高考英语阅读:主旨大意题的解题技巧
The text is mainly about ______.
A. fatness and health B. ways to lose weigh
C. people's figures D. distribution of fat
【分析】该文的第一段交代了脂肪在体内的分布状况;第二段交代了脂肪的种类及不同种类的脂肪与健康之间的关系;第三段讲的是减肥应该减掉哪一类脂肪以及节食存在的问题。很明显，第二段，特别是第二段的第二句，起着承上启下的作用，是该文的主题句。A选项符合主题句的意思，应该是正确答案;B选项与文章的意思无关;可以排除;C、D选项分别只与文章的部分信息有关，也可以排除。
3. 主题句在文末
这种写法的特点是：在叙述完某件事情或某个话题之后，用一句话交代事情的结果或对前面的叙述进行归纳。如：(广东高考题)
In 1901, H.G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a bookdescribing a trip to the moon. When the explorers(探险者) landed on the moon, they discovered thatthe moon was full of underground cities. Theyexpressed their surprise to the "moon people" theymet. In turn, the "moon people"expressed theirsurprise. "Why," they asked, "are you traveling toouter space when you don't even use your inner space?"
H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on themoon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. How ever, thequestion that the "moon people" asked is still an interesting one. A growing number ofscientists are seriously thinking about it.
Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In somecities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The'Chunnel", a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.
But what about underground cities? Japan's Taisei Corporation is designing a network ofunderground system, called "Alice Cities." The designers imagine using surface space for publicparks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome(太阳能穹顶) would cover the whole city.
Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is agood way to use the earth's space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks,gardens, and wilderness. H.G. Wells' "moon people" would agree. Would you?
What would be the best title for the text?
A. Alice Cities—cities of the future B. Space travel with H.G. Wells
C. Enjoy living underground D. Building down, not up
【分析】文章以月球人的问题Why are you traveling to outer space when you don't even use yourinner space? 引起话题，接着讲叙了人类目前对地下空间的利用现状，结尾以地下空间开发的支持者的话点题building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space。A选项只是本文话题的部分意思，不是主要话题;B选项与文章的意思无关;文章主要是讲地下空间的开发利用，而不是讲如何享受地下生活，因此C选项与文章的主题也无关;D选项符合文章的主要内容，与主题句的意思一致，因此，是该题的正确答案。
4. 主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末
这种写法的特点是：文章一开始就点题，接着举例，最后回归主题。如：(全国高考题)
Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten bysnakes. "It was seeing people with snake bites thatled me to this career," he said.
In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered amedical school and later became a doctor of Chinesemedicine. As part of his studies he had to work inthe mountains. There he often heard of people whohad their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.
"I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. The oldman was pulling grass in his fields when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized hehad been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm tostop the poison spreading to his heart. Rushing home he shouted 'Bring me the knife!' Minuteslater the man lost his arm forever."
"The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bittenby snakes,"Shu said.
The best headline for this newspaper article is ______.
A. Astonishing Medicine B. Farmer Loses Arms
C. Dangerous Bites D. Snake Doctor
【分析】文章的第一段就两句话，第一句点题，第二交代了Shu Pulong成为蛇医的原因;第二、第三段举例说明Shu Pulong如何了解到农民被蛇咬的情况;第四段回归主题，强调是由于第二、第三段中所交代的事例促使Shu Pulong决心成为蛇医。题目的A选项与文章中的信息无关;B、C两个选项只涉及到文章所举的例子的某个方面;D选项能涵盖首位两个自然段，即主题句，的信息，因此是正确答案。
5. 文章中没有明显的主题句
有的文章没有明显的主题句，如果在阅读这类文章的时候碰到判断文章的主题、话题、中心思想之类的题目，我们的注意力主要放在两个方面：1. 文章的主要内容;2. 选项之间的区别。也就是说能涵盖文章的全部或主要内容的选项才是正确答案。如：(全国高考题)