2018年考研英语阅读细节题解题方法
英语阅读是整个考研英语复习的重中之重，而在所有阅读题目当中，对细节信息提问的题目约占到60%， 是阅读六大题型中考查最多的，因此要想阅读拿高分，掌握细节题的做题方法尤其重要。
通常细节题主要可分为以下类型：观点型细节，原因型细节，事实型细节，which型细节。比如观点型题干Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.原因型题干Physical dependence on certain substances results from ________. 事实型题干We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.这几种细节正是考研真题阅读中出题人经常出题考查的重点细节。
那么细节题该如何去做呢?我们以2006年的一道真题为例剖析一下细节题的解题过程。这是一道观点细节题：Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.
34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.
[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time
[B] fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass
[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level
[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changing situation
首先根据依据题干定位词确定其是一道观点细节题，问Dr. Myers and other researchers的观点。然后返回原文定位人物观点的出处，在段落第一句Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, 定位句的核心词讲到a correct baseline一个正确的基准线，which定语从句补充其特点是未来需要考虑。最后我们去排除选项，和定位句内容一致的是A和D都讲到了基准线，但是A所说的时间特点是能够使用更长时间，和原文的时间特点并不一致。D选项所说的.特点是调整变化，和定位句的下句内容一致，shifting baseline正是在说基准线需要转换变化。所以正确答案为D选项。而另外两个选项B和C的出处并非题干所要求的定位句的内容，所以可以确定是答非所问。
总之，考研英语阅读出题是有自身独特的规律的，所以做题也需要掌握正确的方法套路，这样便可以少走很多弯路。总得来说对于细节而言，大家一定要记住做题首先要定位，然后在观察哪个选项和定位句存在同义替换关系，继而就能够选出正确选项，排除错误选项。
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