2017考研英语阅读基础准备
例如：21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as( ) 2012 text 1
[A] a supplement to the social cure
[B] a stimulus to group dynamics
[C] an obstacle to school progress
[D] a cause of undesirable behaviors
Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.
解析：选D, 因为本题是细节题的同意替换：cause=lead to; undesirable=no good; behaviors=drinking, drugs and casual sex。A，B是Rosenberg个人的观点，且是文中句子的偷换概念，C在本段是无中生有。
推理题：
1、题干提示词：infer，imply，conclude，suggest，indicate等出现在题干中时，基本判定为推理题。
2、根据推理判断题的性质和出题范围，我们可以大致把这种题型分为三种类别：
A、局部推理题，文章的一句话或几句话、抑或是一两个段落，是相对比较容易快速定位的推理题，题干提示词，如believe, imply, according to the author等。
例如：It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that__. (2007)
The statement “it is all too monkey” (last line, paragraph 1) implies that__. (2005)
B、全文推理题，这种题型一般不仅是考查对于全文中心思想的推理，同样也是考查对细节的推理，只不过是这些细节散布在文章的各个角落，需要考生进行全面的归纳。
例如：The text suggests that immigrants now in the US_. (2006)
It can be inferred from the text that public services_. (2002)
C、细节性推理题，这种题型是细节题和推理题的综合 ，一般的问法为which of the following is true，或者Which of the following is not true等，要求考生找到符合原文信息的选项，而且四个选项所涉及的内容可能分布在文章各个段落，需要考生迅速定位并进行推理判断。
3、解题技巧。
1.定位：精读题干，寻找定位词，充分了解题目要求我们进行推理和判断的内容;
2.替换：将四个选项与线索句进行比对，要理解文章的字面意思，弄清上下文的整体逻辑，表达方式不同，意思最为接近的选项为正确选项;
3.排除：主题大于细节，观点大于论据，特别关注转折处;
例如：36. It can be learned from the first paragraph that( )2012text4
[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members.
[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant.
[C] unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.
[D]the government has improved its relationship with unionists.
If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant. When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do. In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.
解析：选C，由红色字体我们可以推断出C为正确答案。A用现在时来迷惑大家，文章的基调是过去时。B段中第一句是条件状语从句：如果工会会员Hoffa还健在的话，他会代表公务员。从这句我们不能推断出他曾经是公务员。D中政府与工会会员的关系，在本段并没有提到。
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