英语四级考试选词填空技巧
Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an EI Nino will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
其选项如下:
A) estimate;
B) strength;
C) deliberately;
D) notify;
E) tropical;
F) phenomenon;
G) stable;
H) attraction;
I) completely;
J) destructive;
K) starvation;
L) bringing;
M) exhaustion;
N) worth;
O) strike
辨析词性
把十五个选项按词性分别归入名词、动词、形容词、副词等类别。
纵观样题和真题,我们知道15个词汇都属于最重要的四类实词。我们要学会每种词汇的基本搭配和基本用法。
辨性要注意下面几点。
1.遇到动词进行二次分类:确定时态,确定是第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数;但应注意动词+ed型的有两种可能性,动词或形容词;遇到名词要确定单数还是复数。
2.不认识的单词,看后缀。构词法中,前缀表明意思,后缀表明词性。所以看一个词的后缀,往往能大致分出词性。
3.词性一时无法确定的,暂时搁置,不必纠缠,影响全局。
4.作出相应的标记。可直接用自己最清楚的符号清楚标在每个词前后。不清楚的都标问号。
以真题为例辨词性
A) estimate; B) strength;
C) deliberately; D) notify;
E) tropical; F) phenomenon;
G) stable; H) attraction;
I) completely; J) destructive;
K) starvation; L) bringing;
M) exhaustion; N) worth;
O) Strike
名词:B,F,H,K,M
(B的后缀th, H、K、M的tion都是名词后缀)
谓语动词:A,D,O
(A的-ate极可能是动词,D的-fy为动词后缀)
非谓语动词:L(-ing结尾)
形容词:E, G, J
(E的-cal, G的able, J的tive是形容词后缀)
副词:C和I(ly加在形容词后为副词后缀)
注意:即使从没见过,也想办法看能否判断其词性,词的性质有时比词义还重要。词的性质并不总是固定的,有些不认识的或无法确定的,如N) worth (adj./n.),可先搁置,不要过度纠缠。
三、综合解题
将选项分类之后,就得从文章中来寻找对应的线索了。选项与文章匹配的因素有两个,第一是词性,第二是词义。所以在读文章时,要通过各种手段来确定空格的词性与意义。
(一)确定词性,确定选项的选择范围
1)关于动词的判断
前后都是名词短语,中间是动词 。
根据一句(包括从句)有且只有一个谓动的原则,其它地方如无谓语动词,则需要谓语动词;反之则不需要谓语动词。
Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will 55 , but.
(will后面必然是原形动词,一起构成谓语)
55. O strike
Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.
(此句后只有一个to be,是非谓语动词,故空格必为谓语动词;且空格前后均为名词性,也基本确定它是动词。)
54. A estimate
一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号,后面一般是非谓语动词短语。
The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru.
(前面是一个完整的句子,逗号后跟的,一般是非谓语动词短语。此题选项中非谓语动词只有一个,故直选之。)
50. L bringing
2)其它词的'判断
形容词或名词修饰名词,限定词(the, this, that, a, my之类)后必有名词
This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.
47. F phenomenon
The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms.
49. E tropical
El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history.
(前面是最高级的修饰语,自然是形容词。)
52. J destructive
副词修饰形容词或动词
…, but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.(修饰形容词sure, 当为副词)
56. I completely
谓语动词前有名词主语
This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.
(happens是谓语动词,也可知前面为名词短语,缺一个核心名词。)
47. F phenomenon
介词后面必有名词
As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.
(在介词in的后面,当为名词无疑,此处整个短语来修饰lessen减少,当为在某个方面减少。)
48. B strength
(二)句里句外,猜测词义
一看搭配:主谓宾、主系表与修饰 词直接的搭配关系决定着词的意义。所以先看它被谁修饰,与谁形成主谓宾关系。看一种关系不行就看另一个,灵活处之。
This strange 47 happens every five to eight years.
strange修饰47,也许看不出来是什么,再看47与happen形成主谓关系,能够发生的是什么?最好的当然是现象。
47. F phenomenon
二看逻辑:
1.句内(状语从句,解释,并列等)
As the trade winds lessen in 48, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.