2016年职称英语理工类B级预测题（含答案）
第二篇
U.S. Blacks Hard-hit by Cancer
Death rates from cancer tare falling for allAmericans, but black Americans are still more likely to died of cancer thanwhites, the American Cancer Society said Monday.
In a special report on cancer and blacks, theorganization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites,and they are more likely to die of the disease.
This could be because of unequal access tomedical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases likediabetes as well, and perhaps because of differences in the biology of thecancer itself, the report added.
“In general, African Americans have lesslikelihood of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancersites and all stages of diagnosis,” the report said.
“In describing cancer statistics for AfricanAmericans, this report recognizes that socioeconomic disparities and unequalaccess to medical care may underlie many of the differences associated withrace,” the cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-upsearlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more research was needed tosee if biological differences play a role.
“The new statistics emphasize the continuingimportance of eliminating these social disparities through public policy andeducation efforts,” the organization said in a statement.
But it also noted a drop in cancer deathrates.
“Cancer death rates in both sexes for allsites combined have declined substantially among African Americans since 1992,as have incidence rates,” says the report.
“Increased efforts to improve economicconditions in combination with education about the relationship of lifestylechoices to cancer could further reduce the burden of cancer among AfricanAmericans.”
About 36 million Americans describe themselvesas black, representing about 12 percent of the population.
36 Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than __________.
A white people all over the world
B white people in America
C all other Americans
D their ancestors
37 All the following are probably related to higher cancer death ratesamong black Americans EXCEPT __________.
A access to medical care.
B lifestyle choices.
C economic conditions. Percentage of the population.
D percentage of the population.
38 Cancer is more treatable if it is detected __________.
A in an early stage
B together with other diseases
C during checkups
D in elderly people
39 Amore research is needed to see if there is a link betweenbiological differences and __________.
A cancer sites
B stages of diagnosis
C cancer death rates
D socioeconomic disparities
40 Since 1992, cancer incidence rates among black Americans __________.
A have been going up and down
B have remained stable
C have increased
D have fallen
第三篇
Cousteau Remembered
Jacques-Ives Cousteau died in Paris on 26 June, 1997 at the age of 87. Hisinfluence is great. Scientists respected his creative engineering; engineerspraised his science. Cousteau, who claimed to be neither scientist norengineer, contributed significantly to both disciplines—and to many more.
Throughout his adventure-filled life, Cousteauchallenged definitions. Yes, he was a captain in the French Navy, and early on,a filmmaker and natural storyteller. Later, he became a famous ocean explorer,designer of underwater equipment, expedition leader, author, speaker,businessman, environmentalist, teacher and leader of an influential organization(the Cousteau Society).
All who care about the sea—and even those who don't think much about the ocean one way oranother—owe Cousteau a tremendous debt. The knowledgegained as a consequence of his direct contributions, and the strong impact hehad on others, have transformed the way the world thinks about the sea. Hisstories of encounters with sharks and other fish inspired many to go seethemselves. Cousteau pioneered ventures in underwater living in the 1960's: sub-sealabs where scientists submerged for days or weeks-theunderwater labs similar to Skylab or the space station. His films andtelevision programmes won two Academy Rewards, three Emnies, and the hearts andminds of viewers worldwide for decades.
Showered with honours, Cousteau remarkedrecently that he thought his most important accomplishment was to make peopleaware of-and care about-the ocean: Thanks to him, we grew concerned about our growingpopulation and the consequences of over fishing and ocean pollution that threatenthe health of the sea, and we were inspired to do something to improve the waythings are done.
We shared the sad feeling with Cousteau whenSimone, his wife and partner for many years, died and when his son Phillippewas killed in a plane crash. We shared his joy when Jean-Michel, his eldestson, became an explorer and a spokesman for the sea in his own right. We werehappy for Cousteau when he began a new family with his second wife, Fracine.And now that his voice of the ocean is silenced, we feel very sad.
41 According to the passage, Cousteau's influence is great because he__________.
A was both a scientist and an engineer
B invented Skylab
C made contributions to science and engineering
D was a captain in the French Navy
42 From the second paragraph, we know that __________.
A Cousteau did not like any scientific definitions
B Cousteau wrote many adventure-filled stories
C Cousteau's main job was protecting environment
D Cousteau's contributions were not limited to science and engineering
43 Of all the careers he followed, his main concern was concentrated on_________.
A building the sub-water labs
B ocean and ocean pollution
C making films and television programmes
D writing encounters with sea animals, such as sharks
44 What debt do we owe Cousteau according to Paragraphs 3 and 4?__________
A His work has made us realize we should improve the way things aredone.
B His contributions have pushed science toward a higher stage ofdevelopment.
C His invention of sub-sea labs has made ocean exploration easier.
D His adventures have made people go and see the sea.
45 Which of the following statement about Cousteau's family life is NOTtrue? _________
A His second wife died some time ago.
B His son Philippe was killed in a plane crash.
C His first wife died before Cousteau.
D His elder son became the spokesman for the sea.
第五部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
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How to Jump Queue Fury
If you find yourself waiting in a long queueat an airport or bus terminus this holiday, will you try to analyze what it isabout queuing that makes you angry? Or will you just get angry with the nearestofficial?
Professor Richard Larson, an electricalengineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, hates queuing but ratherthan tear his hair out, he decided to study the subject. 46. He cites anexperiment at Houstonairport where passengers had to walk for one minute from the plane to thebaggage reclaim and then wait a further seven minutes to collect their luggage.Complaints were frequent, especially from those who had spent seven minutes watchingpassengers with just hand baggage get out immediately.
The airport authorities decided to lengthenthe walk from the aircraft, so that instead of a one-minute fast walk, thepassengers spent six minutes walking 47 The extra walk extended thedelay by five minutes for those carrying only hand baggage, but passenger complaintsdropped almost to zero.
The reason? Larson suggests that it all has todo with what he calls “social justice”. If people see others taking a shortcut, they will find the wait unbearable. 48
Another aspect Larson studied was theobservation that people get more fed up if they are not told what is going on. 49
But even knowing how long we have to waitisn't the whole answer. We must also believe that everything is being done tominimize our delay. Larson cites the example of two neighboring American banks.One was highly computerized and served a customer, on average, every 30 seconds.50.But because the tellers at the second bank looked extremely busy, customersbelieved the service was faster and many transferred their accounts to theslower bank. Ultimately, the latter had to introduce time-wasting ways ofappearing more dynamic.
A So in the case of the airport, it was preferable to delay everyone.
B The other bank was less automated and took twice as long.
C When they finally arrived at the baggage reclaim, the delay was thenonly two minutes.
D His first finding, which backs up earlier work at the US NationalScience Foundation, was that the degree of annoyance was not directly relatedto the time.
E It's unbearable for the airport to delay everyone.
F Passengers told that there will be a half-hour delay are lessunhappy than those left waiting even twenty minutes without an explanation.