IBM公司500项软件专利不再独自享用英语美文

　　IBM Patents to Aid Open-source Projects

　　美国国际商用机器公司(IBM)1月11日宣布，该公司将公开自己拥有的500项软件技术专利，以提供给那些使用共享资源的用户免费使用。

　　IBM announced on Tuesday that it was making 500 of its software patents freely available to anyone working on open-source projects, like the popular Linux operating system, on which programmers collaborate and share code.

　　美国国际商用机器公司(IBM)1月11日宣布，该公司将公开自己拥有的500项软件技术专利，以提供给那些使用共享资源的用户免费使用。

　　据法国《国际先驱论坛报》1月11日报道，这是IBM公司利用专利权、商标法等措施保护知识产权的一次转型。一般而言，企业对于其拥有的知识产权一般通过申请专利、版权、注册商标等形式来加以保护。如果其他人想使用这些技术，企业便可以收取一定的费用。在这方面的操作，IBM公司可以说是其中的`典范。该公司去年通过出售专利许可权而收取的费用至少有10亿美元。

　　目前，IBM公司拥有的专利数量在全世界公司中排行首位。但是，公司发明专利的步伐却并没有慢下来。2004年，IBM申请了3248项专利，远远超出了其他公司。

　　过去几年中，IBM在软件公共资源的开发中作了很大的贡献。IBM公司此次的举动并不是仅仅考虑到公司本身的利益，而是想通过技术公开和共享来促进经济增长，增加就业。在这一点上，IBM公司和一些学术人士的想法不谋而合。

　　The announcement represents a shift away from the traditional corporate approach to protecting ownership of ideas through patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade-secret laws. The conventional practice is to amass as many patents as possible and then charge anyone who wants access to them.

　　International Business Machines has long been the champion of that formula. The company collected $1 billion or more last year from licensing its inventions, analysts estimate.

　　The move comes after a lengthy internal review by IBM - which has more patents than any other company in the world - of its strategy toward intellectual property. IBM executives said the patent donation on Tuesday would be the first of several such steps.

　　IBM may be redefining its intellectual-property strategy, but it apparently has no intention of slowing the pace of its patent activity. IBM was granted 3,248 patents in 2004, far more than any other company, according to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

　　IBM executives say the company"s new approach to intellectual property represents more than a rethinking of where IBM"s self-interest lies. In recent speeches, for example, Samuel Palmisano, chief executive, has emphasized the need for more open technology standards and collaboration as a way to stimulate economic growth and job creation.

　　On this issue, IBM appears to be siding with a growing number of academics and industry analysts who regard open-source software projects as early evidence of the wide collaboration and innovation made possible by the Internet, providing opportunities for economies, companies and individuals who can exploit the new model.

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