2017年英语四级翻译考前训练素材
根据表现手法，国画可分为写童派和工笔派两大类。下面有小编整理的关于国画的英语四级翻译素材，欢迎大家阅读!
国画
国画(Chinese painting)是世界上最古老的艺术传统之一。绘画时用毛笔蘸黑墨或彩墨在纸张或丝绸上作画。根据表现手法，国画可分为写童派(the Xieyi school)和工笔派(the Gongbi school)两大类。写意派以自 由表达和形式夸张为特点;工笔派则注重以精细的笔法描绘细节。山水画被公认为国画的最高形式。纵观历史，不同时期的.国画都相应地反映出人们的社会意识。
参考译文：
Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is done on paper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of expression, Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi school and the Gongbi school. The Xieyi school is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while the Gongbi school attaches importance to detail with fine brush work. Landscape painting is widely regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintings paintings at different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.
词句点拨
1.第2句为无主语句，翻译时可补充出主语0ne，译作When painting, one uses a brush to dip it in black ink...，但这种译法显得较为繁冗。此处宜把时间状语“绘画时”转换成主句is done,“用毛笔蘸黑墨......”处理成方式状语，用介词短语with a brush dipped in black...来表达，这样句子更简洁、逻辑关系更强。
2.在第3句中，“可分为几大类”可译为短语be divided into...categories;“写意派和工笔派”则可用定语从 句which are...来表达。
3.第4句含有对比的并列结构，可用表对比的连词while来连接。该句中的“注重……描绘细节”译成attach importance to detail即可达意，省译“描绘”;“以精细的笔法”是方式状语，可用介词短语with fine brush work来表达，置于句末。
4.在最后一句中，定语“不同时期的”较长，可将其处理成后置定语，表达为at different times/periods。
年糕
年糕(Chinese New Year Cake)是中国人的传统食品，距今已有两千年的历史。早期被用来祭奠灶神(the KitchenGod)，其后渐渐成为一种春节特色食品。年糕主要是用糯米粉(glutinous rice flour)制作而成，有黄、白两色，象征金、银。在汉语中，“粘”与“年”同音，而“糕”与“高”同音，所以年糕寓意人们的生活水平一年比一年提高。年糕营养丰富，不但吃起来香甜可口，而且还有健身祛病的作用。中国地域广、各地的风俗习惯不同，因而年糕的种类也多种多样。
参考翻译:
Chinese New Year Cake is a traditional food forChinese people with a history of 2,000 years. In earlytimes, it was used as an offering to the Kitchen Godand gradually evolved into a kind of food typical inthe Spring Festival. Chinese New Year Cake is madeof glutinous rice flour, with yellow or white as its color, symbolizing gold and silver. In Chinese, "sticky" is identical in sound to "year" and "cake" to "high", so Chinese New Year Cake alsoimplies that people’s standard of living would be improved year by year. Chinese New YearCake, containing lots of nutrition, not only tastes sweet and delicious but also benefits peoplehealth and wards off diseases. China is vast in territory and its customs vary from place toplace, thus the types of Chinese New Year Cake are also various.
1.第一句话的主干结构是“年糕是中国人的传统食品”;“距今...的历史”可翻译为with a history of 2,000 years放主句后。
2.第二句应增译主语“年糕”，为避免重复，故翻译为it;“被用来”和“渐渐成为”作it的并列谓语，第—个谓语动词要使用被动语态。
3.第三句“年糕主要是…”中，“象征金、银”是对年糕颜色的进一步说明，可处理为现在分词短语symbolizing gold and silver。
4.第四句“在汉语中…”较长，句中“所以”提示，可用连接词so承接前后分句，注意so引导的分句中“人们的生活水平…提高”要使用被动语态。
5.倒数第二句的主语是“年糕”，后跟三个谓语。可将“营养丰富”处理为现在分词短语containing lots ofnutrients在句中作状语;“不但…而且…”连接两个并列谓语可套用not only...but also...句式来表达。
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