关于共享单车的利与弊政治

　　共享单车,又称分时租赁自行车。指企业在校园、地铁站点、公交站点、居民区、商业区、公共服务区等提供自行车单车共享服务，是一种分时租赁模式。共享单车是一种新型共享经济。使用智能手机应用软件，用户可以用自己的手机查看单车位置，继而预约、找到、租用该车。通过扫描车身上的二维码开锁即可开始骑行。到达目的地后，在街边指定区域内手动锁车完成归还手续。是“互联网+交通”的创新之举。

关于共享单车的利与弊政治

　　"Key knowledge" to share the spirit and facilitate the journey of the people; Low-carbon environment, green travel; Convenient and inexpensive, saving time and economic cost; Exercise, promote physical health; Relieve public transport pressure and make up for public transport; And so on.

　　1. Use the knowledge of moral education to explain the cause (or significance) of the popularity of bicycles in China.

　　It is beneficial to implement the basic state policy of saving resources and protecting the environment; It is conducive to the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development and the building of a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society; It is conducive to enhancing the public's awareness of environmental protection and living a low-carbon and healthy lifestyle. It is beneficial to relieve the increasing traffic pressure and facilitate people's travel.

　　2. The sharing of bicycles as a new economic form has developed rapidly in our country. What does it say?

　　Innovation is the soul of a nation's progress, and is an inexhaustible driving force for the prosperity of a country. Our country adheres to the strategy of innovation-driven development. China unwaveringly encourages, supports and guides the development of the non-public sector of the economy. To implement the strategy of sustainable development, we need to encourage scientific and technological innovation, so that the emissaries can reduce emissions. China implements the policy of "respect for labor, respect for knowledge, respect for talent and respect for creation". Science and technology are the first productive forces, which are the epitomized and important symbol of the advanced productive forces. The information technology and information culture are fundamentally changing the social form, social norms and people's life styles and ideas.

　　3. Social participation -- responsibility -- social responsibility

　　The main point of social responsibility is self-respect, self-discipline, civility, honesty and kindness, and kindness and kindness. Filial piety, gratitude; Enthusiastic public service and volunteer service, dedicated and dedicated, with team awareness and mutual support; Being able to take the initiative, conscientiousness, responsibility to the self and others; Can distinguish right from wrong, have the rule and rule of law consciousness, actively fulfill the civic duty, rationally exercise the civil rights; Advocating freedom and equality and safeguarding social equity and justice; Love and respect nature, have a green lifestyle and sustainable development concept and action.

　　Among them, you can analyze the active use of a Shared bike:

　　Independent development -- healthy life -- cherish life: develop the behavior habit and life style of healthy civilization;

　　Social participation -- responsibility -- social responsibility: love and respect nature, have a green lifestyle and sustainable development philosophy and action.

　　Among them, the analysis of the Shared cycle is:

　　Social participation -- responsibility -- social responsibility: self-respect, self-discipline, civility and courtesy; Can distinguish right from wrong, have the rule and rule of law consciousness, actively fulfill the civic duty, rationally exercise the civil rights; To uphold equality of freedom and uphold social fairness and justice;

　　The problems that come with it:

　　The first category is the conflict between the chaos of the Shared bicycle and the urban management, which has been cleaned up and punished by the city management personnel.

　　The second category is that some citizens have been sabotaged by people who share their bikes.

　　The third is the growing issue of Shared bicycle providers and governments;

　　The fourth category is that the sharing cycle provider cannot effectively provide the management and service of a Shared bicycle.

　　"Common test method"

　　Angle a list, description, performance class

　　1. Government and business cooperation to promote the sharing of bicycles. What are the basic state policies and development strategies implemented in China

　　The state policy: protecting the environment and saving resources;

　　Strategy: strategy of sustainable development strategy science and education.

　　2. The rapid promotion of sharing bikes shows the importance people attach to which environmental issues.

　　Air pollution.

　　3. How does sharing a bicycle become a new sharing economy?

　　A science and technology is the first productive force, the most active factor in productivity. Every major breakthrough of b technology will promote profound changes in economic society and great progress in human society. In today's world, science and technology are increasingly penetrating into areas of economic development, social progress and human life.

　　4. Sharing the problems of theft, malicious damage and disorderly parking of bicycles, which indicates which aspect of civilization should be strengthened in our country?

　　Construction of spiritual civilization or ideological morality.

　　5. Unlike public bikes, there are operating companies behind Shared bikes, such as motorcycle, OFO, etc., which economic nature do they belong to? What are their status and role?

　　Nature: non-public economy or private economy or private economy.

　　Status: an important part of socialist market economy.

　　Role: to fully arouse the enthusiasm of the social various aspects, meet the demand of the masses, improve people's living standard, increase employment, increase revenue, to speed up the productivity development plays an important role.

　　How to ensure the orderly and sound development of the Shared bicycle enterprises from the national perspective?

　　A country shall protect the lawful rights and utilization of the Shared bicycle enterprises; B encourages, supports and guides them to develop; They shall exercise supervision and administration according to law.

　　Angle two reasons, significance, influence class

　　6. Talk about the reasons why sharing bicycles have been damaged and disorganized by theft.

　　(1) the civilization of some citizens is not high, and the legal consciousness is weak;

　　(2) China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and the specific system is not perfect.

　　7. Why did the government strongly support the development of sharing bicycles? What's the point of sharing a bicycle?

　　(1) government: it embodies the idea that the government is people-oriented and governs for the people.

　　(2) economic Angle: sharing bicycle company belongs to the non-public economy or private economy or private economy. The non-public economy is an important part of the socialist market economy. It is important to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects of society to meet the needs of the masses, raise the living standards of the people, increase employment, increase national taxation and accelerate the development of productive forces.

　　(3) resource, environmental conditions and harm Angle: China's resource shortage and resource utilization are low; The air is seriously polluted. China's economic development has been severely restricted, affecting social stability, endangering people's health, and becoming a major issue that threatens the survival and development of the Chinese nation.

　　(4) citizen's perspective: it is convenient for people to travel, relieve traffic congestion and improve people's living standards; It is conducive to enhancing citizens' awareness of economy and environmental protection and advocating a healthy and civilized low-carbon lifestyle. It is conducive to reducing the consumption of such energy as citizens, saving resources, reducing pollution, protecting the environment and conducive to the construction of ecological civilization. It is advantageous to promote harmony between man and nature and build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

　　8. From the perspective of moral and legal aspects of theft, malicious damage to the sharing of bicycles.

　　(1) moral perspective: immoral behavior. Violating the values of "honesty and kindness" in the core socialist values; There is no empathy, kindness, etc.

　　(2) legal perspective: it is a sign of weak legal consciousness. Infringement of the ownership of the legal property of a Shared bicycle company. The lighter will be subject to administrative sanctions, and the heavier will be penalized (depending on the material)

　　Judge lu's illegal behavior nature, and explain the reason.

　　(legal links: "public security management punishment law article 49: strong and stubbornly or any damage, take up of company property, more than five days detention less than ten days, may be concurrently fined not less than RMB five hundred." criminal law "article 275:" the deliberate destruction of company property, relatively large or there are other serious circumstances, be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or a fine; huge or other especially serious circumstances, be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 3 years. ")

　　1) nature: serious illegal act or crime;

　　2) the reason: stealing and damaging the sharing bicycle is of serious social danger; Violation of article 275 of the criminal law, which complies with the characteristics of criminal illegality; He was sentenced to three months 'criminal detention and fined 1,000 yuan, which was punishable by punishment and characterized by punishment.

　　Angle three practice, suggestion, revelation class

　　10. To solve a series of problems arising from the operation of Shared bicycles, what should the government, enterprises and consumers do?

　　(1) government: to strengthen supervision, to draw up special parking areas and to transfer vehicles in a timely manner; We will improve the laws and regulations, govern the law in accordance with the law, and step up enforcement efforts. We will strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization, increase publicity for education, raise the ideological and moral quality of citizens, and create a civilized car atmosphere.

　　(2) enterprises: enhance social responsibility, standardize business practices, and abide by the law; Relying on science and technology, perfecting the network supervision mechanism, establishing the credit score system, and increasing the charging quota for the offending users; We will strengthen the use of follow-up supervision of vehicles.

　　(3) consumers: improve their own ideological and moral qualities, observe social ethics, protect vehicles, park in accordance with regulations, and practice the core values of socialist values; Strengthen the legal consciousness, while enjoying the rights while faithfully fulfilling their obligations, to be a citizen with high legal concept and high morality; To actively undertake the social responsibility, exercise supervision right, and report the illegal behaviors in the use of bicycles. ,

　　In the case of the sharing of bikes, expert advice can be solved through the credit system. Each car has a track track, which does not allow for a fee or even disqualification. Talk about your Revelations from an honest Angle.

　　(1) honesty is the basic principle of human life; To be honest, to be trusted by others, is also a sublimation of our own morality. Real work is a guarantee that a person can succeed in the social base and career.

　　(2) the basic requirement of integrity is to keep a good faith and be responsible for things. Life has a little bit of little things, honesty is reflected in the little things. The big things we do, the small things, we must face them seriously. When we do big things, we also want to hold the bar, and unify our work and human life.

　　(3) the code of integrity requires that we stand on the side of the interests of the majority, the long-term interests and the law.

　　12. When the bicycle is used for the first time, it must pay a certain deposit. What are some of the best advice you can give to governments and businesses on the risk of sharing a bicycle with a public interest?

　　(1) government: to improve the laws and regulations, to achieve legal and legal protection, and to protect the lawful property rights of citizens according to law; While encouraging, supporting and guiding the non-public sector, we will continue to exercise supervision and administration in accordance with the law.

　　(2) enterprises: to strengthen the integrity and law-abiding business, abide by the ethics of the industry, and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.

　　13. What would you do if you chose to park after sharing your bike? Please explain why.

　　(1) parking Spaces in designated parking areas that are easy for others to find. Because we need to learn to think and be kind to others.

　　(2) no parking is allowed. We will not do it because the law forbids it. We must learn to obey the law, take pride in the law, and be ashamed of it.

　　14. Situation analysis:

　　Xiao Ming found that people deliberately sabotaged the two - dimensional codes and locks on a bicycle parking lot.

　　(1) xiao Ming should: step forward to stop or report to the relevant department.

　　(2) the reason is that we should observe social morality, take good care of public facilities and actively fight against injustice.

　　『重点知识』共享精神，方便百姓出行;低碳环保，绿色出行;便捷价廉，节约时间和经济成本;锻炼身体，促进身体健康;缓解公共交通压力，弥补公共交通短板;等等。

　　1、运用思想品德课知识，说明我国共享单车火爆的原因(或意义)。

　　①有利于落实节约资源、保护环境的基本国策;②有利于落实可持续发展战略，建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会;③有利于增强市民的的环保意识，践行低碳、健康的生活方式;④有利于缓解日益严重的交通压力，方便人们的出行。

　　2、共享单车作为一种新的经济形式，在我国迅速发展，说明了什么?

　　①创新是一个民族进步的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力。我国坚持创新驱动发展战略。②我国毫不动摇地鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济发展。③实施可持续发展战略，需要鼓励科技创新，使节能减排落到实处。④我国贯彻“尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造”方针。⑤科学技术是第一生产力，是先进生产力的集中体现和重要标志。⑥信息技术和信息文化正在从根本上改变社会形态、社会规范以及人们的生活方式和思想观念。

　　3、社会参与——责任担当--社会责任

　　社会责任的重点是：自尊自律，文明礼貌，诚信友善，宽和待人;孝亲敬长，有感恩之心;热心公益和志愿服务，敬业奉献，具有团队意识和互助精神;能主动作为，履职尽责，对自我和他人负责;能明辨是非，具有规则与法治意识，积极履行公民义务，理性行使公民权利;崇尚自由平等，能维护社会公平正义;热爱并尊重自然，具有绿色生活方式和可持续发展理念及行动等。

　　其中可以分析积极使用共享单车的有：

　　【自主发展--健康生活--珍爱生命】：养成健康文明的行为习惯和生活方式;

　　【社会参与--责任担当--社会责任】：热爱并尊重自然，具有绿色生活方式和可持续发展理念及行动。

　　其中可以分析损坏共享单车的有：

　　【社会参与--责任担当--社会责任】：自尊自律，文明礼貌，诚信友善;能明辨是非，具有规则与法治意识，积极履行公民义务，理性行使公民权利;崇尚自由平等，能维护社会公平正义;

　　其中带来的问题：

　　第一类是共享单车的乱停乱放和城市管理发生了冲突，遭遇了城市管理人员的清理和处罚;

　　第二类是某些市民对于共享单车的人为破坏和据为己有。

　　第三类是共享单车提供商和政府的配合问题日益凸显;

　　第四类是共享单车提供商不能有效提供共享单车的管理和服务工作。

　　『常见考查方法』

　　角度一列举、说明、表现类

　　1、政府和企业合作推广共享单车，说明我国实施的基本国策和发展战略分别是什么

　　国策：保护环境节约资源发展;

　　战略：可持续发展战略科教兴国战略。

　　2、共享单车的迅速推广，说明了人们对哪一环境问题的重视?

　　大气污染问题。

　　3、共享单车成为一种新的共享经济说明科学技术具有怎样的作用?

　　a科学技术是第一生产力，是生产力中最活跃的因素;b科技的每一次重大突破，都会促进经济社会的深刻变革和人类社会的巨大进步;c当今世界，科技日益渗透到经济发展、社会进步和人类生活的各个领域。

　　4、共享单车频遭盗窃、恶意损坏、混乱停车等问题，说明了我国还需加强哪一文明哪一方面的建设?

　　精神文明建设或思想道德建设。

　　5、与公共自行车不同，共享单车背后都有各自的运营公司，如摩拜单车、OFO等，它们属于哪一经济性质?其地位和作用分别是什么?

　　性质：非公有制经济或私营经济或民营经济。

　　地位：社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分。

　　作用：对充分调动社会各方面的积极性，满足群众需求、提高人民生活水平、增加就业、增加国家税收、加快生产力发展具有重要的作用。

　　从国家角度如何确保共享单车企业有序良好发展?

　　a国家要保护共享单车企业的合法权利和利用;b鼓励、支持、引导它们发展;对它们依法实行监督和管理。

　　角度二原因、意义、影响类

　　6、从国情角度谈谈共享单车频遭盗窃恶意损坏混乱停车的原因。

　　(1)部分公民的文明素质不高，法律意识淡薄;

　　(2)我国仍处于社会主义初级阶段，具体制度还不够完善。

　　7、政府为什么大力支持共享单车的发展?或共享单车的出现有何意义?

　　(1)政府角度：体现了政府以人为本，执政为民的理念。

　　(2)经济角度：共享单车公司属于非公有制经济或私营经济或民营经济。非公有制经济是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分。对充分调动社会各方面的积极性，满足群众的需求、提高人民的生活水平、增加就业、增加国家税收、加快生产力发展具有重要的作用。

　　(3)资源、环境国情及危害角度：我国资源短缺、资源利用率低;大气污染严重。严重制约我国经济发展，影响社会安定，危害人们健康，成为威胁中华民族生存与发展的重大问题。

　　(4)公民角度：①有利于方便人们出行，缓解交通拥堵，提高人们生活水平;②有利于增强公民的节约意识和环保意识，倡导健康文明的低碳生活方式;③有利于公民减少等能源的消耗，节约资源，减少污染，保护环境，有利于生态文明建设;④有利于促进人与自然和谐相处，全面建成小康社会等。

　　8、从道德和法律角度评析盗窃、恶意损坏共享单车的行为.

　　(1)道德角度：是不道德的行为。违背了社会主义核心价值观中“诚信、友善”的价值准则;没有做到换位思考、与人为善等。

　　(2)法律角度：是法律意识淡薄的表现。侵犯了共享单车公司的合法财产所有权。轻者会受到行政制裁，重则要受到刑罚处罚(视材料而定)

　　判断吕某的违法行为性质，并说明理由。

　　(法律链接：《治安管理处罚法》第49条：强拿硬要或者任意损毁、占用公司财物的，处五日以上十日以下拘留，可以并处五百元以下罚款。《刑法》第275条：“故意毁坏公司财物，数额较大或者有其他严重情节的，处3年以下有期徒刑、拘役或者罚金;数额巨大或者有其他特别严重情节的，处3年以下有期徒刑。”)

　　1)性质：严重违法行为或犯罪;

　　2)理由：盗窃破坏共享单车，具有严重社会危害性;触犯了《刑法》第275条，符合刑事违法性特征;被判处拘役3个月，处罚金1000元，受到了刑罚处罚，符合刑罚当罚特征。

　　角度三做法、建议、启示类

　　10、为解决共享单车运营中产生的一系列问题，政府、企业、消费者分别应怎样做?

　　(1)政府：要加强监管，划定专门的停车区域，对不按规定停放的车辆进行及时转移;完善法律法规，做到依法治理，加大执法力度;加强精神文明建设，加大宣传教育力度，提高公民的思想道德素质，营造文明用车氛围。

　　(2)企业：增强社会责任，规范经营行为，诚信守法经营;依靠科技，完善网络监督机制，建立信用积分系统，对违规使用者提高收费额度;强化车辆使用后续监管等。

　　(3)消费者：提高自身的思想道德素质，遵守社会公德，爱护车辆、按规定停放、践行诚信、友善的社会主义核心价值观;增强法律意识，在享受权利的同时忠实履行自己的义务，做一个具有高度法制观念和高尚道德的公民;积极承担社会责任，行使监督权，对共享单车使用过程中的违法行为及时进行举报等。、

　　11、对于共享单车“乱停乱放”问题，专家建议可通过信用体系来解决。每辆车都有跟踪轨迹，不按规定停放可提供收费额度甚至停止使用资格。从诚信角度谈谈对你的启示。

　　(1)诚信是为人处世的基本原则;为人诚实，言而有信能得到别人的信任，也是自身道德的升华;实实在在做事是个人得以在社会立足、事业得以成功的保证。

　　(2)诚信的基本要求是对人守信，对事负责。生活有点点滴滴的小事构成，诚信做人就体现在一点一滴的小事之中。我们所做的大事、小事，都要认真面对，在做人方面实质上没有大事小事之分;我们做大事的同时也要拘小节，把做事和做人有机统一起来。

　　(3)诚信守则要求我们站在多数人利益一边、长远利益一边、法律一边。

　　12、共享单车首次使用时，都要缴纳一定的押金。针对公众关心的共享单车押金风险问题，你对政府和企业有哪些好的建议?

　　(1)政府：完善法律法规，做到有法可依，并依法保护公民的合法财产所有权;对非公有制经济采取鼓励、支持、引导的同时，坚持依法实行监督和管理。

　　(2)企业：要加强诚信守法经营，遵守行业道德，切实保障消费者的合法权益。

　　13、如果你使用完共享单车后在选择停放位置时，你会怎么做?请说明理由。

　　(1)停放在方便他人寻找的指定停车区域。因为我们要学会换位思考，与人为善。

　　(2)不得占道停车。因为法律禁止做的，我们坚决不做。我们要学会尊法守法用法，要以守法为荣，以违法为耻。

　　14、情境分析：

　　小明在共享单车停放处发现有人故意破坏单车上二维码和车锁。

　　(1)小明应该：上前劝说制止，或向有关部门举报。

　　(2)理由是：我们应该遵守社会公德，爱护公共设施，积极同非正义的行为作斗争。

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