly)是否已记住,回答当然是肯定的。那么就请看下面三个“没有生词”的片段:

  a) the woman walks immediately behind the car.

  b) she is my immediate neighbor.

  c) the immediate cause

  若没有读懂,那么就请看immediate(ly)根义

  中间没有间隔(地)

  1)(时间)立刻;

  2)(空间)紧挨,通接,紧跟,

  3)(关系)直接

  例题1:he will leave immediately.

  a. far away

  b. right away

  c. right here

  d. soon

  答案:b

  例题2:can you follow the plot?

  a. change

  b. investigate

  c. understand

  d. write

  答案:c

  请看下面几句中的follow 分别都是什么意思?

  she went into the building, followed by a group of students.

  the teacher says that everybody should follow the rule here.

  i’m sorry, but i can’t follow you.

  六、几组对容易混淆词进行特别记忆

  (1)有些字可当形容词又可当副词,例如: early; past; half; long; straight; fast; hard; quick; deep; slow; pretty; awful; wrong; right; high; late; hourly; early; weekly; etc.

  we had an early breakfast. (形容词)

  we went by a fast train. (形容词)

  we had breakfast early. (副词)

  don’t speak so fast.(副词)

  (2)有些形容词变为副词, 可在字尾加ly, 也可以不加, 不过在字义上不同。

  (a) easy “安适地”; easily “容易地”:

  stand easy!

  he’s not easily satisfied.

  (b) clear ( = completely “完全地”; clearly“显然地”;)

  the bullet went clear through the door.

  the thieves got clearly away.

  (c) high “高”; highly “很;非常”;

  the birds are flying high.

  he was highly praised for his work.

  (d) slow 和 slowly当副词时同义, 但 slow比 slowly语气强.

  i told the driver to go slow(er).

  drive slowly round these bends in the road.

  (e) hard “辛苦地”; hardly “几乎不”;

  he works hard. (= he is a hard worker.)

  he hardly does anything nowadays. (= he does very little nowadays.)

  (f) just “刚才;仅”; justly “公正地”;

  i’ve just seen him.

  he was justly punished.

  (g) late “迟”; lately (= recently)“最近地”;

  he went to bed late.

  i haven’t seen mr. green lately.

  (h) pretty (= fairly, moderately)“十分,颇”; prettily (= in a pretty way, attractively)“漂亮地”;

  the situation seems pretty hopeless.

  she was prettily dressed.转

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